Background: Neuromeningeal cryptococcosis (NMC) frequency has increased since the appearance of HIV/ AIDS infection with high mortality rate. Objective: To assess the clinical and epidemiological features of the NMC in hospital field. Patients and method: It was a retrospective study carried out on patients at 4 public health structures in the largest region of the country from 2005 to 2009. The mainly criteria were HIV+ conditions and the research of cryptococcus neoformans in CSF by Indiana ink test. The anthropometric, clinical, therapeutic and follow up data were also collected. Results: The study covered 41,327 patients. HIV + patients were 18.52% (7653/41327). CSF was analyzed in 1758 with 978 samples from HIV+ subjects. The research of cryptococcus in CSF was performed in 19.40% (341/1758). It was positive in 2.35% (8 cases). Culture was negative for all patients. Hospital frequency was 0.02% and 0.10% in HIV+ patients. The incidence rate was 1.6. The average age was 36 years (28 and 45 years), including 5 men and 3 women. The principal symptoms were marked by fever (75%) and headache (62.5%), associated to oropharyngeal candidiasis in 37.50%. T-lymphocytes accounts means was 37.4 cells /mm3.All patients were treated with fluconazole. The hospital length stay was 12.25 days. The mortality rate was 62.5%. Discussion: NMC remains under estimate with non specific signs. Early diagnostic and rapid therapeutic approaches are the challenges to achieve for all neurologists in tropical setting. Conclusion: We recommend to research cryptococcus in CSF forwards any meningo encephalitis in HIV infected patient.