Artificial neural networks (ANNs) consists of computational neurons or processing elements are linear mathematical model which abstract away the complex biological model and its aim is good, human like predictive ability. Artificial intelligence tries to simulate some properties of biological neural networks. In this study on the basis of previous dataset the in symptoms data are applied to a supervised back propagation artificial neural network learning process to find out the predictive outcome which is better than logistic regression (LR) process. As in most cases ANN is an adaptive system that changes its structure on the basis of internal and external information, the predictive result is more accurate than any other processes.

Condensate recovery systems help us reduce three tangible costs of producing steam: • Fuel/energy costs • Boiler water make-up and sewage treatment • Boiler water chemical treatment The amount of steam generated and the condensate recovered was calculated for the plant. These values were used to find out the Condensate Recovery Factor (CRF) which can be defined as the ratio of the amount of condensate recovered to the amount of steam generated. This paper concentrates on the condensate recovery factor calculation of a Distilled Fatty Acid (DFA) Plant and its improvement by suggesting various methods.

Figure of merit along with low cost and easy availability are considered the important parameters of a thermoelectric material for its suitability and efficiency. This paper reports figure of merit for some common thermocouples as a function of thermal and electrical conductivity of thermoelectric materials in the high temperature range. The five different thermocouples are studied in normal mode (without any applied electric or magnetic field) for the generation of thermo emf and then the figure of merit is calculated. Finally, theoretical and experimental results are compared in the temperature range from 300-630 K.

Tooth fusion is one of the rare anomalies of the shape of the tooth. It is due to the union of two separate tooth germs. Tooth fusion and gemination in mandibular primary teeth has very little documentation in Indian population. These conditions requires a minimal intervention approach, preventive procedures, and a long-term follow-up. Here we report a rare case of fusion between left mandibular primary central and lateral incisors and gemination in right primary mandibular lateral incisor in a four year old boy.

This study was designed to investigate Internet usage using factor analytic approach with principal factoring method. The principal objective of the study was to determine and identify how many latent constructs actually influence the internet usage, the underlying relationship between them. Data were collected from 220 Lecturers of higher institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria. A 30- item questionnaire was designed based on different purposes of internet usage. The questionnaire used Likert scale structured questions on internet usage; the questionnaire was validated and also confirmed reliable (Croubach Alpha 0.67). The findings of the study revealed that 7 factors constitute the dominant influence internal attributes on internet usage. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Lecturers in Nigerian tertiary institutions should undertake mandatory training and retraining on ICT programmes to provide them with practical and functional knowledge of computer, internet and associated area of ICT with the hope of integrating it with the curriculum and instructional methods/strategies in teachinglearning process.

This paper portrays lives and livelihoods scenario of female associated with ruralurban migration in Bangladesh. The techniques deplored are the interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) methods in collecting data. Internal migration of female has been increased with complexity. This micro level study finds that possible female migrants are enticed, in many cases, with promises of a better life and dream in cities due to lack of information. They are deprived from rights and entitlements; whatever engaged in formal or informal employment. But evidence pointing that voice of female workers is comparatively loud where protection framework exists. This paper urges to take collaborative initiative by stakeholders for developing and disseminating standardized information. Information will help female migrants to be informed and decision making. In concluding this paper, it is recommended that the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) should develop a comprehensive national policy immediately on rural-urban migration; and gradually include informal employment under protection framework.

By extending the deterrence theory to national level, the current study tested the hypothesis that ineffective government is largely responsible for higher homicide rate in a nation. The homicide data required for the test were collected from the World Health Organization and the information on governance from the World Bank’s World Governance Indicators for 122 nations. The results from the regression models supported the deterrence theory. An ineffective and dysfunctional government was one of the primary sources for a nation’s high homicide rate. Also, other control variables, such as relative poverty and ethnic heterogeneity, were positively related to the homicide rate in a nation.

Optical fiber communication is the best for transmitting data at a high rate. While the fiber channel may be capable of transmitting terabit-per-second data rates, no existing single communication system can make complete use of this speed. Optical fibers in discussion that guide signals in the form of light are typically made of from two glasses. It is a cylindrical in shape waveguide consisting of a higher refractive index solid glass core which runs down middle of the fiber. The other solid glass with a lower refractive index surrounds the core and makes the homogeneous cladding. The two glasses are made of from the common material silica. Photonic crystal fibers can be divided into two modes of operation, according to their mechanism for confinement. Alternatively, one can create a photonic band gap fiber, in which the light is confined by a photonic band gap created by the micro structured cladding – such a band gap, properly designed, can confine light in a lower-index. Here, four wave mixing technique provides operational flexibility.

This paper examines patterns and differentials of birth intervals of ever married women in Bangladesh. The study utilizes the data extracted from the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). Multivariate Proportional Hazard analysis reflects that respondents’ education, region of residence, working status of the respondents, age at first marriage, spousal age difference, contraceptive use and body mass index are found to be significantly associated with first birth interval. Among the variables considered in the study, religion of the respondents and sex of the previous child have shown significant association with second birth interval only. Moreover, survival status of previous child is found to have a highly significant influence on second and subsequent birth intervals.

In the recent past, in many developing countries a good deal of research has been carried to solve the problems of ‘large basins’ whereas not much has been done with regard to the hydrologic problems of small watersheds. Small watersheds to play important roles e.g. a village pond catered by its own small watershed; in hilly watersheds, the generated runoff causes flash flood, resulting into disruptions of communication lines etc. Therefore, it is necessary to look into these aspects of the hydrologic problems with greater attention. The hydrologic responses of a small watershed depend upon the mechanics of surface runoff, which is primarily a nonlinear process. We have discussed the sensitivity of physiographic parameters through lumped kinematics wave models and found that the overland roughness and overland slope are more sensitive than other physiographic parameters of overland and channel flows. Appropriate discussions of results and conclusions as arrived at in different parts have been summarized.