A study was conducted to design and develop a microcontroller baser egg incubator for small scale poultry production. The incubator was equipped with microcontrollers to control the egg turner, heater, and circulation fan. It was designed to operate at average temperature of 38C. The turner operates at 10 cycles per minute for 30 seconds every 6 hours while the circulation fan activates every hour for 30 seconds to circulate the air inside the incubator. The prototype incubator was tested by loading it with 20 pieces of chicken eggs from a breeding flock. It was found that the prototype incubator functioned as designed during the entire incubation period. Two eggs were hatched after 21 days of incubation and another egg was hatched on the 24th day of incubation period. The percent egg fertility was found to be 55% or 11/20 while the hatchability was only 27% or 3 out of 11 fertile eggs. The low hatchability of fertile eggs could be more likely attributed to frequent power outage of 2 to 6 hours a day during the entire incubation period. A stable and uninterrupted power supply is needed for the optimal hatching performance of the incubator.

As the number of electronic data collections available on the internet increases, so does the difficulty of finding the right collection for a given query. Often the first time user will be overwhelmed by the array of options available, and will waste time hunting through pages of collection names, followed by time reading results pages after doing an adhoc search. Collection selection using optimal weight methods try to solve this problem by suggesting the best subset of collections to search based on a query. This is of importance to fields containing large number of electronic collections which undergo frequent change, and collections that cannot be fully indexed using traditional methods such as spiders. This paper presents a solution to these problems of selecting the best collections and reducing the number of collections needing to be searched.

Software Effort Estimation is highly important and considered to be a primary activity in software project management. The accurate estimates are conducted in the development of business case in the earlier stages of project management. This accurate prediction helps the investors and customers to identify the total investment and schedule of the project. The project developers define process to estimate the effort more accurately with the available mythologies using the attributes of the project. The algorithmic estimation models are very simple and reliable but not so accurate. The categorical datasets cannot be estimated using the existing techniques. Also the attributes of effort estimation are measured in linguistic values which may leads to confusion. This paper looks in to the accuracy and reliability of a non-algorithmic approach based on adaptive neuro fuzzy logic in the problem of effort estimation. The performance of the proposed method demonstrates that there is a accurate substantiation of the outcomes with the dataset collected from various projects. The results were compared for its accuracy using MRE and MMRE as the metrics. The research idea in the proposed model for effort estimation is based on project domain and attribute which incorporates the model with more competence in augmenting the crux of neural network to exhibit the advances in software estimation.

Background: Paraphimosis is a surgical emergency in surgical practice. A number of treatment options are available for treatment of paraphimosis including surgical and non surgical ones. No randomized studies were undertaken to compare any treatment techniques of paraphimosis. This study attempts to compare the outcome of injection of Hyaluronidase and Multiple puncture technique in the treatment of paraphimosis. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled study was undertaken in the surgery department of a medical college. About 60 consecutive patients admitted with the history of paraphimosis were randomly divided into two groups. One group received Hyaluronidase injection and another group had been treated by using multiple puncture technique. The patients were followed on seventh day and six months after the surgery. Results: The study group included both pediatric and adult population. About 43.3% of the patients in Hyaluronidase group and 60% in the multiple puncture technique group had the skin changes and edema was present in 83.3% of the Hyaluronidase and 87.7% of the multiple puncture technique group. The outcome of the technique was 10%, 3.3% and 3.3% of the patients in the Hyaluronidase group had recurrence, need for surgery and post operative pain. About 13.3%, 13.3% and 16.7% of the patients in multiple puncture technique groups had recurrence, need for surgery and post operative pain respectively. Conclusion: The injection Hyaluronidase was better than the multiple puncture technique in the treatment of paraphimosis

Majority of the women of the world are suffering from chronic cervicitis in their child bearing age. In modern treatment chronic cervicitis is usually treated by antibiotics, improving local hygiene & vaginal pessaries but the result of this treatment are not long-lasting. In most of the cases recurrence is common. Frequency & duration of recurrence is varying upon person to person. This modern treatment also hampers the normal flora of the lower reproductive organs. So this major issue of the society is selected for the study. In this study 10 patients of chronic cervicitis were selected for Udumberadi tail Uttar vasti. Uttar vasti with Udumberadi tail provides very good results along with the restoration of normal flora of the lower reproductive organs. The action of vasti is multifarious and the properties of udumbaradi tail are antiinflammatory, healing, astringent, antipruritic, analgesic & tridoshahar etc.

The time when someone can do real, publishable mathematics completely without the aid of a computer is coming to a close; the use of computers in mathematical research is both widespread and under-acknowledged. Mathematicians use computers in a number of ways. This paper highlights the importance of mathematics and digital age in today’s technological advancement; it also explains the influence of digital age on Mathematics research. Key areas where Information and Communication Technology can be applied to Mathematical research are discussed. To demonstrate the use of computer program on Mathematical analysis, some problems were solved analytically and were also solved using computer programs (Mathlab and Python). These two procedures are compared and it is clearly shown that using computer packages to solve Mathematical problems are more efficient, easier and accurate.

Nigeria has undergone a long process of restructuring in terms of the number of geopolitical administrative units that constitute the polity. The process is popularly referred to as “state creation” in federal systems, particularly in Nigeria. This study examines the various rationale posited for creation of states in the country, such as quest for balanced federation, integration and fostering a feeling of belonging among its disparate population, national development etc. and finds out that most states created so far in the country were a product of false ethnic dichotomies orchestrated by the ethnic elites through superficial ethnic affiliations. The study concludes that the state creation exercise in the country had benefitted the elite rather than the masses because of the patronages that accrue to the former to the disadvantage of the latter.

Three sedges of Cyperus (C. malaccensis, C. compressus and C. iria) are used for making mats by the forest fringe people of Sunderban mangrove swamp and sale in local markets. The focus of the work is to calculate species wise net economic contribution of these sedges. Fifteen families from each four villages of two islands have been selected for qualitative and quantitative assessment of these resource use pattern through participatory observation and questionnaire method. The annual production, economic valuation of individual species were assessed through quadrat sampling (272 habitat patch) and market survey with cost benefit analysis respectively. Economic contribution of the sedges to the local people in terms of annual income is highest in case of C. malaccensis (6.638%) followed by C. compressus (1.599%) and C. iria (0.690%). The production ofthe three species is 5-8 times higher than paddy, thus have potentiality as alternative livelihood options.

The demonstration was conducted in Wolaita zone, Boloso Sore district at Areka and around Areka areas. Pparticipants (farmers) were selected purposively on the basis of willingness to construct poultry house; to cover all the associated package costs and record the required was selected. Survival of chicks during the first 8 weeks of brooding using hay-box at the farmers management condition was 79.8% (359 were survived out 450). On average about 93.1% of the chicken were survived to the laying age while mortality reduced from 20.2% to 6.9% . The average age at first egg laying recorded at each farmers was 142 days and average weight of eggs at first laying was 40.2g. The average weight of male and female chicken at 20 weeks of age was 1.5kg and 1.1kg respectively. Field day was arranged when they were at the age of 20 weeks and 135 (120 male and 15 female) farmers and 65 (60 male and 5 female) researchers, experts and government officials from regional to woredas levels were participated on field day and awareness creation was created as a result all participants got a conviction to consider the technology as a viable agricultural venture.

An unintended experiment in veterinary medicine and its follow up analysis have identified the ability for dietary supplements that enhance cellular immunity to destroy Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). The possible significance of this observation for Crohn’s disease is discussed. An infectious disease is basically a statement of immune system failure. Either the pathogen’s challenge inoculum was too great for the host’s immune system to subjugate or the host’s immune system was genetically designed to facilitate susceptibility to the mycobacterial pathogen in question. Within the Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) paradigm of causation of Crohn’s disease, diet’s therapeutic objectives have been reduction of MAP antigen challenges and the correction of diseased induced impairment of host immunity (1-3). The argument is presented that specifically targeted dietary supplementation may be therapeutic.