As focus on the world climate rises, so does the demand for ever more environmentally friendly technologies. The response from the automotive industry includes vehicles whose primary propulsion systems are not based upon fossil fuels, namely Full Electrical Vehicles (FEV). There is an opportunity to design and engineer new innovative FEV architectures, whilst minimising their mass in order to further reduce carbon emissions. This paper proposes an engineering process for optimising new FEV lightweight vehicle architecture based on a technique entitled topology optimisation, which extracts the idealised load paths for a given set of load cases. Subsequently shape and size optimisations are conducted in order to obtain detailed information of localised vehicle geometry such as individual BIW cross-sections. The research discusses each individual step of the overall process including successes, limitations and further engineering challenges and complications which will need to be resolved in order to automate the vehicle architecture design to include e.g. durability and (dynamic) crashworthiness performance.

Wi-Fi technology is a form of telecommunication that allows data and voice transmissions to be sent across awide range of interconnected networks. The success in deploying services and applications based on this concept needsthe development of applications that allows intermediate users the reception and forwarding of information to destinationusers. The user may take the maximum benefit from the technology acquired inside the mobile phone for instance, sinceit is possible extend the radio coverage by several hops, and enjoy similar mobile‘s operator services free of charge. Inthis work we are going to present the development of an integrated Java application to send SMS and Voice among usermobile phones through its WIFI interface. A software application is developed using Android which allows free andsecured communication between selected phones in the Wi-Fi network. The base idea is unifying voice and data onto a single network infrastructure by digitizing success of wireless andmobile communications has resulted inthe creation of a large variety of technologies. Expanding services through theuse and coordination of these diverse networks will provide user mobility between different types of systems.

The paper sees management as the greatest challenge confronting Nigerian sports. Sports management is in the hands of non-professionals who know little or nothing about sports. This has led to the dismal performances of national teams in world sports. A way out of this imbroglio is to professionalize sports management and the Nigeria Association for Physical, Health Education, Recreation, Sports and Dance (NAPHER-SD) as a professional sports body is called upon to play a dominant role in this regard. It is recommended that Nigerian universities should mount post – graduate programmes in physical education to train well baked professionals in all areas of sports so as to complement the efforts of The National Institute for Sports in Lagos.

Due to the growing use of the internet, more and more critical processes are running over the web such as e-commerce. Internet allows commerce and business between parties who are physically distant and do not know each other doing the transaction. For the effective operation of the web application and e-commerce applications, security is a key issue. Various aspects of security are relevant to e-commerce such as database security. The availability of e-commerce, user transactions are no longer bound to traditional office-centered environment, but it can be started virtually anywhere at any time. It was moving from closed environment to open environment. In this paper, we clearly define the privacy-aware access control requirements. We also investigated few existing access control in the context of this requirements. We build an assessment criteria in our comparison based on the requirements defined which we finally used it later as a guidelines to design an access control for e-commerce application.

The Black & Scholes formula for theoretical pricing of options exhibits certain systematic biases, asobserved prices in the market differs from the formula. A number of studies attempted to reduce these biasesby incorporating a correction mechanism in the input data. Amongst non-parametric approaches used toimprove accuracy of the model, Artificial Neural Networksare found as a promising alternative. The studymade an attempt to improve accuracy of option price estimation using Artificial Neural Networks where allinput parameters are adjusted by suitable multipliers. The values of these multipliers were determined usingknown data that minimises errors in valuation. The study was carried out using Nifty call option prices quotedon National Stock Exchange for the period 01-Jul 2008 to 30-Jun-11 covering three years.

Purpose : This research ascertained the attitude of University Communities towards the sporting lives of students in Nigeria. Methods & Materials: Participants included sports officials (153) and students (270) from nine universities. A validated self-structured questionnaire with a test- retest reliability coefficient of 0.90 was the instrument used. Frequency counts, simple percentages and chi-square (x2) were the descriptive and inferential statistics used to analyse the data obtained at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The computed chi-square value (5.59) is less than the table value (7.82) suggesting that the attitude of a University community does not play any significant role in student sports life. Conclusion & Applications: There is need for cooperation between the academic staff and Sports Council staff as their functions complement each other.

E-governance is the latest technological trend in the governance process all over the world whose application attribute can be Variety, Embedded, Rapidly, Year-round ,Simple, Moral, Ample, Responsive and Transparent i.e. in short VERY SMART processes are called E-governance. So for these system data should deliver speedy, space efficient, cost effective and secure way among other governments and its citizens. This paper proposes a signed transmission scheme using standard RSA Digital Signature with implemented versionof MD5 algorithm to ensure Message Integrity, Privacy, Nonrepudiation and Authenticity.

Sign language detection and recognition (SLDR) using computer vision is a very challenging task. In respect to Bangladesh, sign language users are around 2.4 million [1]. In this paper, we try to focus for communicating with those users by computer vision. In this respect, an efficient method is propose consists of two basic steps: (a) refinement and (b) recognition. Initially in refinement, a Red-Green-Blue (RGB) color model is adopted to select heuristically threshold value for detecting candidate regions (i.e. hand and wrist band sign regions). After the candidate regions are obtained by applying color segmentation, then procedures for refining the candidate region are followed by using two different color wrist band regions and filtering. Finally, statistically based template matching technique is used for recognition of hand sign regions. Various hand sign images are used to test the proposed method and results are presented to provide its effectiveness.

Elliptic Curve Cryptography recently gained a lot of attention in industry. The principal attraction of ECC compared to RSA is that it offers equal security for a smaller bit size, thereby reducing processing overhead. ECC is ideal for constrained environment such as pager, PDAs, cellular phones and smart cards. ECC Encryption and Decryption methods can only encrypt and decrypt a point on the curve and not messages. This paper presents the implementation of mapping of text message into multiple points on Elliptic Curve with an Initial Vector (IV) using ECC. Further it also includes the transformation of fixed and variable size word in source text on to Elliptic Curve. These proposed methods enhance the security of ECC with multi fold encryption.

This paper offers an analysis of changing expectations of the husbands from their wives in Haryana state of India. This paper explores the alterations in gender relationship pattern in the Haryana region that has experienced major socio-political and economic changes in the last two decades. Positional survey research design was used for the present study through interview schedule comprising open ended questions. Husbands from different socio-economic background reported the continuing influence of traditional values that still govern the gender relationships in the family particularly husband-wife relationship