Past scales or studies on safety culture are mostly based on single-level measurement. This study established as a multi-level model of patient safety culture scale based on literature review to investigate the relationship among organization-level of patient safety culture, unit-level of patient safety culture and safety performance. This was a crosssectional study, and distributed 705 questionnaires to nursing staffs in two regional hospitals. A total of 363 valid samples were returned; the valid return rate was 51.8%. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the factor structure. The construct composite reliability was significant, and factor loading was >0.5, thus indicating an acceptable model fit. Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) proved that the effect of organization-level of patient safety culture on individual safety performance is mediated by unit-level of patient safety culture.