Introduction: Horses, along with a number of other domesticated species, are still used for work power animals in many developing countries. A study was conducted in Debrezeit, Adama, Debre brihan and Hawassa towns in Ethiopia in 2012/13 with the objective of determining the chemical composition of the common horse feed resources. Methods: Feed samples were collected from three major groups namely; carthorse owners, horse feed traders and feed processors as replication for determination of chemical composition. The samples were collected systematically. Feed analysis was done at the National Veterinary Institute (NVI) Bishoftu, Ethiopia, based on the proximate feed analysis method.

An experiment was conducted at the Nursery section of the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State from June to evaluate the effect of different nursery media on the emergence and growth of three tropical tree species: Citrus paradise (Grape), Citrus aurantium (Bitter orange) and Anona muricata. L (Sour sop) June to August 2014. Seven nursery media were evaluated for their seedling emergence and early growth. Physiochemical analysis was performed on the three growing medium. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. Growth and yield parameters (number of leaves, plant height, root length, root weight, shoot length and shoot weight) were taken. It was observed that treatment with top soil only performed significantly higher as pertaining to plant height followed by treatment with combination of top soil and river sand in Citrus paradise (Grape). Treatment with top soil only, significantly had the highest number of leaves followed by treatment with top soil +river sand, rice hull + river sand + rice hull and river sand in grape. Plant height of Anona nuricata. L (Sour sop) was greatly supported significantly by treatment with the combination of rice hull+ river sand+ top soil followed by treatment with river sand only.

Lately, with the information technology improvements and broad band internet service spreading, speed of access to shopping sites get high. Because of these changes, companies unavoidably entered to digital environment. Thus, while communication rules change, field and definition of marketing changes too. With the development of IT technologies, traditional marketing methods leave sits place to digital day by day. Companies which follow technology can easily communicate with customers interactively while providing products or services. Like in the traditional marketing, in digital marketing, building well communication with customers, deter mining their needs and requests are crucial. While companies using digital marketing make difference with dual communication, others who don’t get involved in this race, become distanced from competition gradually. The biggest advantage of digital marketing is reaching the target audience in right way with using social media and search engines. This study tries to explain digital marketing periods and advantages, experienced transition and difference between traditional and digital marketing.

Nigerian grown species of bamboo called bambusa vulgaris which was examined to analyze its tensile strength. The fibre characteristics and tensile strength were investigated at three different fibre lengths and fibre loadings i.e 10, 30,50mm and 10, 30, 50 wt.% respectively. Fibre length was varied in each fibre loading from 10mm to 50mm, the tensile strength of the three different series of composites varies from 28.32Mpa to 38.10Mpa. The predicted optimum tensile strength is 44.51Mpa. Generated results have been validated by the confirmation of experiments at three replications, when the control factors were set at 30mm and 30% wt or (level 2, level 2), using Taguchi’s design of experiments approach. It was observed from the analysis of variance of the samples that there is a variation in the increase of tensile strength of the bamboo that are dependent on the fibre length and fibre loading used. The percentage contributions of parameter according to the pooled ANOVA for signal-to- Noise ratio showed that the fibre length (36.61%) in controlling variation and mean strength is significantly smaller than the fibre loading (44.15%).

This paper presents a discussion about how current changes in welfare regime in Cuban current context limit poor families´ capabilities of resilience and opportunities for overcoming poverty. From the analysis of contextual changes in welfare regime in the country, it is analyzed the role and relationships between State social policies, market based transactions, and families´ informal support networks in families´ coping strategies. Based on qualitative methodology the study evidenced a contradiction between the formal tendency to reinforce commodification and familiarization of welfare, and the strong dependency poor families have from State support and traditional de-commodificated welfare regime in Cuba. This contradiction supposes an essential challenge to social equity in the current process of Actualization of Cuban Development Model.

It seems that the lack of tangible identity, confusion and visual disturbances, mental insecurity and confusion in public areas, release and exhaustion signs and cultural - historical, Facade poor quality, lack of organization in terms of form and wall needed, problem of readability, navigation, disorientation and ambiguity in orientation, lack of positive evaluation of urban spaces and reduce the sense of belonging to the urban environment, the need to improve the quality of vision and urban landscape elements within the aesthetic quality of the environment implies. Inadequate fishes and the evils landscape study area the most important cause undesirable sights lining the main thoroughfares are unsuitable and worn tens and body that the aesthetics confused, troubled and has become infected. There extensions ugly, dirty findings blocks, irregular and uncoordinated boards are a significant cause of visual disturbance. Spaces made and the overall structure and appearance of the area in terms of diversity, composition, coordination in rhythm, abnormalities of fishes and a lot of evils. the uneven textures and shapes placed next to each other inappropriateness of the ugly face of another kind are available. Visual pollution, erosion buildings, extensions and additions and Dvdzdgy views, the disproportion and coordinate altitude, lack of coordination Labour used materials, lack of coordination skyline, the presence of incomplete buildings and dilapidated buildings, overcrowding cars in the streets, noise Mzla of social and abnormalities such as the existence of the false businesses including, beggars, drug addicts, another segment of these factors.

Teachers are the important pillar of education system. It is also believed that teachers shape up a student’s life. The role of the teacher in the classroom has been found to be the single most important factor in student learning. The vast majority of teachers strive to teach effectively in order to enhance student learning outcomes, and they draw upon the knowledge and skills acquired throughout their preservice teacher degree. The 21st century saw the role of the teacher move from one, who is all-knowing and unquestionable to one, who is continually learning, selfaware and reflective. Further, teachers are now expected to encourage their students to engage in thoughtful reflection, critical thinking and increased selfawareness and responsibility. Every educational system in any identified human society requires highly skilled teaching staffs to raise the standard of education. No educational system can rise above the quality of its teachers. The Report of the Commission on National Education (1959) further adds that “the teacher should be academically well-trained in subjects he/she teaches and have had sound professional training to teach his/her subjects”. In order to achieve this objective, a course called B.Ed. (Bachelor of Education) was introduced. This course teaches a person all about being a good teacher. Once the person completes the course, he/she is awarded the degree and is qualified to become a full fledged teacher.

This paper probes French-Western manipulative policies and activities in Mali within the framework of critical theory of international relations, while at the same time, examining globalisation as “colonialism” by other means. It then goes on to assess the role played by France in both the cause and containment of the Malian crisis and the implications of the intervention on the national security and overall development of Mali. The paper, therefore, argues that French interest in Mali, is overwhelmingly high and has great consequences on the leadership struggle and governmental policies of the country. Factors that favoured the rise of the conflict are MNLA’s long-term goal of establishing a Tuareg State in self-determination coupled with Mali’s extreme economic and political dependence on outside assistance. Findings have revealed that France, is part of a wider design and struggle, within the Western World and particularly, within the foreign policy controlling group in Washington. Finally, the activities of France in the management of the conflict are widely observed as devoid of altruism.

This paper investigates the problems militating against the realization of the NIEO. The paper then examines the globalization of the world economy and the economic transition in Central and Eastern Europe, being the two most important economic processes at work in recent years. The negotiations for the NIEO, therefore, cover two broad spectrums of concern to Africa namely, international monetary matters and trade. The paper argues that the multiple transitions involved in globalization, liberalization and democratization, have been implicated in the increase in violence, economic marginalization and criminal behaviour in Africa. The main results of this investigation underscore the fact that only industrialization in Africa will effect a change and have a more (resource) distributive relationship between the West and the continent. Cooperation with one another in economic affairs is indispensable for the realization of economic self-reliance in Africa. The mutually beneficial political and economic relationships between elites in the West and African countries would maintain the structural pattern of dependency in the global economy.

Chinese Hui Muslims, who constitute around 11 Million of the Chinese population, are at the crossroads of victim-hood, deprivation and a desire to rebuild their destiny. The Hui People have a strong desire to lead a respectable life and seek opportunities for progress and development similar to other communities of china and the world. The present study observed the Hui Muslims are marginalized in all spheres of development including education, employment, income and assets. There is a need for durable changes in Chinese government policies concerning Hui minority. Being rich in diversity, china is one of the important example of pluralism with multi dimensional Ethnic, cultural and social groupings, races and religions. Like other main ethnic communities, the marginalized Hui Muslim should pursue social, economic, religious and educational aspirations not only within the frame and support of government provided infrastructure, opportunities and political awakening but needs to walk extra step for achieving their targets on their own without any kind of violence. The Beijing Government had not made any kind of solid efforts to address various aspects of the Muslim deprivation in entire china. In Hui Muslim community there is a need of Policy Makers, Community Leadership Motivators & Trainers in a good number that could use their mind in the strong social, political and religious construction of Muslim society in entire China. Social, political, and religious leaders are assets, backbone and face of any community anywhere in the world, who play a key role in motivating and leading the community to the heights of progress and empowerment. They are the people who have deep understanding of issues at the ground level and enjoy negotiating skills to respond in vibrant democratic and undemocratic setups. History shows that most of the Social, political, and religious leaders have attain heights of success not because of personal ambitions but that of their missionary zeal