Physical movement might be acknowledged a method of precaution consideration for long term health. As such, opportunities for physical action such or thought to be swayed and activity to advertise physical movement is a fundamental part of long lasting health habits. This relates ought to be contemplating for future look into, as well as for strategy proposals. Systems focusing on young ladies, young people, and youngsters of less knowledgeable and single folks may be especially important for increased games cooperation in children. However, one must be careful in summing up the present comes about to all kids.

This paper deals with optimal discounted portfolio, expected wealth and strategic consumption process for a defined contribution (DC) pension scheme. The aims of this paper are to find: the optimal discounted portfolio and optimal discounted consumption choice to be adopted by the pension plan member (PPM) up to retirement period; the expected discounted wealth and variance of the expected wealth for the plan member. The financial market is composed by a riskless and a risky assets, and the effective salary of the plan member is assume to be stochastic. The expected discounted wealth and its variance are obtained. The discounted portfolio and consumption processes of the plan member are obtained. It is find that part of the discounted portfolio value is proportional to the ratio of the present value of the discounted expected future contributions to the optimal discounted wealth value overtime. It is also find that there is the need for gradual transfer of part of the portfolio value in risky asset to the riskless one against unforeseen shocks.

Shrines of the Sufi saints are the signs of Peace, Harmony, Tolerance and sympathy. Today’s peoples have great faith on Sultans (peers) and come on the shrines for making woves. Come on shrines and making woves have become an important part of the social life of the people. Not only Muslims but also non-Muslims came on shrines and follow the teachings of the Sufis in every sphere of life. Female came on shrines in great numbers than male because they have great belief on woves and follow the teachings of the predecessors (peers) blindly. Fake peers are also found in great numbers and they deceive people through different ways. It has become an important issue in our society and increasing with the passage of time. On the other hand, people have become materialistic and leave religious values. They are accepting wrong beliefs, values and teachings which presented by the fake religious leaders and predecessors of the Sufis shrines. Therefore, present research study wasconducted in sociology. Present study was conducted in district Jhang on the shrines of Sultan’s Sufi Saints. For this purpose five Sultan’s Sufi Saints shrines were selected.Sufi Saint’s played a vital role in the preaching of Islam in Jhang. People of Jhang were and are very rigid in their traditions and culture. Sufi Saints preached Islam here with love and through miracles. They were true representer of Islamic teachings and Holy Prophet (PBUH) teachings.

Recent studies affirm that academic women are a minority, have slow career growth compared to their male colleagues and almost invisible in leadership positions, therefore excluded from power structure. These have been attributed to culture, socialisation, conditioning and self-perception of the women themselves. However, differential psycho-social factors predicting female academics’ career in Nigerian Universities are yet to be examined. This study, therefore, affirmed the efficacy or otherwise of differential psycho-social predictors of female academics’ career growth and leadership positions in universities in South-West Nigeria. This research adopted a descriptive survey research design of the ex-post facto type. Multistage sampling involving purposive and stratified random techniques were used to select 587 respondents from six Universities in South-West Nigeria. Five hundred and thirty eight Female Academics from Graduate Assistant to Professor, three hundred male academics, (senior lecturers) sixty members of appointment and promotion committee participated in the study. Female Academics Psychological Questionnaire (R=0.82), Social Factors Questionnaire (R=0.87), Female Academics Career Growth Questionnaire (R=0.79) and Female Academics Leadership Questionnaire (r=0.84) were used for data collection. Twelve research questions were answered. Data were analysed using multiple regression.

The study aims at evaluating performance of prime bank. Data of the bank is analyzed using capital adequacy ratio, debt equity ratio and advance to asset ratio for the period 2008 to 2012. The study finds, though high debt equity ratio bank maintains capital above regulatory requirement. This will help the researcher and bank to further improvement in capital adequacy to meet regulatory requirement and enhance bank performance.

Linguistic alienation is a wall, which separates the African elite away from their fellow African brothers and sisters. This gap is what we intend to break because it is a kind of cultural alienation, which hinders development in all its ramifications. Our search light in this paper is on cultural and political segregations in Sembène Ousmane’s Xala. We demonstrate that El Hadji Kader Beye, the chief character in the story represents the Senegalese elite in a post-colonial setting while the beggars stand-in for the oppressed masses, who are more than 80% of the country’s population. The oppressed make themselves relevant in the scheme of societal affairs by being the ones that have solution to the xala, a disease of impotence which the protagonist in the story suffers. The spitting act becomes a form of freedom of speech to voice out their mind; especially by showing their displeasure over an exploitative system in the perceived new dispensation. As its purpose, the paper validates the fact that art and society are two interlocking entities. Hanged on sociological criticism, the paper ends with a warning that Africans in general should see the embracement of their culture particularly language as the root of durable and sustainable developments.

HIV testing among patients with tuberculosis is critical to preventing missed diagnosis of HIV, improving morbidity and mortality and ensuring continuum of care for HIV-TB co-infected patients. The objective was to determine the HIV test uptake and assess sexual risk behaviour among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis attending DOTS clinic in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. The study also determined the HIV sero-prevalence and evaluated the HIV-TB co-infection pattern among these patients. Routine HIV counseling and testing was offered to consecutive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis attending DOTS clinic between January 2008 and December 2010. Those who accepted to be tested and also consented to the study were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. A total of 301 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were seen in the DOTS clinic between January 2008 and December 2010. Two hundred and fifty two (83.74%) were tested for HIV and 19.84% of those tested were positive. Smear positive and smear negative patients were responsible for 2.78% and 17.06% of HIV prevalence respectively. 38.8%, 21.7% and 0% missed HIV test in 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively. Only 30% of the patients used condom with sexual partners and 25% reported having multiple sexual partners. The study showed that HIV test uptake among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was high and progressively increased from 2008 to 2010. It also revealed an HIV sero-prevalence of 19.8%. There is need to improve on the integration of HIV-TB services so that more patients with tuberculosis will access HIV counseling and testing and for effective continuum of care to reduce morbidity and mortality among those co-infected.

Social science and humanities view computermediated communication (CMC) as a hub for information dissemination. The development and diffusion of CMC can be divided into three phases: pre-Internet CMC (beginning in the 1980), Internet-focused CMC (roughly 1994 to date) and social-software-supported CMC (beginning around 2002). Email, online collaborative learning, and blogs (representing, respectively, pre-Internet, Internet-focused, and socialsoftware- supported CMC) are three modes frequently studied in assessing asynchronous CMC. The current stage of CMC (social-software supported CMC) provides opportunities for research to investigate artifacts in newer domains such as YouTube, Facebook, and Flickr.

We clarify as to how a precession period appears in the analysis of periodic phenomenon in Astrophysics. The observed redshift that is related to this phenomenon is shown to be 2a/V = 2 / T, where ‘a’ is the relative acceleration between the emitter and receiver and ‘V’ the relative transverse velocity. We find that the Hubble relation can equally well be a consequence of galaxies rotating differentially around a common center of mass. It is shown that New-tonian mechanics can account for all major anamolies quoted against it when space-time relationship involving acceleration is properly taken into account.

This study examines the development and the implementation of the Malay medium of instruction policy in the Malaysian educational system and the relation of this policy to Fishman’s model and a multilingual society. The study uses interviews with persons directly involved in the process of education in Malaysia and examines a number of scholarly publications and other primary sources of information. Historical study is chosen as the research design. As a plural society, Malaysia considers nation building or national integration (Ibrahim, 1986) as being of the utmost importance. Fishman (1968) developed the concept of nationalist-nationist functions of language in nation building. Since independence, the Malaysian leadership has believed that education is critical for national integration. It is generally believed that schools inculcate children with values and knowledge that are supportive of a national ideology. The present study focuses on the process of developing and implementing the Malay medium of instruction policy in Malaysia. The performance of Malay-medium of instruction universities (National University of Malaysia, UTM and UPM) at the post-graduate level is impressive. These universities have proven their ability to get Master’s and Ph.D degree holders and medical specialists from overseas and local universities. There have been thousands of Malay-language theses in science from public universities after 1990, which indirectly shows that the Malay language can be used in education in a manner that is world class.