This research paper sets out to explore various border intrusion detection systems but with emphasis on wireless sensor detection method. The system described in this paper relates to the detection of human beings in particular but also offers ways of detecting non-human intruders such as objects and animals. Thus, the study aims at ascertaining the intruder crossing a specified border or perimeter under surveillance before raising an alarm. It also looks forward to provide intrusion detection mechanisms for other forms of objects that are considered to be intruding to a specified perimeter. The application is being developed for border intrusion detection problems that are mainly focused on human and any other intruder. As such, the system will focus on all forms of intrusion including objects. There is also need for an intrusion detection system to ascertain the identity of the intruder.

Video processing is one of the most challenging areas in image processing. It deals with identifying an object of interest. Motion detection has been used in many fields either directly or indirectly. In this paper an efficient approach to motion detection in video sequence using color feature extraction operator. Using this approach we improve the background subtraction and detecting the moving object with greater accuracy. In this paper, background modeling is done in order to make the update of background due to light illumination and change in the weather condition. Foreground detection is done before updating the background model. Color feature extraction is done in order to avoid the dynamic background such as moving leaves, rain, snow, rippling water.

The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Ni and Mn were determined in Sida veronicifolia, Chrystanthelum americanum, Cassia rotundifolia and Borreria filifolia samples using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry at the Air Force shooting range, Kaduna.The heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Ni and Mn) concentrations in Borreria filifolia shoot were found to be (229.29 ± 0.03, 33.26 ± 0.00, 200 ± 0.01, and 142.51 ± 0.01 mg/kg respectively while those of Sida veronicifolia samples in shoot are 189.27 ± 0.04, 170.56 ± 0.03, 111.9 ± 0.04 and 158.71 ± 0.01 mg/kg respectively for Pb, Cr, Ni and Mn.In chrystanthelum americanum samples in shoot are found 112.31 for Pb, 41.14 ± 0.01 mg/kg for Cr, 176.64 ± 0.00 mg/kg of Ni and 228.80 ± 0.02 mg/kg of Mn.Cassia rotundifolia gave 112.23 ± 0.00 mg/kg for Pb, 41.09 ± 0.01 mg/kg for Cr, 176.56 ± 0.05 mg/kg for Ni while 228.71 ± 0.03 mg/kg in Mn.The translocation factor (TF) indicates that the plants accumulated these metals (Cr, Ni and Mn) more in the shoots than in the roots. S. veronicifolia and B. filifolia can be used to decontaminate soil contaminated with (Cr and Mn) studied because TF is greater than one (TF > 1) while other plants can only be used for decontamination of soil polluted with selected metals where (TF>1).

Sensitivity-based analysis carried out on the production of dynamic loudspeakers for client (A) and (B) showed that client (A) has reliability efficiency 0f 20.4% with 90% of Tp, 30%-Ep, 50%-Ecp, while client (B) has 30%-Tp, 90%-Ep and 50%-Ecp respectively. Sustainability of client (B) is higher than (A) with 0.06. It has 99% and 20.1% system and efficiency reliabilities. Client (B) has the flexibility of indoor and outdoor which Client (A) lacks. The overall simulation analysis shows that client (B) product is better than (A).

Seed flow through hopperorifices is found in systems of dosing-filling-packaging; in hopper feeding systems; and in technological processes for control and/or monitoring.This study was aimed at establishing the relationship between moisture content and the volumetric flow rate (Q) of egusi-melon (Colocynthis citrullus)seeds as they passed through horizontal hopper orifices. It is observed that Q decreased as the moisture content increased due probably to the increase in internal friction as the moisture content increased as well as the change in bulk density with moisture. When egusi-melon moisture content increased from 6.76 to 18.9% d.b., the Q through circular and square horizontal hopper orifices decreased by about 5.36% from 3.5848 to 3.3926m3/h (circular) and by about 4.36% from 2.3459 to 2.2436 m3/h (square), showing higher Q for circular than for square orifice. Also, Q had a negative linear relationship with moisture content with R2 = 0.91. However, for increasing hopper orifice sizes, Q increased with power regression with exponents ranging from 2.54 to 2.95 for both orifices and for equivalent orifice diameter (De) and hydraulic orifice diameter (Dh). This study is important for proper design of hoppers and outlet nozzles to facilitate uninterrupted egusi-melon seed flow rate.

Grouting is an effective way to improve the engineering properties of the soil to reduce soil permeability. In this research, an attempt has been made to study on effectiveness of grouting materials on seepage reduction. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the efficiency of current available grouting materials and techniques from construction, environmental and economical point of view. The seepage reduction usually accomplished by either chemical grouting or cementious grouting using ultrafine cement. In addition, the study shows a comparison between using grouting materials according to their degree of permeability reduction and cost. The comparison is made based on achieving a permeability reduction up to 10-7 m/Sec. The application of seepage reduction is based on the permeation grouting using grout curtain installation. The computer program (SEEP/W) is employed to model of dam rested on the sandy soil, using grout curtain to reduce seepage quantity and hydraulic gradient by different grouting materials. This analysis focuses on defining the best material for seepage control from the economical, installation, environmental effect safety interest.

Arabic language differs from other languages in some features such as right-to-left writing, unfamiliar letters and sounds, using one of the letter’s forms depending on the letter’s position in a word, and attaching a diacritical mark to a letter to show how it is pronounced. It is important to provide a new transcription that follows Arabic direction and to help non-Arabic speakers to locate the letters corresponding to Arabic letters and their attached diacritical marks to read them. We invented a new transcription system for Arabic in which we transcribed every Arabic unit (an Arabic letter with an attached diacritical mark) by an English unit (an uppercase with a lowercase letter); we reversed the images of all English units horizontally. The new reversed transcription matches the direction of the Arabic writing. Our main aim is to apply this transcription in our new Arabic e-learning system as an on-demand support which let the learners read Arabic text itself at their own pace. This paper shows how our reversed image transcription works, especially for the beginners.

Prion diseases are neurodegenerative diseases that have incubation period. Five prion diseases are recognized they are kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), variant CJD, Gerstmann-straussler Scheinker syndrome (GSS) and fatal familial insomnia1. Among all these disease, CJD accounts for 90% of all prion disease. One case of CJD occurs among 1,000,000 populations per year. It is such a rare presentation. Dementia and myoclonus are the most common presenting condition of CJD. This is a rare case report of a patient who had a rare clinical presentation, and finally it was diagnosed to be a case of CJD.

For analytic function , in the open disk , an integral operator is introduced. In this paper we obtain the conditions of the univalence for the integral operator .

Privacy is a critical issue when the patient message storage or processing to the medical services. Digital Image processing is the quick emerging area of medical science. The improvement of image processing was given by the technology improvement like digital visualizing, computer processor and large storage devices. Image processing allowed to compute the image in multidimensional within the system. First, the real problem becomes many severe due to the decrease of visual proofs in telehealth applications. A watermark is a protect message that message hidden into a mask message. Digital image watermarks are used for check the approval of the carrier signal for confirmation of the owners. In order to give information honesty, confidentiality and authentication various approaches are accessible like networking side cryptography, image processing side steganography and digital watermarking. To protect the patient message in telehealth, hidden into a mask message is recently used. Patient details are watermark within the cover medical image. The public and personal key cryptography (PPC) is insufficient for providing the trust a patient may attain during a face-to-face service.