A prospection of Andalusian Mediterranean vineyards was carried out in search of the traditional Almuñécar grapevine, used to produce raisins of quality. An ampelographical description and a genetic characterization, using 20 nuclear microsatellite loci, showed that this cultivar constitutes a clone of Muscat of Alexandria. In reference to biotic stress, this cultivar has a high sensibility to powdery and downy mildews and medium sensibility to the grapevine pathogen Botrytis cinerea. At the present time, it constitutes a relic cultivar due to different sanitary and economical causes analyzed in the text.

The aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of an intuitionistic M - fuzzy metric space with property ‘E’ and prove common fixed point theorem for eight weakly compatible mappings in intuitionistic M - fuzzy metric space with property ‘E’.

The water distribution problem of the Mexican Valley is modeled as a three-person no uncooperative Game in which agriculture, industry, and domestic water users are the players and the total water Amounts supplied to the users are the payoff functions. The equilibrium is determined by solving a nonlinear optimization problem, which can be derived based on the Kuhn-Tucker necessary Conditions. All constraints are linear and the objective function is quadratic, so standard solution Algorithm and software can be used.

The study examined perceived effects of climate change on grazing land, herds’ performance and examined the coping strategies of the pastoralists to climate change. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents for the study. Data were analyzed using percentages, frequencies, tables and Chi square statistical tools. The result of the study showed that 37.5% of the respondents were between the ages of 51-60 years with an average age of 49.8 years. The results revealed that 67.5% of the pastoralists strongly agreed that the pattern of rainfall in recent time affects pasture availability. Consequently 47.5% and 52.5% of them reported a decrease in milk production and increase in herd’s mortality rate respectively due to the effect of climate change. A significance relationship was established between factors of climate change and milk production of the herd (calculated x2 = 52.00, tabulated x2=7.8147. p≤0.05). It is therefore recommended that the pastoralists be trained in forage conservation techniques. They should also be encouraged to pool their resources to enjoy economics of scale by the extension workers. Grazing reserves should be developed by the government to fast track the disposition of the pastoralists to sedentary life.

condensation of 3-Aldehydosalicylic acid with equimolar quantities of 2-Amino-5-methyl pyridine, 4-Amino-5- phenyl-3-mercapto-[1,2,4] -Triazole, 4-Amino-3-methyl-5- mercapto-Triazole, 7-Amino-4-ethyl Coumarin forming 2-(5- methyl pyridine-2-yl amino)-methyl-2-hydroxy-Benzoic acid (Scheme 1), 3-[(3-phenyl-5-mercapto-[1,2,4] triazole-4-yl amino)-methyl] -2-hydroxy-Benzoic acid (Scheme 4), 3-[(3- methyl-5-mercapto-[1,2.4] triazoile-4-yl amino)-methyl]-2- hydroxy-Benzoic acid (Scheme 7), 3-[(4-Ethyl-Coumarin-7-yl amino)-methyl] -2-hydroxy-Benzoic acid (Scheme 11). The coordination complexes of metal ions like Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cd(II) with the Schiff base ligands

HIV/AIDS is spread through high risk behaviors, fishing communities are among the social groups that are most vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection because of their lifestyle and the way they conduct their fishing activities. The objective is to examine sexual behavioral practices of fisher folk and HIV/AIDS vulnerability profile in the fisheries sector of Kainji Lake Basin. A two- stage random sampling procedure was used to select 400 respondents for this study. Kainji Lake Basin was stratified into eight strata based on Kainji Lake Management and Conservation Unit (KLMCU) classification. The data were subjected to descriptive, and Mann Whitney U. The findings revealed that only 28.3% of the respondents agreed that they became sexually active between ages between 10 –15. 53.9% had two or more sexual partners. Only 7.0% of the respondents said they have had extra marital sex. 20.2% of the respondents said condom can be accessed in their community. Only 6.5% had use condom in the past 12 months. Mann Whitney values on the significant relationship in the knowledge of sexually transmitted infection across gender of respondents are abstinence for sex, condom use, faithfulness, limited number of sexual partners, avoid sex with prostitute, support for HIV/AIDS were found to have significant influence. 14.0% of the respondents admitted that some cases of HIV/AIDS infection has been around the communities. The study made recommendations to addressing HIV/AIDS in the area.

Plant life community structure is a key marker of long-term vegetation change in semi-arid ecosystems. In the present investigation overall 11 plant communities were recorded during summer in plains. The number of plant species differ in different communities. As a whole in plains the Cenchrus-Zizyphus-Saccharum community was developed and composed of 32 species. There were 6 tree, 7 shrub and 19 herb species. The Importance value contributed by three dominants species i.e. Cenchrus biflorus, Zizyphus maurtiana and Saccharum bengalense was 79.5 while total importance value of 220.5 was provided by the remaining species. The contribution by tree was 50.6, shrubs (IV = 62.06) and herbs (IV = 187.3). The soil of the area had better calcium carbonate in the range of (12.3 – 12.7 %), with soil pH (6.06 – 8.13). The concentrations of P and K content were found in the range of (3.64-3.86 mg Kg-1) and (112-127 mg Kg-1). The EC was found in the range of (0.15-0.21 dS m-1). The soil texture was found from sandy clay to sandy clay loam. These results emphasize the continuous need for long-term ground-based ecological monitoring in conjunction with satellite-based monitoring of changes in plant life cover.

Plant life community structure is a key marker of long-term vegetation change in semi-arid ecosystems. In the present investigation overall 11 plant communities were recorded during summer. The number of plant species differs in different communities. As a whole in plains the Cenchrus-Zizyphus- Saccharum community was developed and composed of 36 species. There were 9 tree, 12 shrub and 15 herb species. The importance value contributed by three dominants species i.e., Zizyphus maurtiana, Aerua persica and Rhazya stricta was 63.34 while total importance value of 236.66 was provided by the remaining species. The contribution by tree was 47.76, shrubs (IV = 82.05) and herbs (IV = 170.20). The soil of the area had better calcium carbonate in the range of (12.3 – 12.7 %), with soil pH (6.06 – 8.13). The concentrations of P and K content were found in the range of (3.64-3.86 mg Kg-1) and (112-127 mg Kg-1). The EC was found in the range of (0.15-0.21 dS m-1). The soil texture was found from sandy clay to sandy clay loam. These results emphasize the continuous need for long-term ground-based ecological monitoring in conjunction with satellite-based monitoring of changes in plant life cover.

The study assessed constraints to increased layers production among small-scale poultry farmers in Ibadan Area of Oyo State Nigeria. Data were collected using a multistage sampling technique to select 120 small-scale poultry farmers. Descriptive statistics (frequencies counts, percentages) were used to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents. Correlation analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The Result shows that the mean age of the respondents was 48 years and majority (77.5%) of the farmers had higher education. Majority of the respondents (73%) practiced sweeping and packing of dirt in the poultry house as the daily routine management on their farms. The major constraint faced by the respondents was disease and pest attack (76.7%) followed by difficulty in credit and loan procurement processes (73.3%). Correlation analysis showed that there was significant relationship between income from sale of egg, number of birds raised and constraints to increased layers production among the small-scale poultry farmers (r = 0.016, 0.014 P<0.05).The study therefore recommends that Government should tackle the problem of loan/credit procurement, market price instability, disease and pest as well as proper funding of small-scale layers poultry business so as to enhance the commercialization of poultry industry in Nigeria

In this communucations, the concept of semirelib cutvertex graph of a planar graph is introduced. We presen a characterization of those graphs whose semirelib cutvertex graphs are planar, outer planar, eulerian, hamiltonian with crossing number one.