The rate at which university students involve in various acts of plagiarism has been a matter of central concern to academics and university management at least over the last decades. The scholarly contributions that the issue has generated particularly are becoming interminable. It is beyond the intention of this paper however to conclude this vast discussion but rather suggest that effective solution to plagiarism among students in the university should not only be hinged on detection-cum-punitive measure alone at the expense of university based prevention programme that helps students develop strong writing skills. This review identified a range of scholarly works that presented evidence on reality of plagiarism and its associated problems in ivory towers particularly in Nigeria. The work primarily focused on addressing plagiarism among university students in Nigeria but, as it has been noted throughout the write-up, achieving effective prevention of plagiarism among students should not be limited to adopting plagiarism software detection alone.

Introduction: The implementation of virtual space for teaching and learning (VSTL) leads objectives (performance) and subjective benefits (social peer relationships) in the process of teaching and learning. The study of neuroanatomy added difficulties inherent to the object of study, which requires greater abstraction, tridimension and relationship with other knowledge. Objective: To evaluate parameters of use, content management and performance, specifying instructional strategies used in Neuroanatomy through the implementation of a VSTL. Materials and Methods: An observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study on parameters of use, content management and performance in 309 university students with an EVEA applied in 3 commissions of Human Anatomy matter. The results were divided according to the rotation of matter (neuroanatomy and musculoskeletal with splanchnology contents) and pedagogical strategy activities (clinical and surgical cases and clinical imaging cases); statistical parameters (descriptive and inferential) were applied and correlated with the socioeconomic characteristics of users. The work complied with the ethical and legal standards. Results: The access time was the day of the practical work. The activities recorded most times of realization, especially that presented clinical-surgical high rate of deprecated. Working hours per week were correlated with the outcome (R2= 0.76). The performance in virtual Neuroanatomy activities presented specifications related to the object of study and teaching strategies associated. The number of work hours impacted both performance and management of the content and features of using virtual space.

The neurotransmitter enzymes such as acetyl and butryl cholinesterase’s effects as changes are studied in human beings exposed to organophosphorous pesticides during agriculture practices of spraying in the areas of Nuziveedu Krishna district, A.P, INDIA.These changes are significant as it was found to be more than 45% in Acetyl cholinesterases (AChE) and 36% in butryl cholinesterase (BChE) decrement in the exposed group when compared to non-exposed group as controls. First absorption, by people resulting toxicity as chronic by the production of oxygen free radicals, being heterotrophic metabolically, results in the alteration of homeostasis leading to oxidative stress that culminates the non maintenance of the antioxidants continuously due to imbalance.

Glycation is a reaction between amino group of blood proteins and reducing sugars in vitro conditions which are involved in a number of pathologies and disease states including Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Equal concentration of different inhibitor extracts (sweet potato, turnip and methi) and glucose were used. Eight combinations of each extract were made and all these were placed at 37oC for five weeks incubation. Human normal plasma was used as a protein source. Glycation was analyzed by Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) technique which results that aqueous and methanol extracts of sweet potato and turnip showed no inhibition of non-enzymatic glycation but act as activator of reaction while aqueous extract of methi showed maximum inhibition of non-enzymatic glycation in 5th week of incubation and for methanol extract inhibition was maximum in 3rd week of incubation. In all extracts of three vegetables, extracts of methi were more effective against non-enzymatic glycation. These findings suggest that in future methi can be used for lowering glucose level in the body as it is efficient in lowering the glycation level in different conditions when level of glucose is high.

In assembly line design, the problem of balancing has received most attention from past researchers, and a number of algorithms have been devised for the analysis of single, multi- and mixed-product assembly lines. In many cases, such algorithms seek a solution for the particular situation, which is under consideration and therefore have very little flexibility for generic application to assembly line design. Real life practical design issues include stochastic operation times, parallel workstation requirements, feasibility for workstation combining, and parallel line implementations, all of which are features which are ignored in many analyses.

The development of the wing has been always such that it should be able to produce the maximum lift due to the high pressure on the bottom surface and low pressure on the top surface of an airfoil. And these concepts clears that the flow of air/velocity of air will be low on the lower surface and higher on the upper surface of an airfoil. So, due to these differences in pressures and velocity the aerial can produce lift. Here to let fly the Bike in the air the Flat bottomed Airfoil has been chosen and usually the flat bottomed airfoil is called as the Clark Y and this has the feature as Maximum thickness of 11.7% at 28% chord and maximum camber of 3.4% at 42% chord.

of the infringement and its impact on consumer satisfaction. We offer ourselves to assess the level of perceived risk of counterfeit medicines among consumers. Indeed, this study was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire to a sample of 250 people. We had a dependent variable frequency of purchase. Purchase frequency was explained by the perceived risk factor initially been apprehensive; this factor comprising a number of variables all inspired by the literature review. Drawing on the methodology of Mallet (2004), we conducted an analysis at two levels, namely descriptive and explanatory. Descriptive analysis showed that the variable that best assess the risk is felt Risk incurred. Estimating a multinomial logistic regression, it appears that users do not perceive significant risks associated with the use of counterfeit drugs. In addition, the perception of risk is not sufficient to explain the frequency of purchase of counterfeit medicines. It would be possible for organizations that protect the rights of consumers to focus on the risks to alert consumers to significantly reduce the purchase and the consequences associated with the use of counterfeit drugs1.

Phosphorus, although not required in large quantities, is very critical to cowpea production because of its multiple effects on nutrition; shoot development and its influence on nodulation. Phosphorus application stimulates plant root growth, early flowering, enhances fruiting, initiate nodule formation as well as increase in yield of cowpea. In spite of this immense importance of P in soils, its availability to cowpea growth and development is influenced by several factors, which include level and time of application. Knowledge in level of P and time of application to facilitate timely availability of the P fertilizer to improve cowpea yield is critical in order to avertthe continues reduction of cowpea yield by farmers. As a result a 3x4 factorial experiment arranged in split-plot design was conducted at the University for Development Studies experimental site, Nyankpala near Tamale in the northern region of Ghana campus to determine the appropriate P fertilizer levels and timing of application. Three levels of P fertilizer; 24, 48 and 60 kg ha-1 P was applied at 30, 15 days before plating. However, a third application was implemented at sowing.

It was tried to prepare the capsules containing L-cysteine with the melting dispersion cooling method. Tripalmitin was selected as the shell material in order to keep out water and a few fatty acid esters such as ethyl laurate, ethyl stearate, ethyl myristate, ethyl oleate, ethyl palmitate and bees wax were added in the shell material as the modification materials in order to improve the water proof of the capsule shell. Furthermore, the capsules were coated by the coating materials such as oleic acid, ethyl oleate, triolein and ethyl laurate. It was investigated how the concentration of oil soluble surfactant and the combination of the shell material with both the modification materials and the coating materials affected the characteristics of capsules such as the content and the release feature of core material, the water proof and the swelling degree of capsules. With increasing the concentration of oil soluble surfactant, the released ratio decreased, become minimum and then, increased. The content could be increased by addition of modification materials. It was found that the released ratio was considerably depressed by ethyl laurate and ethyl palmitate as the modification materials and by oleic acid as the coating material and promoted by bees wax as the modification materials.

Long-acting reversible contraceptive methods can substantially reduce the high levels of unwanted pregnancy as well as maternal mortality and morbidity more in developing countries. The main objective of this research was to assess factors affecting use of long acting reversible contraceptive methods among married women of reproductive age group in Debre Markos town. Institution based un-matched case-control study was implemented from March 1- April 30/ 2013. A total of 120 long acting and 240 short acting contraceptive method users with 1:2 cases to control ratio were included in the study. Consecutive registration was used to select the study participants. Female data collectors were recruited and a semi structured pretested questionnaire using interview technique was used for data collection. Data entry and clearing was done using EPI data 3.5.1 and it was then transported to SPSS version 16 statistical packages for analysis. Women at age 20-24 years were 3.69 times more likely to use long acting reversible contraception than women at age 30-34.