Nigeria industrial development over the years has been bedevilled by myriads of problems top among which is the erratic nature of electricity supply in the energy or power sector. Every successive government had promised to do something drastic to stabilize the sector in other to drive growth in the industrial sector. However, more than hundred years of amalgamation of northern and southern protectorate and 54 years after the attainment of independent in Nigeria, the Nation is plagued with chronic under development in every area of lives including poor, unreliable and epileptic electricity supply. This has no doubt affected the performance of industrial sector as an engine of growth in Nigeria and as such this paper was premised on testing empirically the impact of electricity supply on industrial and economic development in Nigeria from 1972 – 2010. To achieve this, the paper employed the Granger Causality test and the ARDL bounds test approach to cointegration proposed by Pesaran et al (2001). In order to determine the time series characteristics of variables used in the regression, the paper adopted the approach of NG and Perron (2001) modified unit root test. The Granger Causality results showed that there is a feedback causal relationship between GDP per capita and electricity supply. Unidirectional relationship is seen between capital employed and GDP per capita without a feedback effect, running from capital to GDP per capita.

The Flexural and tensile properties and Scanning electron Microscope analysis of Aramide/Onion/Glass fibers Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid composites were studied. The effect of alkali treatment of the Aramide/Onion/Glass fibers on these properties was also studied. These properties found to be higher when alkali treated glass fibers were used in the hybrid composites. The elimination of amorphous hemi-cellulose with alkali treated leading to higher crystallinity of the Aramide/ Onion/Glass fibers with alkali treatment may be responsible for these observations. The author investigated the interfacial bonding between Aramide/Onion/Glass reinforced epoxy composites. The effect of alkali treatment on the bonding between Aramide/Onion/Glass composites was also studied.

This article is aimed to prove the veracity of the sentence about the existence of matter/element of the non-eternal universe under three forms: the matter(body), spirit (mind) and imperfect cluster of elements (body-mind), through the validation of the manifestation of the matter with spiritual characteristic in non-eternal universe at first. Also, We will demonstrate that the life of the universe follows the law of motion on spirited matter, as well as show that Buddhist philosophy is dualist and dialectic.

Background: Measurement of blood glucose level and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) are widely used for long term management of diabetes and its complications. Dyslipidemia, an abnormal level of lipids in blood, is frequently associated with diabetes as a strong risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease, and its control can prevent cardiovascular complications. In this study of diabetic patients, we assessed the blood glucose level, HbA1c and estimated average glucose (eAG) to determine the correlation with lipid profiles specifically the total cholesterol(TC) and triacylglycerol(TAG).

Fly ash is very effectively used in various civil engineering projects. Fly ash is a by-product of coal burning thermal power plants plant. The quantity of coal ash produced depends upon the quality of coal and the method of burning of the coal. In India less than 20% of ash is used in the manufacture of brick, cement, concrete and other product. Sand particles are much coarser than the fly ash. Here we are using different proportion as 100%S, 80%S+20%FA, 60%S+40%FA, 40%S+60%FA, 20%S+80%FA, 100% FA. Different test like Grain size analysis Specific gravity, Standard proctor test, Permeability test, direct shear test, California Bearing Ratio test were done on different proportions. MDD increases while dry density decreases as Sand increases. Permeability decreases as fly ash content increases. CBR value decreases for both soaked and unsoaked condition as fly ash content increases.

Adequate dynamic analysis of support frame structures of mechanical equipment is necessary to ensure not only the comfort of the users, but ensure good conditions for the operation of equipment supported. Studies of dynamics structural and equipment see the difficulty performing real models. This paper conducts a performance check of the support frame structures, according to changes in their connections, considering the loads caused by rotating machinery and compared with the limits of displacements of the structures established by standards of equipment and structures. The use of a computational numerical model that represents the most real way possible system to be analyzed is required. This article is to conduct a study establishing a practical application of dynamic loads caused by rotating equipment on supports with different connections structures using computational models with STRAP software. Models of structures with connections rigid, pinned and semi-rigid, will be made, applying loads of rotating machines and viewing which support base has the best performance in relation structure versus dynamic loading in accordance with connections.

Understanding the magnitude and sociodemographic characteristics of OVC crisis in sub-Saharan Africa and Kenya can provide foundation for building programmes of appropriate design and scope. In analysing services provided to OVC households enrolled on intervention programmes, in Kisumu County, Kenya, Evaluative and Survey research designs were used to collect data through questionnaires, focus group discussions, and observation checklist from 384 caregivers. Six Key informant interviews were administered to directors, children officers and social workers. The study found that OVC households enrolled on both the government and Non-government programmes considered Education to be the most needed OVC service. Shelter was the least provided service with (0%) respondents enrolled on the government programme and 49(21.6%) respondents on the NGO programme reporting to have been provided with shelter. The study recommends that OVC programmes should prioritize shelter for OVC to feel safe and able to take advantage of other services provided to them.

In the field of search based software testing, genetic algorithm based testing has received a major share of attention among researchers during the last few years. Though there are advantages for this type of testing, there also exist some practical difficulties which can make this technique less attractive for software testing industry. The potential of program slicing in testing has not been fully exploited till now and the works that have explicitly demonstrated the application of slicing in testing field are rare. Our paper aims to analyze existing techniques for software testing and to introduce an approach for software testing using program slicing technique. A systematic review of genetic algorithm based works reveals that, fitness function design, population initialization and parameter settings impact the quality of solution obtained in software testing using genetic algorithm. Based on the conclusions from the existing literature, we have probed deeper about the issues in these areas. Making an unbiased review like this may help to solve these unresolved issues in genetic algorithm based software testing. In this work, we have emphasized and has given clear directions on how slicing can be used as a potential tool for practical software testing. In addition, a set of research questions have been framed, which may be answered by reviewing the study made in this work. This may help future research in this area, leading to major breakthrough in software testing field.

This paper aims to analyze the role of the Audit Committee (AC) in China by employing the following theoretical frameworks: managerial hegemony theory to examine whether ACs in China serve as a mere “rubber stamp”; the origin of agency theory to determine whether ACs are supported by the separation of ownership and control to act as overseers and supervisors; and to use resource dependence theory to assess whether ACs provide added value by acting as consultants and trainers in China. Telephone interviews surveying 330 listed companies in China yielded 61 interviews, and the research results reveal that the AC’s role supports both the resource dependency and agency theories but conflicts with managerial hegemony theory.

Spontaneous rupture of the kidney is a disruption of the renal parenchyma or the collecting system without significant trauma. It may lead to the formation of subcapsular or retroperitoneal hematomas. We present a case of spontaneous rupture of left kidney, with massive retroperitoneal hematoma caused by multiple simple renal cysts.