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This paper addresses a multi-stage and multi-processor flow shop scheduling problem while minimizing the over utilization of machines. Fuzzy Inference System has been used to determine the job priority, considering factors such as completion times, processing complexity, critical ratio, profit over time, cost over time and level of inventory, while incorporating their uncertainties. In a similar manner, machine priority has been deduced, taking into account the mean time between failure, mean time to repair, mean time between shutdown, mean time between maintenance, failure rate and set up time. The grouping and sequencing of jobs in every stage are determined by an algorithm in such a way that the problem becomes multiobjective with objectives like minimizing the lead time, set up time, level of inventory, while maximizing machine and labor utilization along with profit over time.
Integration of microgrids into the main power systems imposes major challenges regarding reliable operation and control. Reliable operation means to be able to manage the microgrid in its two modes of operation; grid- connected and islanded, as well as handling the transition between these two modes. Several control strategies have been established in this area. This paper utilizes droop based control method due to its advantages of great flexibility, no communication needed, high reliability, and free laying. In this paper, one DG unit is controlled to set the voltage and frequency of the microgrid, VF mode. In contrast, the other DG units of the microgrid control their active and reactive power sharing, PQ mode. Controlling one inverter in VF mode results in a smooth transition between grid-connected and islanded operation.
One of the most significant developments in the field of organizations in recent times is the increasing importance given to human resource. People are vital to organizations as they offer perspectives, values and attributes to organizational life; and when managed effectively, these human traits can be of considerable benefits to the organization. As revealed in Djabatey (2012) this scenario lends credence to the increasing attention being paid to the people aspect of organizational wealth. This is so because the development of people, their competencies, and the process development of the total organization are the fulcrum of human resource management (Mullins, 1999; Djabatey, 2012).
A theoretical analysis of inclined fluids through granular media was carried out. Modified Darcy’s equation and its approximate solution showed that for the isothermal case, increase in the argument and permeability of the granules result in a corresponding increase in the pressure exerted on the photosphere while increase in porosity and viscosity brings about a decrease in the pressure. For the adiabatic fluid case, the pressure is not affected as a result of increase in the angle of the granules. The same physical results occur in both the isothermal fluid case and that of the adiabatic fluid case as a result of increase in viscosity, porosity and permeability of the granules in the pressure exerted on the photosphere.
This study was conducted to examine the relationship between manpower development and lecturers productivity in Delta State Colleges of Education. To guide the study, three research questions were raised and three hypotheses were formulated. The study was a correlation study. The population of this study was 842 lecturers in Delta State Colleges of Education in the 2014/2015 academic year. The sample used for the study was 252 lecturers of the Colleges of Education respectively selected from a population of 842 lecturers in the 2014/2015 academic year. The sampling procedure used was the random sampling technique. A survey instrument titled ‘Manpower Development and Lecturers’ Productivity Questionnaire (MDLPQ) was developed by the researcher to obtain data for the study. Data were analyzed using mean scores and Pearson “r”.
Objective: Young children are very susceptible to the toxic effects of lead, one of the most common pollutants in the environment. Therefore, monitoring the level of lead in primary teeth to prevent its harmful effects might be necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate lead concentrations among all types of primary teeth and to determine if age could affect the lead levels in primary teeth. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 250 shed or nearing exfoliation caries-free primary teeth were collected from patients, aged 6-12 years old, in dental clinics of Tehran, Iran from 2009 to 2010. The lead concentrations in these teeth were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Result: Primary canines showed the highest mean concentration of lead [1.67 ± 0.75 μg/g dry weight (DW)], followed by incisors (1.15 ± 0.74 μg/g DW) and molars (0.78 ± 0.59 μg/g DW). Statistically significant differences were seen between canines and molars (P=0.000) and also between canines and incisors (P=0.036). The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test showed no significant differences between lead levels regarding age (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that tooth type affected the tooth-lead level concentrations. Mean concentration of lead in primary canines was higher than that in incisors and molars in the studied society. Our results suggested that age was not related to the lead concentration in human primary teeth.
An analytical approach to the study of thermal explosion characteristics was examined and observation showed that an external heat source brought about by Semenov parameter and radiation delayed the initiation of thermal explosions while Frank-Kamenestkii parameter and heat due to chemical reaction enhanced the initiation of thermal explosions. The work also revealed that internal friction reduces ignition time and increases reaction rates.
Pure tone Audiometry (PTA)-Tone Decay Test is the key hearing test used to identify hearing threshold levels of an individual, enabling determination of the degree, type and configuration of a hearing loss. The test is used to indentify quickly screening for Retro Cochlear pathology. In audio logical investigations, the hearing sensitivity is tested for pure tones. The test tones of different frequencies and levels are generated and presented to the patient and hearing thresholds are determined on the basis of patient’s response. Thus in this work we described the auditory system and its disorders.
The subsurface characterization of sub-soil of a proposed filling station was carried out along Ilesha road, Akure, Ondo State with the aim of designing a structural model for the filling station. To achieve this, Electrical Resistivity method using Dipole-Dipole and Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was employed. Dipole-Dipole run through five (5) traverses in the north-south direction. A total of twenty-five (25) VES points were established with five (5) at each traverses. Dipole-Dipole data were used to generate 2-D resistivity structure image with resistivity ranging from 19 ohm– m –487 ohm–m at the topsoil and 19.0 ohm-m – 80 ohm-m at the weathered layer. The VES data were interpreted through partial curve matching and computer iteration. The interpreted data were used to generate geo-electric sections showing that the geo-electric sequence comprise of topsoil, weathered layer, partly weathered/fracture basement and fresh basement. The resistivity ranging from 22 ohm-m – 83 ohm-m at the topsoil, 12 ohm-m – 507 ohm-m at the weathered layer, 185 ohm-m - 864 ohm-m at the partly weathered/ fracture layer and 1987 ohm-m – 33693 ohm-m for the fresh basement. The resistivity at the second layer was used to produce an isoresistivity map of the area. The study proved that Electrical Resistivity method can serve as an important tool in designing a model for the construction of a filling station.
Examined in this study were the college readiness rates (i.e., reading, mathematics, and both subjects) of students who received special education services in the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 school years. Data from the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 Texas Academic Progress Reports were obtained and analyzed. Students who received special education services had a statistically significantly higher reading college readiness rate in the 2013-2014 school year than in the 2012-2013 school year. Mathematics college readiness rates were statistically significantly lower in the 2013-2014 school year than the 2012-2013 school year. The college readiness rates for both subjects approached statistical significance and college readiness rates were lower in the 2013-2014 school year. Of importance were the very, very low college readiness rates of students who were enrolled in special education. Implications of these findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.