The British administration developed an immense interest in Baluchistan because of its geo-strategic significance. It had a desire to establish buffer states in extreme north-western regions to block the perceived Russian‟s intervention. The British authorities wanted to safeguard a line of communication with Afghanistan via Baluchistan. Their administration‟s efforts to make the Khanate as its vassal state under the treaty of 1841 met a stiff Baloch resistance. After the defeat of the British in the first Anglo- Afghan (War 1842), Kalat‟s independent status was recognized in the treaty of 1854. Afterwards, Closed Border Strategy (1854-72) was worked out towards Baluchistan, which was replaced by forward border policy. The 20th century marked the on-set of the awakening of political consciousness in Baluchistan. Two Baloch icons, Mir Abdul Aziz Kurd and Yusuf Ali Khan Magsi brought an awareness of political issues in the Baloch society. Anjuman-e- Ittehad-e-Balochan wa Baluchistan was founded primarily for struggle to get the administrative unification and constitutional reforms introduced in Baluchistan. The convening of the All- India Baloch conferences was the high-water mark of the Anjuman‟s career. These conferences were Balochistani in character. Though, it was short lived but brought Pashtun and Baloch together to raise united voice for their common home land. The British administration brushed away the reform packages suggested on these occasions. The end of Anjuman-e-Ittehad Balochan wa Balochistan led to the termination of Balochistani politics. Abdus Samad Khan Achakzai laid the foundation of his own political party (Anjuman-e-Watan) in 1938 and affiliated it with All-India National Congress. Kalat State National Party‟s tilt was also towards Indian nationalists and it backed the ideology of undivided India. Its leadership, Mir Anqa, Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizinjo and Gul Khan Nasir endeavoured to form representative government in Balochistan. Indeed,