Texton is a extensively applied approach for texture analysis. This technique shows a strong dependence on certain number of parameters. Unfortunately, each variation of values of any parameter may affect the texture characterization performance. Moreover, micro structure texton is unable to extract texture features which also have a negative effect on the classification task. This paper, deals with a new descriptor which avoids the drawbacks mentioned above. To address the above, the present paper derives a new descriptor called Fuzzy Based Texton Binary Shape Matrix (FTBSM) for clear variation of any feature/parameter. The proposed FTBSM are defined based on similarity of neighboring edges on a 3×3 neighborhood. With micro-structures serving as a bridge for extracting shape features and it effectively integrates color, texture and shape component information as a whole for texture classification. The proposed FTBSM algorithm exhibits low dimensionality. The proposed FTBSM method is tested on Vistex and Akarmarble texture datasets of natural images. The results demonstrate that it is much more efficient and effective than representative feature descriptors, such as logical operators and GLCM and LBP, for texture classification.

The proliferation of XML based web services in the IT industry not only gives rise to opportunities but challenges too. Namely the challenges of security and a standard way of maintaining it across domains and organisational boundaries. OASIS, W3C and other organisations have done some great work in bringing about this synergy. What I look in this paper are some of the more popular standards in vogue today and clubbed under WS-* specification. I will try to give an overview of various frameworks and protocols being used to keep webservices secure. Some of the major protocols looked into are WS-Security, SAML, WS-Federation, WS-Trust, XMLEncryption and Signature. This paper will give you a brief introduction to impact of using WS-* on time complexity due to the extra load of encrypting and certificates. Windows communication foundation (WCF) is one of the best designed toolset for this though WCF is not the topic of discussion in this paper.

While the scientific world blames the severity of climate risk factors on climate change, the assessment of its effects on a rural household remains understudied. The objective of this study is to assess climate risk factors on rural households that practices small-scale agriculture with the aim of improving the incomes of farming households. The paper used cross-sectional data from a sample of 253 respondents who represented households that were based in the flood prone areas of the Caprivi region. Invoking a multivariate regression model revealed that climate risk factors especially flood exacerbates the opportunity cost for obtaining a good harvest and thus exposed farming households to income risk and food insecurity. In view of these findings, old age pension and retirement annuities, the value of livestock and that of food aid proved vital to the income and food security needs of rural households in the study area. Investing in early warning systems and publicizing likely climate risk scenarios may be helpful to rural households in preparing to secure their income sources and thus reducing chances of hunger.

The intention of this article is to set up the need of ethics and the postulation of social responsibility by productions in the marketing region. The objective vary from the assessment of the current and up-and-coming ethical alarms, the explanation of certain models of real life exemplifying those apprehensions and the impact they have on individual consumers and the whole society. The analysis show most of the companies do not follow ethical means such as tobacco manufacturers; for this, there should be some new set of rules and regulations that must be followed by the industries for the wellbeing of consumers and society. Thus, there is an urgent need to follow certain paths that rely on good intentions and ethics to prosper the society and social values. This article also indicates all those factors that lead towards the unethical advertisement and manufacturing of different hazardous products.

The global environment of business has become exceedingly complex as more and more corporations and private entrepreneurs compete to expand their market-share and differentiate their brands in the world marketplace.Globalization has increased consumer awareness, created new demands and standards, and made nations more interdependent.It is now imperative that businesses in different countries increase their sensitivity and respect for one another’s cultural differences in order to benefit from the growth of international business in the twenty- first century. Studies indicate that effective cross-cultural management, communication, and negotiations should be emphasized by high-growth multinational corporations competing for global expansion.Corporations that have embraced appropriate acculturation strategies, employed effective cultural awareness model, and avoided ethnocentric management style in their expansion and growth efforts have been successful.Other studies identified the major causes of the demise of global business ventures, citing their managers’ lack of intercultural skills, failure to engage in cross-cultural exchange, inability to communicate effectively in the global marketplace, unacceptable practice of business ethics and etiquette, and absence of compromise agreement. Global managers should establish cross-cultural training in their facilities in order to increase effectiveness across cultures, become efficient cross-cultural negotiators, and sensitize to the values of counterparts. This study provides an analytical framework and recommendations for adaptation of multinational management strategies for sustainable business competitiveness in the current wake of global economy.

Problem Statement : Oil exploration and exploitation has been on-going for several decades in the Niger Delta. It has had disastrous impacts on the environment in the region and has adversely affected people inhabiting that region. The Niger Delta consist of diverse ecosystems of mangrove swamps, fresh water swamps, rain forest and is the largest wetland in Africa and among the ten most important wetland and marine ecosystems in the world, but due to oil pollution the area is now characterized by contaminated streams and rivers, forest destruction and biodiversity loss in general the area is an ecological wasteland. This affects the livelihood of the indigenous people who depend on the ecosystem services for survival leading to increased poverty and displacement of people. The oil industry located within this region has contributed immensely to the growth and development of the country which is a fact that cannot be disputed but unsustainable oil exploration activities has rendered the Niger Delta region one of the five most severely petroleum damaged ecosystems in the world. Studies have shown that the quantity of oil spilled over 50 years was a least 9-13 million barrels, which is equivalent to 50 Exxon Valdez spills.

The main focus of this study is to analyze the effects of gas flaring and oil spillage on surface water used for domestic purpose in Okpai and Beneku area, Delta State Nigeria. Surface water samples were collected in the dry (December, January and February) and wet (June, July and August) seasons from Okpai (experimental site) and Beneku (control site). The water samples were analyzed for chemical, physical and biological parameters using standard procedures. The results for all the parameters analyzed showed higher variation between samples obtained from the experimental site and those of the control site which indicate possible pollution in the experimental site for instance, the pH values were 5.33 and 5.586 in the dry and wet seasons respectively for Okpa. For Beneku, the pH values were 6.82 and 6.91 in the dry and wet seasons respectively. Magnesium (2.437mg/l in the dry and 2.063mg/l in the wet recorded in samples obtained from Okpai were higher than those obtained Beneku. The presence of coliform (<2 colonies in the dry and approximately <1.67 colonies in the wet were recorded in Okpai samples.

In this research we will focus the details of the IT System and business process requirements of IT Package need to be installed at Disaster Recovery Center. This research provide details of the project requirements, which are to be met by the applications and interfaces required within Disaster Recover Center between different hardware and software systems. The objective of this research includes the design and development of Disaster Recovery Center architecture, hardware availability, proper installation and commissioning of all related networking equipment, storage devices and high end servers as per the current international standards.

Your Texture analysis is one of the most important techniques used in the analysis and interpretation of images, consisting of repetition or quasi repetition of some fundamental image elements. The present paper derived Fuzzy Triangular Greylevel Pattern (FTGP) to overcome the disadvantages of LBP and other local approaches. The FTGP is a 2 x 2 matrix that is derived from a 3 x 3 neighborhood matrix. The proposed FTGP scheme reduces the overall dimension of the image while preserving the significant attributes, primitives, and properties of the local texture. From each 3 x 3 matrix a Local Grey level Matrix (LGM) is formed by subtracting local neighborhoods by the gray value of its center. The 2 x 2 FTGP is generated from LGM by taking the average value of the Triangular Neighbor Pixels (TNP) of the 3 x 3 LGM. A fuzzy logic is applied to convert the Triangular Neighborhood Matrix (TNM) in to fuzzy patterns with 5 values {0, 1, 2, 3 and 4} instead of patterns of LBP which has two values {0, 1}. On these fuzzy patterns a set of Run Length features are evaluated for an efficient classification. The proposed method is experimented with wide variety of textures, and exhibited with a high classification rate. The proposed FTGP with run length features shown its supremacy and efficacy over the various existing methods in classification of textures.

This study aimed to introduce the statement procedures of tax from the perspective of the requirements of total quality management on income and sales in the Ministry of Finance in Jordan, and the interest of management of the Service to provide the necessary information and related management of tax and contribution documented procedures for the examination of tax in Jordan and that of its desire to improve the image in front of the public administration By seeking to increase attainment and achievement and who is at the expense of the state treasury, and it requires control over the management in each directorate by the public administration to make sure the work efficiency.