The effect of additives (Cd and Ge) on a.c conductivity and dielectric properties of Se70Te30 glassy alloy at temperature range 300 K-350 K and frequency range 1 KHz-5 MHz has been studied. Experimental results indicate that the a.c conductivity and dielectric parameters are temperature, frequency and impurity dependent. The a.c conductivity in the aforesaid frequency range is found to obey the ωs law. A strong dependence of a.c conductivity and exponent s in the entire temperature and frequency range contradicts quantum-mechanical tunneling (QMT) model and can be interpreted in terms of the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model .The temperature and frequency dependence of the dielectric parameters are also studied and results agrees by the theory of hopping of charge carriers over potential barrier as suggested by Elliott in chalcogenide glasses. The variation of above mentioned properties with Cd and Ge are also investigated and results are explained in terms of lone pair configuration and covalent bond character of the studied compositions.

Thin films (average thickness ~1132, 2236, and 3785 nm) of polystyrene with a hydroxyl end group, PSOH (Mw= 70345 g.mol) were supported on SiO2 monolith disks (thickness ~ 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 cm) to measure its thermal conductivity response using the Lee’s Disk method. The various analyses were carried out over a 40 minute period at intervals of 5 minutes, at a temperature range of 20 to 110°C, as a function of PSOH film and monolith disk thickness. As a result, an extremely low thermal conductivity was determined in reference to the individual materials. Additionally, the thermal conductivity was unaltered as a result of the variation of the film and monolith thickness. In contrast, the hardness and ductile behavior were increased by increasing the thickness of the PSOH film. As a result of this, monoliths with a PSOH film of 3782 nm thicknesses (and load of 100 gf) were considered materials of intermediate hardness (value of 31.5720 GPa). In addition, FTIR was the technique employed to establish the PSOH and SiO2 monolith structures.

In case of incremental inputs to an online face recognition with illumination invariant face samples which maximize the class-separation criterion but also incorporates the asymmetrical property of training data distributions. In this paper we alleviate this problem with an incremental learning algorithm to effectively adjust a boosted strong classifier with domain-partitioning weak hypotheses to online samples, which adopts a novel approach to efficient estimation of training losses received from offline samples. An illumination invariant face representation is obtained by extracting local binary pattern (LBP) features NIR images. The Ada-boost procedure is used to learn a powerful face recognition engine based on the invariant representation. We use Incremental linear discriminant analysis (ILDA), in case of sparse function for active near infrared (NIR) imaging system that is able to produce face images of good condition regardless of visible lights in the environment accuracy by changes in environmental illumination The experiments show convincing results of our incremental method on challenging face detection in extreme illuminations.

This paper explored the contemporary affirmation of the recent literature in the context of face recognition systems, a review motivated by contradictory claims in the literature. This paper shows how the relative performance of recent claims based on methodologies such as PCA and ICA, which are depend on the task statement. It then explores the space of each model acclaimed in recent literature. In the process, this paper verifies the results of many of the face recognition models in the literature, and relates them to each other and to this work.

The combustion of a solid fuel under supersonic cross flow conditions was investigated theoretically. A two-dimensional, axisymmetric, turbulent (k - Ɛ), global one step reaction model was solved numerically. Numerical simulations of the combustor geometries presenting the situations with solid fuel regression were conducted using FLUENT software. The combustor inlet airflow had a Mach number of 2, total temperature of 1200 K and total pressure of 30 atm. The HTPB fuel and a global one step reaction mechanism were used. The results of non reacting computation reveal that the airflow velocity deceases in the majority zone of combustor with the solid fuel boundary regression. The results of reacting computation reveal that the supersonic zone in the divergent section of the case gets larger than non reaction case. Combustion takes place in the vicinity of solid fuel wall.

The present study was undertaken to know the concentration of various trace elements and the condition of water quality parameters in the cave water samples besides studying the role the microbes play in the precipitation of minerals in caves. The results revealed that the concentration of various trace elements such as copper, zinc, nickel and cadmium were low and below the water quality standard limits given by WHO, 2006. While that of manganese it was exceptionally high, may be due to erosion of the manganese minerals deposits by the spring cave water. The results also revealed that phosphate is present in very low concentration while sulphate is present in high concentration which again may be due to erosion of secondary sulphate minerals. The co-relation matrices and one tailed analysis of variance of physic-chemical factors have been computed and analyzed .The positive correlation coefficient was observed between pH and alkalinity, hardness and conductivity, sulphate and turbidity. The one tailed ANOVA confirms that site spatial variations have less significant effect on concentration of trace elements. Microbial analysis showed that various types of microbes are present in cave sample which may play an important role in mineral precipitations.

The present study was carried out for assessing different type of biotic stresses in Branwar Forests of Kashmir Himalaya. The Present Study area i.e., Branwar Forest Range lies over and above famous tourist area of Yus Marg on one side and Neel Nag Forest Lake on the other side. The present investigation was carries out from April, 2010 to April, 2011. The cumulative effect of the biotic interferences was significantly seen in the reduction of vegetation cover. The present study revealed that the prominent factor for the exploitation of the vegetation cover of Branwar forest study area at herbaceous level is simply the overgrazing. The increasing disturbances not only disturb the plant species diversity, richness and evenness significantly but various plant species have got completely eliminated by different kinds of interferences like overgrazing, deforestation, hydal power production, forest fire, Stone extraction, road construction etc. The forests in the region are suffering from severe biotic stress. The forests are intimately linked with the agro-ecosystems in the mountainous areas of the Himalaya and the depletion has definite and obvious impacts on the overall socioeconomic and agricultural scenario of the entire region.

The purpose of this study was to identify appropriate samples and culture techniques on the isolation of thermophiles from automobile radiators. Water samples from these artificial environments were used for the isolation of thermophilic bacteria at 60°C and pH 7.65. Samples from Honda, Jetta and Passat (automobile vehicles) were screened for the growth of thermophilic organisms using nutrient broth medium and their turbidity were measured using spectrophotometer at 600nm. Results of this study suggest that optimal isolation rates of thermophiles from automobile radiator samples were achieved by culturing the sample on nutrient broth and agar at high temperature. Extremophilic microorganisms, especially thermophilic bacteria can facilitate the enzymatic degradation of polymeric substrates such as starch, cellulose, xylan, pectin and chitin.

During 2009 Rabi season flood of river Krishna, the cultivated area of 128 Km2 was flooded in the northern part of Karnataka catchment. The flood entirely killed the vegetations stands on the fields. After wards, the effects of the flood on the ecological properties of the soils and the conditions of agricultural production had been evaluated. A study was conducted to estimate the flood effects on heavy metals concentrations and on the nutrient status of the soils. The sediment layer left from the flood had a thickness of several mm. Boron, Molybdenum within this layer were in between proscribed values and the metal ions concentrations of Iron, Zinc , Copper, were found slightly above the prescribed limits. Thus no restriction had to be announced for food production purposes. Regarding the Major and Secondary nutrients status of the flooded soils, only the mineral Nitrogen content was substantially reduced when compared to not flooded soils. This effect could most probably be related to denitrification processes as a result of anaerobic conditions during the flood. Available Potash (K2O) and Phosphorus (P2O5) found more than the prescribed limits.

Edge detection is very important terminology in image processing and for computer vision. Edge detection is in the forefront of image processing for object detection, so it is crucial to have a good understanding of edge detection operators. In the present study, comparative analyses of different edge detection operators in image processing are presented. It has been observed from the present study that the performance of canny edge detection operator is much better then Sobel, Roberts, Prewitt, Zero crossing and LoG (Laplacian of Gaussian) in respect to the image appearance and object boundary localization. The software tool that has been used is MATLAB.