Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common problem in women of reproductive age. Aim: The present study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its correlates in free living adult rural women of Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Subjects and Methods: In this study 752 married rural women in the age range of 20 to 40 years are screened by employing multistage random sampling technique. Data on life styles, socioeconomic conditions, self reported health status and menstrual characteristics has been procured through pre-validated questionnaires. Results: Menstrual problems are noticed to an extent of 31.9% respectively (Primary dysmenorrhea: 29.9% and Menorrhagia: 2.1%). In the present sample 12% of the women are suffering from oligomenorrhea and 9% with hypermenorrhea. Multivariate (binary) logistic regression analysis have revealed that subjects with poor self rated health have 4.689 times the risk of developing dysmenorrhea.