Introducción: El Fibroadenoma es el tumor benigno más común de la glándula mamaria femenina y está conformado por tejido fibroso y glandular, la mayoría de ellos se presentan en glándulas mamarias tópicas sin embargo un número muy escaso de ellos se desarrollan en glándulas mamarias de localización ectópicas que resultan por alteraciones del desarrollo a lo largo de las líneas mamarias embrionarias. Objetivo: Presentar un caso clínico de fibroadenoma en glándula mamaría axilar ante la comunidad científica, teniendo en cuenta su poca frecuencia. Métodos: Revisión de literatura, presentación de historia clínica completa con estudios de anatomía patológica, análisis de los resultados y conclusiones. Resultados: Confirmación mediante estudios de anatomía patológica de un fibroadenoma intracanalicular, en una glándula mamaría Axilar. Conclusiones: Ante una masa de localización axilar es indispensable elaborar una historia clínica detallada, con estudios complementarios de imágenes diagnósticas y de anatomía patológica que permita ofrecer un tratamiento específico.

David Korten, in his book ‘The Great Turning from Empire to Earth Community’ (2006), presents a well-researched summary of human socio-cultural history over the past 10,000 or so years. Before 3000 BC, he argues, human society was organized on the basis of relationships in a form of social organization he terms "Earth Community". Human needs and values were paramount; cooperation was the basic principal of interaction; the earth was respected, and the needs the individual were humanely balanced with the needs of the group. Before Empire, spiritually, gods were generally female, representing the givers of life and sustenance. In human society, women enjoyed a status of full participation, with a voice in all family and village affairs. However, in different periods of empire, women’s egalitarian status transformed and was lost to patriarchal male domination. To eradicate injustice, inequality and exploitation from society, it is important to revive the earth community in order to restore justice and equality in the contemporary society. Significance of the book review: This book creates new knowledge, thoughts and strategies that inspire people to organize them against exploiting empires and to develop partnerships among marginalised people for their well-being in the community. It tells us how to use human potential for creative cooperation and share resources for the creation of community-driven economies that are green, smart, and promote the well-being of all people. This book review promotes a bio-diverse green economy and green women development based on Korten’s ‘Earth Community’ approach. The reviewer of this book thinks this book summary and review provide readers with a synopsis of the book and share David Korten’s ‘Earth Community’ features that might help researchers think and find out ways of making better altruistic community life in the contemporary world.

Detection of the heartbeat rate and/or respiration rate are very important for most radar based applications like lie-detection, life-detection etc. The prediction of signal losses is a fundamental aspect in the design of ultra wide-band radars. The effect of body tissues surrounding the heart is important in the design of a radar system used for heartbeat detection. The broad variety of tissues and their frequency dependent behavior makes accurate attenuation prediction very difficult without the support of an appropriate model. In this paper, two frequency dependent planar electromagnetic models viz. intrinsic impedance model (a classical model) and impedance transformation model, both incorporating dispersive dielectric properties are discussed. Signal attenuations in both models are estimated and compared. This estimation can be helpful in the design of an ultra wideband (UWB) radar system meant for cardio-pulmonary activity related applications.

The experience of the use of bituminous concrete upstream facing is presented in Algeria in the four big dams: Ghrib (1926-1938), Bouhnifia (1930-1941), Sarno (1947-1954) and Ighil Emda, The problem posed in the aroused dams is especially delicate because of the instability of the mask which could become precarious to the temperature. Therefore it was covered with a thermal protection, which demands a periodic renovation. This solution was very expensive. To avoid these costs, one tried to test the stability of the mask without the thermal protection. One prepared a reduced sample of the mask of bouhnifia dam. Then, one put this sample on an inclined facing of 1/1 (slope of the dam); and maintained it in an oven during more than 48 hours under a temperature of 70 C°. This experience permitted to determine that the sample kept its initial shape. The gotten results confirmed that the mask of the Bouhnifia dam can resist the action of the temperature without the necessity of the thermal protection.

Today in the real time world, transport plays the major role in the human’s life. The transport may be air, train, road, either by any one of the following ways. But according to our survey analysis for long distance communication people prefer rail transport when compared to air and road. The reason for that because rail transport is sophicated way to travel. So all kinds of people prefer rail transport only. So for those people we have to give the safety journey. Now-a-days the accidents are occurs in the railways perioadically. The accidents means it can occurs in detection, collision, bomb disaster and fire in the compartments. Out of all the parameters we are going to discuss about fire safety system alone. Fire safety system (FSS) can be implemented through automation techniques. The parameters and analysis is allowed for only Indian railway networks alone.

In the present study, we have proposed a class of ratio-cum-product estimators for estimating finite population mean of the study variable in two phase sampling. The bias and mean square error of the proposed estimator have been obtained. The asymptotically optimum estimator (AOE) in this class has also been identified along with its approximate bias and mean square error. Comparison of the proposed class of estimators with other estimators is also worked out theoretically to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed estimator over the other estimators.

The globalisation trends of society have taken centre stage meaning that people around the world are required to develop high level but low cost technologies and innovative competencies in order to enhance social development. In the field of higher education, university managers need to join the technological revolution by adopting low cost ICT and E-learning facilities. This paper examines the role of E-learning in university effectiveness. With the impact of globalisation, universities have become competitive in terms of providing quality and flexible educational services. Creating an enduring vision and a strategic implementation framework to implement technological innovations and E-learning seems critical. The demand for skilled workforce, with technological to cope with the ever-changing responsibilities at the work place, warrants universities to adjust their teaching strategies beyond face-to-face instruction in class.

Breast lump is a common finding in surgical practice. The breast lump so presented should accurately diagnose in order to initiate the treatment early. In order to study the efficacy of FNAC, this study was undertaken in Outpatient department. A total of 150 patients attending the outpatient department were chosen as study sample. The sample for FNAC was obtained by using ultrasound guided needle aspiration and the tissue excised was sent to histopathological examination. The mean age group of women in this study was 34.98 years and majority of the women were aged 21 – 30 years. More than half of the women in this study had lump measuring 1 – 3 × 1 - 3 cms. In this study, 21.3% of the breast lumps were due to benign breast disease, 56.7% of the women had fibroadenoma of the breast, 14.7% had suspicious malignancy and 7.3% had features suggestive of malignancy on FNAC examination. The comparison of FNAC findings with histopathology had shown that 17.3% of the patients who were diagnosed as benign breast disease had fibro adenoma on histopathology, 12% with suspicious malignancy turned out as invasive duct carcinoma.

Ontology is a shared conceptualization of knowledge representation of particular domain. These are used for the enhancement of semantic information explicitly. It is considered as a key element in semantic web development. Creation of global web data sources is impossible because of the dynamic nature of the web. Ontology Interoperability provides the reusability of ontologies. Different domain experts and ontology engineers create different ontologies for the same or similar domain depending on their data modeling requirements. These cause ontology heterogeneity and inconsistency problems. For more better and precise results ontology mapping is the solution. As their use has increased, providing means of resolving semantic differences has also become very important. Papers on ontology interoperability report the results on different frameworks and this makes their comparison almost impossible. Therefore, the main focus of this paper will be on providing some basics of ontology interoperability and briefly introducing its different approaches. In this paper we survey the approaches that have been proposed for providing interoperability among domain ontologies and its related techniques and tools.

This paper examines the causal relationship betweencarbon( 2 CO )emissionsandeconomicgrowthinsevenSAARCcountriesusingtimeseriesdatafortheperiodfrom1972-2012.WeappliedVectorErrorCorrectionModeling(VECM) approach. We have also applied Augmented DickeyFuller(ADF)andPhillips-Perron(P.P)testandJohansen’scointegrationapproachtochecktimeseriespropertiesandcointegrationrelationshipofthevariables.Resultsexhibitacointegration relationship between environmental pollution andeconomicgrowth.Resultsalsoshowthattheestimatedcoefficients of2 CO emissions have positive and significantimpactsonGDPinthelongrun.Theseresultswillhelptheenvironmentalauthoritiestounderstandtheeffectsofeconomic growth on environment for degradation and managethe environmental problems using macroeconomic methods.