Recent deliverances by king Abdullah in Saudi Arabia (SA) has opened many doors for women over the past seven years. Women joined the consultative assembly in 2013, in the same year three women were named as deputy chair persons of three committees. In 2011 King Abdullah announced that women would be allowed to vote and run for office in the 2015 municipal elections. All these actions grant Saudi women the chance to occupy managerial positions in many organizations. However, Saudi women in managerial positions face many challenges. The purpose of this study is to recognize the challenges that female managers in public Saudi universities face in their managerial positions. The paper adopted an in- depth personal interviewsmethod in order to gain a deep understanding of the specific challenges faced by female managers in public universities. Nineteen female managers of which 10 were in high managerial positions of universities were interviewed. The study found that Saudi female managers face a number of challenges, the most important challenge is the long working hours, dealing with different natures of subordinates and lack of authorization. The study provided a number of recommendations to decision makers in order to alleviate those challenges such as the limitation of female long working hours by decentralization and better distribution of work load. Training programs in management and communication skills would help female managers to better manage and communicate with subordinates. Authorization should be given to female managers in order to be able to issue decisions necessary for their departments.

Tai Ji Quan is always considered to be an exercise that has the same benefit as other exercise when it is done properly. Once considered as a martial art, nowadays, people think that practising Tai Ji is one of many ways to prevent illness, and getting a better health. Some studies have proven the benefit of Tai Ji in several medical condition, however the efficacy of Tai Ji for psychiatric conditions is very limited due to the limitation of variety of studies. Some studies propose that Tai Ji might have efficacy in treating anxiety or depression, whether it is as an augmentation or a single therapy for the patients.

A device of non-classic Newton’s minorant and their graphs of functions of two real table-like variables have been introduced and a new numerical method for finding extremum of random as smooth and non-smooth functions of one real variable has been constructed.

n recent years, Port and marine industry design standards were shifting their focus towards performance based and elasto-plastic limit state design criteria. Whilst performance based criteria for wharves and piers were well explained and covered by POLA/POLB1, performance based design of the dolphins was never reviewed. Current PIANC WG-332 only briefly discussed design of the flexible dolphins. Some of the WG-33 statements related to fender supporting structures are ambiguous, and not well understood. In author’ opinion, PIANC provisions do not differentiate between rigid, semi-flexible and flexible dolphin systems making conflicting statements. The following study covers several aspects associated with design of semi-flexible and flexible dolphin systems, and addresses design issues which were insufficiently covered by PIANC and national marine codes. The list of covered issues includes: • fender selection conflicts • concept of impact dynamic amplification • utilization of the ductility concept for performance based design criteria • the concept of capacity protected elements and proper application of overload factors • detailing mistakes in pile to pile cap connections. This paper reviews design of the flexible dolphin systems with concrete pile caps, explaining common design misconceptions and filling the gaps in the current design practice.

This work presents gender differences within the Blake and Mouton (2000) model. The scenario is the labor market in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte (Brazil), where equally female and male leadership styles are compared. This is a research field of quantitative character (survey), of 102 executives, both men and women. The results indicate that the female leadership style is similar to the male. Both have the dominant style of the Country Club, which is characterized by careful attention to the needs of the subordinates, and a strong emphasis on people. However, women have as subdominant style guidance for staff, where predominates the balance between concern for production and people, while men interact in the impoverished style, with low concern for production and people. Search results recommend new agenda addressing impacts of cultural values in the style of female leadership.

The main goal of this study was to find the problem of astigmatism among children with refractive errors who are were in the age group of 3 – 14 years. A two stage screening process was envisaged and 5649 children were screened to find visual abnormalities and other defects. Of them, 1233 (21. 8%) were selected for second stage screening. The total ophthalmological manifestations found were 7.8% (78/1000). The analysis of different morbidities included refractive errors 6. 2% and other eye diseases 1. 6%. Among refractive errors 2.3% were unilateral and 3.9% were bilateral involvement. The prevalence of simple myopia was 1.65% and of hypermetropia was 0.95%. Yhe astigmatism found was 1.5% unilaterally out of 2.3 of total unilateral refractive errors. Bilateral astigmatism was 2.1% out of 3. 9% of total bilateral refractive errors. Findings indicate the existence of more astigmatic errors among Sri Lankan children either unilaterally or bilaterally.

Masa Bersiap (The Alert Period) was the post Proclamation of Indonesian Independence period: august 1945 – January 1946. This sort period of alertness was very critically and decision, it was describe as a very disordered time, laden with numerous acts of violent, looting, even massacres. Bogor is one of example that reflected this situation. Ki Nariya who was known as jawara from Leuwiliang, Bogor, had tried to seized the power. He tried to capture all the official government at this residency. Ki Nariya’s and followers nearly were acknowledged by the government of the Republic of Indonesia in Jakarta who did received little information the social development around the Jakarta – Bogor area, and had nearly acknowledged his leadership. But after a report was obtained from Bogor, the leaders in Jakarta gave instruction to the TKR to immediately take strong action against the Ki Nariya movement. After obtaining that instruction, one combined groups of the Bogor regiment were successful to surround and intercept Ki Nariya cs in Dermaga.

Multiplier effects can be relevant for evaluating alternative ways of generating electricity, especially in remote regions, were the superior method might be different from the method that would be chosen in a location near transport hubs. Remote tropical regions often have easily gathered amounts of biomass, and they also have sufficient sunlight to make solar energy a competitive way of generating electricity. Remote tropical regions also have export revenues that are currently being used to import gasoline and diesel for small-scale portable generators. Recent innovations in biomass converters and solar panels make it possible for these regions to create local employment and save scarce foreign exchange, while generating electricity more cheaply. We discuss these alternatives and compute multiplier effects to arrive at promising result.

To makes transparent and effective the government works, to increase government efficiency, accountability and to improve the service delivery and participating the public in all aspects of government activities e-Governance is obligatory. Bangladesh e-Government Index is very low as compared SAARC countries. Bangladesh has many challenges for the implementation of e-Government system in Bangladesh. Online Service Index, e-Participation Index, poor ICT infrastructure, insufficient human resources, lack of trust, Telecommunication Infrastructure Component and lack of awareness are the major constraints and challenges of e-Government implementation in Bangladesh. It may be provide significant opportunities to transform public administration into an instrument of sustainable development of Bangladesh. Egovernment also referred to as the use and application of ICT in public administration to streamline and integrate workflows and processes, to effectively manage data and information, enhance public service delivery, as well as expand communication channels for engagement and empowerment of people.

Background: The knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension (HTN), the frequency with which it is detected, treated and controlled, are essential data to understand the importance of this issue and define intervention or prevention strategies [1]. Aim: To determine the hypertension rate of prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in Matadian adult population. Methods: During this cross-sectional study carried out within a random sample of adults in Matadi, a Congolese South-west port city, a total of 397 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled to be interviewed and examined