Magnetic Levitation is a technology that has been experimented with intensely over the past couple decades. It wasn’t until the last ten years when scientists began to develop systems that would use magnetic levitation as a means of transport. This paper outlines the methods behind magnetic levitation, as well as the technologies implemented using the levitation. The implementation of a large-scale transportation system using magnetic levitation has huge social as well as economical effects. These aspects are looked at in a number of situations to see if the effort in producing a system using magnets is worth the time and eff. The MAGLEV TRAINS have a countless number of advantages which are making us to think more towards the MAGLEV TRAINS than the conventional trains. High speed trains like MAGLEV TRAINS moves very smoothly as compared to the other conventional trains due to absence of wheels in it.

Purpose: We investigated the role of video-urodynamic (VUD) to identify detrusor sphincter dysynergia (DSD) and idiopathic external urethral sphincter hyperactivity (SH) in women suffering urgency. Material and Methods: Between July 2013 and May 2015, 82 women who underwent VUD studies due to urgency were analyzed. Women were evaluated carefully by complete history, physical investigation, urosonography, voiding diary, and video-urodynamic investigation. Results: Using VUD, we found DSD or SH in 40 of 83(48%) women. Median age of women was 54 ± 18 (range: 22-84). DSD and SH were found in 31 of 40 (78%) and 9 of 40 (22%) women respectively. 19 of 40 (48%) women had urge incontinence with median pad usage of 4 ± 2 (range: 1-10) daily. 20 of 40 (50%) women suffered from recurrent urinary infections.

On-chip communication, modular, scalable packet-switched micro-network of interconnects, generally known as Network-on-Chip (NoC) architecture can be designed as regular or application-specific (irregular) network topologies. Application specific custom network topologies are advantageous in terms of optimized design according to given performance metrics and regular network topologies are advantageous in terms of its modularity, lower design time and efforts required and thus are suitable for mass production. So to offer the advantages of both the topologies this paper proposes a methodology to augment the regular topology according to the application characteristics. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methodology can reduce dynamic communication energy consumption by on average of 32.79% and reduction in average per flit latency by on average of 16.22% over regular 2D NoC architecture.

Australia is a leading developed country which is indispensable a proper planning and management of power generation. To take a unique planning decision forecasting of electricity production is badly in need so that electricity generation copes with the demand of the electricity smoothly. The main task of this study is to assess the performance of two time series models in forecasting electricity generation in Australia. Two time series forecasting methods such as ARIMA and Holt-Winter’s additive trend and seasonality smoothing methods are considered. Applying Theil’s U-statistic as the key performance measure, the study concludes that Holtwinter’s method is more appropriate model.

This paper intends to explore the effect of capital structure on firm profitability. For the purpose of empirically investigating the effect of capital structure, a sample of 30 firms have been selected from FTSE-100 index of the London Stock Exchange. The data period for the study was 2005 to 2014. The study used multiple regression analysis method to explore the impact of capital structure on firm performance. The results revealed that Interest Coverage has positive significant impact on ROA, ROE and ROIC where DE has positive significant impact on ROE but negative significant impact on ROA and ROIC. The study concluded that an optimal level of capital structure, effective utilization and allocation of resources shall be employed to achieve the targeted level of efficiency in business.

Face recognition with less information availability in terms of the number of image samples is a challenging task. A simple and efficient method for face recognition is proposed in this paper, to address small sample size problem and rotation variation of input images. The robert`s operator is used as edge detection method to elicit borders to crop the facial part and then all cropped images are resized to a uniform 50*50 size to complete the preprocessing step. Preprocessed test images are rotated in different angles to check the robustness of proposed algorithm. All preprocessed images are partitioned into one hundred 5*5 equal size parts. The matrix 2-norm, infinite norm, trace and rank are elicited for each of 5*5 part and respectively averaged to yield on hundred matrix features. Another one hundred diagonal features are extracted by applying a 3*3 mask on each image. Final one hundred features are obtained by fusing averaged matrix and diogonal features. Euclidian distance measure is used for comparision of database and query image features. The results are comparitively better on three publically availabe datasets compared to existing methods

This study examined whether trade openness engineers economic growth in Nigeria. The motivation stems from evaluating whether there is a significant contribution from trade openness proxied by net export (NEXP) to economic growth in Nigeria (GDP). The study employed the Classical Linear Regression Model (CLRM) using secondary data from 1991 to 2013. The ordinary Least Square Regression method represents the principal method of estimation combined with an array of other general/standard and diagnostic tests. The R2 explains that 97.7% of variation in GDP in the model is explained by the principal regressors. Export was found to be a positive and significant function of GDP but Import was positive and non-significant. This is consistent with theory as economies grow from exporting more than they import all things being equal.

Unreinforced Brick masonry is a non-homogeneous material made of bricks as the building units and the mortar as the interface material. Brick masonry has a high compressive strength under vertical loads but has a low tensile strength against bending. Reinforced brick masonry show greater resistance against shear and bending. Brick masonry slab have good appearance, fire resistance capacity, thermal and acoustics performance, free from corrosion of reinforcement etc. Two types of masonry slab with herring bone bond pattern were fabricated using wire mesh and minimum reinforcement in addition to that one traditional RCC slab was also fabricated using minimum reinforcement. The masonry slabs failed due to brick failure without any advance warning. The crack pattern of masonry slabs using wire mesh and minimum reinforcement were flexure-tension and web-shear respectively. The crack pattern of RCC slab was flexure-shear. The maximum flexural stress carried by RCC slab, masonry slabs with wire mesh, with minimum reinforcement were 488 psi, 194 psi and 387 psi respectively where the maximum deflections were 0.157 inch (3.98 mm), 0.083 inch (2.1 mm) and 0.05 inch(1.28 mm), respectively. Reduction of cost of masonry slabs using wire mesh and minimum reinforcement from RCC slab are 24.14% and 2.85% respectively.

This paper suggests investigating the financing of higher education in Uzbekistan and its trends in the last years. Most expenses of higher education are covered by public funds, and although the share of public expenditure in GDP is higher than other countries, enrolment is still not in high rate. In general, government can afford to subsidize mass higher education because of Uzbekistan choice for socially oriented market economy. 20 percent of students can get public budget scholarship if their scores are on top of the list in entrance exams. For a long time tuition fees have been introduced and its share in financing higher education is rising year by year. In turn, the amount of monthly scholarships, tuition fee and number of student influence on public expenditure insignificantly. Tuition fees might be paid by three main sources. Students pay their tuition using education loan that is given by commercial banks, however the loan has higher interest rate than assumed. Predominantly, parents share in the payment of tuition fee has highest role among the sources, in this case the income of parents is exempt from income tax.

This study evaluates divalent ion abnormalities (DIA) and the hormonal changes throughout the spectrum of early CKD stages (1-4) as defined by K/DOQI. A total of 96 patients (48.96% males, mean age 62±13 yrs) with CKD 1 to 4, were prospectively evaluated and followed-up. There were (20, 27, 32, and 17 patients in CKD-1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively). The diagnosis was confirmed by renal biopsy, Table- 1.Mean serum creatinine (62±32 umol/L). Plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, calcitriol (CTRL), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were evaluated among the groups. A 24-hour urinary creatinine, calcium (Uca), phosphorus (Up), creatinine clearance and fractional excretion of calcium (FeCa), and phosphorus (FeP) were also compared. PTH was measured using the standard IRMA test (normal values 10-50 pg/dl), and calcitriol was measured by RIA test (normal values are 74.5 – 169 pmol/l). The exclusion criteria are nephrolithiasis, hypercalcemia, proteinuria >3g/24 hrs, previous renal transplant, and therapy with steroids or anticonvulsants (Phenytoin).