The complexity of the attributes in some particular domain is high when compare to the standard domain, the reason for this is its internal variation and the structure .their representation needs more complex data called multi-valued data which is introduced in this paper. Because of this reason it is needed to extend the data examination techniques (for example characterization, discrimination, association analysis, classification, clustering, outlier analysis, evaluation analysis) to multi-valued data so that we get more exact and consolidated multi-valued data sets. We say that multi-valued data analysis is an expansion of the standard data analysis techniques. The objects of multi-valued data sets are represented by multi-valued attributes and they contain more than one value for one entry in the data base. An example for this type of attribute is “languages known” .this attribute may contain more than one value for the corresponding objects because one person may be known more than one language.

Patients with cleft lip and palate undergo various problems and managing these patients by prosthesis has been a challenge for many years and the problems begin with making of impression. The authors describe a chair-side technique for facial moulage in cleft infants that is simple, efficient and inexpensive while still being safe for the infant.

Socio –economic class may be defined as relatively permanent and homogenous division in a society into which individuals or families sharing similar values, life styles, interests and behaviours can be categorised. As such, information relating to socio –economic and cultural characteristics of citizens are vital information in the formulation of workable housing policies and planning of basic infrastructure and service delivery. This study examined the socio – economic characteristics of residents of multihabited houses in Ogbomoso, South West, Nigeria; the analysis is hinged on the fact that multihabited house is common in Ogbomoso city in Nigeria. This house type is synonymous with the poor and the low-income groups. A chi – square analysis to indicate the effects of each socio-economic variable on the choice of the housing typology was done. The data used for the analysis were derived from a survey of multihabited houses in the high and medium residential areas of Ogbomoso metropolis. Nine hundred and fifty five (955) multihabited houses and a household head each in a multihabited house represented the sample. The results indicated effects of residents’ educational status, occupation and income with the housing typology. This paper therefore suggests that multihabited housing typology can be used by the Federal, State and Local government to meet the housing need of the low income group.

According to the absence of any indication in favor of the subjective experience in artificial intelligence simulations including a model with many numbers of neurons and synapses, this should be due to the system structure, not the numbers. This structure may be due to an extra dimension with a different information (quale). While the number of transistors is directly proportional to the more complex calculation, it does not include “awareness”.

The objective of this study was to examine land use/cover dynamics and its implications in Wallecha Watershed, Southern Ethiopia. The study referred to have applied perceptions’ analyses, descriptive statistics, semi-structured and face to face interviews to identify the causes of the changes. The study showed, high population pressure, which in turn leads to increasing demand for land and trees and change in farming systems, poor institutional and socio-economic settings, lack of land tenure security and inappropriate land use practices were identified as the reasons for the changes. Thus, it was understood that LU/LC is inevitable; that it was occurred at all times in the past, are presently ongoing, and are likely to continue in the future. The changes in LU/LC in the study watershed have both positive (degrading) and negative (enhancing) impacts on particular environmental and ecological changes of the watershed.

The article deals with the theoretical aspects of the distribution the formation sources of property assets component of farm property, including real possibilities, time limits, forms and methods of financial resources. The variability of factors that covers all possible risks of financing the economic activity was determined. A systematic approach to the evaluation of the dynamic trend that slows financing risk, taking into account indicators of sustainable financial condition of agricultural enterprises was proposed.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyse the performance of Indian air transport operators using key parameters and to benchmark production, marketing and overall efficiencies that can eventually guide top management in tackling present contemporary challenges prevailing in the Indian aviation market and also to provide insights in strategic decision making process. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study applies two stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate the production and marketing and overall efficiency. Super-Efficient DEA model is used to calculate the efficiency scores and to rank the airlines. Eight Key performance indicators of production and marketing efficiencies are analysed from the year 2010 to 2014 to study the market dynamics.

Image denoising is an important pre-processing step in medical image analysis. The basic intent of image denoising is to reconstruct the original image from its noisy observation as accurately as possible, while preserving important detail features such as edges and textures in the denoised image. In medical imaging, for the precise analysis of diseases denoising of medical images like X-RAY, CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) is essential since a small lose of a particular area in case of medical images may results in immense disaster similar to death. To mitigate such threat over the last few decades, image denoising has been extensively studied in the image and signal processing community and suggested various denoising techniques. Each approach has its assumptions, advantages, and limitations. In this paper a detailed survey has been carried out on various image denoising approaches and their performances on on medical images.

Background: Among harmful traditional practices, Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is widely practiced across the world. The practice involves either partial or total removal of the female external genitalia for various reasons. FGM is documented to be rooted in religious, personal and societal factors. FGM is documented to be widespread across Ethiopia and is believed to be widely practiced in Somali region. Objectives: To assess barriers of behavioral change to stop FGM practice among women of Kebri Beyah district in Somali region, where the high prevalence of FGM is documented. Methods: A community-based cross-section study design was applied. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to generate relevant evidence. A total of 633 households drawn from five randomly selected kebeles involved in the quantitative part of the study. Participants identified purposefully were involved in the qualitative study. While survey data was analyzed by SPSS version 21. Multiple logistic regressions were carried out to examine the existence of a relationship between intention to stop FGM and socio demographic characteristics. On the other hand, qualitative data were analyzed thematically and the result was presented in narration. The findings of the study can be utilized as baseline for further studies related to behavioral change intervention. Results: This study revealed that 69.5% of the respondents intend to stop FGM. Religion was the major reasons for the perpetuation of this practice. About 50.3% of circumcision was performed by traditional birth attendants. 87.4% of participants responded that FGM was being practiced in that area. More than 79.9% of participants were undergone Sunni type of circumcision. More than 79.9% of participants were undergone Sunni type of circumcision. Most of respondents were found have good knowledge and negative attitude towards FGM. Divorced respondents were 4.35 (AOR=4.35, 95% CI (1.03, 18.33) times more likely intendin

“You can’t manage what you don’t measure”; organisations are quantifying the capability of their manufacturing process to measure and manage ‘quality’. Six Sigma offer several tools, which helps measure the performance of a process. The process capability analysis is one such tool, which helps measure whether the process is proficient of producing consistent products that meet the standards. According to Dr Genichi Taguchi variability of the process has to be controlled even though the process is meeting all the specifications. Process capability analysis helps to reduce variability in the production processes. Process capability indices (PCIs) measure the capability of the process numerically. Process capability indices are used to explain a manufacturing process ability to produce items as per the voice of the customer (i.e. within the specified limits) and compare the intrinsic variability in a process with the customer’s design. Capability index is important, since it simplifies complex information about the process to a single unit less number.