The muga silk industry of Assam has been in existence since time immemorial. In Assam, muga silk weaving is an ancient craft, though there is no definite and precise mention of the time of its origin. Due to lack of definite and authentic contemporary historical accounts, different Scholars have drawn different opinions and conclusions regarding the origin of muga culture. Ahom regime (1228-1828) can be considered as the golden period for muga culture of Assam, which prospered and thrived and had become a part of social and economic life of the Assamese people. Due to immense co-operation and initiative from Ahom kings, the rearers, reelers & weavers became skillful and the industry grew rapidly. An attempt has been made to study the historical perspectives of muga silk industry in Assam and its present status.