In this document, we study the result of multi hop relaying on the throughput of the downstream channel in cellular networks. In particular, we contrast the throughput of the multi hop method through that of the conventional cellular system, representing the feasible throughput development by the multi hop relaying under transitive transmission considerations. We moreover propose a hybrid control plan for the multi hop communicate, in which we activist the use of in cooperation, the straight transmission and the transitive multi hop relaying. Our study illustrates that the majority of the throughput gain can be obtained with the related of a transitive relaying scheme. Important throughput improvement could be moreover obtained by operating the simultaneous relaying transmission in conjunction with the non simultaneous transmission. We also disagree here that the multi hop relaying technology can be developed for mitigating injustice in qualityof- service (QoS), which arrive due to the location-dependent signal quality. Our outcomes demonstrate that the multi hop system can provide more even QoS over the cell district. The multi hop cellular system design can also be used as a selfconfiguring network mechanism that efficiently contains variability of traffic distribution. We have studied the throughput development for the consistent, as well as for the non uniform traffic distribution, and we conclude that the utilization of transitive relaying in cellular networks would be relatively robust to alter in the actual traffic distribution.

Email Classifiers based on Bayesian theorem have been very effective in Spam filtering due to their strong categorization ability and high precision. This paper proposes an algorithm for email classification based on Bayesian theorem. The purpose is to automatically classify mails into predefined categories. The algorithm assigns an incoming mail to its appropriate category by checking its textual contents. The experimental results depict that the proposed algorithm is reasonable and effective method for email classification.

In this article we define the sequence spaces and a sequence of moduli, p = (pk) sequence of positive reals, v = (vk) is any fixed sequence of zero complex numbers, is a fixed number, and the set ofsequences and establish some inclusion relations.

This paper strives to investigate the long-run relationship and the short-run dynamics among macroeconomic fundamentals and the stock returns of Germany and the United Kingdom. Each case was examine individually, by applying Johansen co-integration, error correction model, variance decomposition and impulse response functions, in a system incorporating the variables such as consumer price index (CPI), interest rates, exchange rates, money supply and industrial productions between the periods February 1999 to January 2011. The Johansen co-integration tests indicate that the UK and German stock returns and chosen five macroeconomic variables are co-integrated. The findings also indicate that there are both short and long run causal relationships between stock prices and macroeconomic variables. The results imply the existence of short-term adjustments and long-term dynamics for both the UK and the German stock markets returns and the certain macroeconomic fundamentals. The results of the study also indicate that the variables employed in the VARs explain some of the variation of the stock market indices, while the intensity and the magnitude of the responses are comparable for the US and the German stock markets.

This research article is intended to explore the extent to which English language has influenced the culture of the Sub-continent. The assumption that any lexical item is a product of collaborative forces like economic scenario, ethical framework, political configuration,psychological makeup and religious approach of any culture inculcates the proposition that lexicon-adoption is not a purely linguistic phenomenon. Appropriation of the cultural background of the ‘Carrier’ word by the ‘Receiving’ culture is also the consequence of this lexicon-adoption. The assertion of this premise is established by data collection through a self- administered questionnaire with a sample size of 200 people. The result amplifies the validity of the idea that language arrogation can never be seen in isolation from its cultural implications.

Population increase coupled with the rise in demand for construction materials like granite and gravel have necessitated the continued growth of quarry activities in and around the Abeokuta Metropolis, southwestern, Nigeria. The results of the questionnaire survey carried out on the quarry workers in three selected quarry sites (abandoned colonial, AGI and Oba) revealed that over 70% of the entire working force were mainly women who work as casual labourers crushing or sorting stones in the quarries. The ages of the female quarry workers ranges between 10-60 years, with majority of them having little or no formal education. Many have spent between 10-20 years of their life in the quarries using primitive tools and being paid pittance, which is not comparable with the work done. They often work for about 12 hours daily crushing and average of 10 headpan of stone per day, which attracts about N10 per headpan. Majority of the women are from polygamous family which further push them into poverty as the wages received from the quarry work is not enough to take care of their needs. Polygamy exacerbates the impoverishment of women by limiting their access to financial resources. These women are at the risk of health problems such as severe chest and joint pains, headache, fever, catarrh and rheumatism which affect their productivity. There is a need for the empowerment of these women through education as a means of challenging patriarchal ideology of male domination especially in employment and wages.

In this article we investigate the Cauchy problem for the equation At this moment, the cases are well studied. open problem using approach.

Two printed wide-slot antennas with E-shaped patches and slots, for broadband applications, are proposed. They are fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) and a microstrip line with almost the same performances. Detailed simulation and experimental investigations are conducted to understand their behavior and optimize for broadband operation. Good agreement between the measurement and simulation has been achieved. The impedance bandwidths, determined by 10-dB reflection coefficient, of the proposed slot antennas fed by microstrip line and CPW are examined from both measurement and simulation. We have obtained the large operating bandwidth by choosing suitable combinations of feed and slot shapes. In order to achieve wider operation bandwidth both of the designed antennas have round corners on the wide slot and patch. Meanwhile, the proposed antennas exhibit almost omnidirectional radiation patterns, relatively high gain, and low cross polarization. A comprehensive numerical sensitivity analysis has been done to understand the effects of various dimensional parameters and to optimize the performance of the designed antennas. Results for reflection coefficient, far-field E and H-plane radiation patterns, and gain of the designed antennas are presented and discussed. At the end, we compare the simulated and measured results and found the enhancement of bandwidth of E- shape microstrip antenna.

This paper deals with this wireless local area security technologies and aims to exhibit their potential for integrity, availability and confidentiality. It provides a thorough analysis of the most WLAN packet data services and technologies, which can reveal the data in a secure manner. The paper outlines its main technical characteristics, discusses its architectural aspects based on security and explains the access protocol, the services provided, in secured way. This paper deals with security techniques for wireless local area networks.

Reliability is concerned with the system capability of survival. In the past forty years, customer expectations have been increasing in response to evolving new technologies. As part of these evolutions, they are demanding from their suppliers: products with higher quality, low initial cost, improved customer support and products that are easy and inexpensive to maintain. For a supplier to survive, succeed and be profitable in today’s market, It must do the following: a) Constant improvement in the quality of the products. b) Minimization of the cost. c) Be flexible and responsive to the customer’s requirement. This deals with reliability evaluation of combined generation and transmission system known as composite system. It describes a technique calculate composite system reliability with aging failure. The reliability evaluation deals with the a) Calculation of aging failure rate & aging repair rate of all Components of the system. b) Calculation of EENS value of all Components of the system by performing Reliability Analysis using SKM’S PTW 6.5.