Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Euphorbiaceae) [EO] fruit is traditionally used as a general health tonic in Ayurveda. In the present study the effect of alcoholic extract of EO fruits was evaluated on acute stress induced biochemical and psychological changes in mice. Acute stress was induced by restraint stress method and the effect of EO at the doses of 100, 250 and 500mg/kg was evaluated on levels of plasma glucose and corticosterone. The level of anxiety induced by acute stress was measured by subjecting the mice to elevated plus maze. The extract at the doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg significantly countered the stress induced elevated plasma glucose and cortisol levels. Likewise, the extract at the doses of 250 and 500mg/kg increased the number of entries and time spent in the open arm in elevated plus maze. In conclusion the Emblica officinalis fruit extract significantly reduces the adverse effects of stress on physical and mental health.

Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn. (Dioscoreaceae) [TZ] leaf is traditionally used as a general health tonic in tribal regions of south India. In the present study the effect of alcoholic extract of TZ leaves was evaluated on acute stress induced anxiety in mice at oral doses of 100mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg. Acute stress was induced by restraint stress method and the stressed rodents were evaluated in light and dark model and elevated plus maze. The extract at the doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg showed a significant increase in the number of crossings and reduced time spent in the dark chamber in light and dark model. Further, it significantly reduced the time spent in the closed arm in elevated plus maze as compared to stressed mice. Moreover, TZ significantly reduced stress induced increased plasma corticosterone levels and hyperglycemia in rats.

Cloud computing is an internet based computing where virtual shared servers provide software, infrastructure, platform and other resources to customers on a pay-as-you-use basis. In one of the services offered by cloud viz. Storage as a Service, users outsource their data to cloud without having direct possession or control on it. Storage of large data in cloud reduces costs and maintenance. But the customer is unaware of the storage location. Here risk involved is modification of data or tampering of data. In this paper we propose a data correctness scheme in which Third Party can audit the data stored in the cloud and assure the customer that the data is safe. Hence we implemented a scheme for verifying integrity of data. Such verification systems prevent the cloud storage archives (storage) from misrepresenting or modifying the data stored by using frequent checks on the storage archives.

The verticillium dahliae liquid culture was extracted with butanol. The BE was able to induce necrosis of cutting stem of olive tree at 40 µg/ml the same toxicity was obtained with acetone precipitate (AP) at 50 µg/ml. The CPG profile of the fraction obtained by purification of BE on preparative TLC showed the presence of two peaks. The identification of these two compounds was based on the mass spectrum and confirmed by the data from library of mass spectra NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), and were assigned as two isomers: E-cinnamyl acetate (major product, VdT) and Z-cinnamyl acetate (minor product).

Airbag systems such as frontal and side-impact airbags are developed to reduce occupant injuries during vehicle collisions. Yet, such systems have caused serious injuries to out-of-position occupants especially to smaller females and children. The primary objective of this study is to examine the different influential factors such asmass flow rate, fabric permeability ratio, fabric maximum inflated depth that contribute to OOP occupant injuries in airbag-related accidents. A mathematical model of Heidelberg stationary test, vehicle interior and seat mounted side-airbag is developed using the MADYMO code 7.4.2. The mathematical model of the airbag used in this study is a torso-only seat-mounted side-impact airbag (SAB). The airbag model is validated against similar study conducted by Hallman et al. and the results are found to be in good agreement. Once the airbag model is validated, the airbag and the anthropomorphic test dummy are positioned in a vehicle environment to better predict the occupant injuries in a static environment. The ATD test configurations are performed in accordance to the recommendations by The Side Airbag Out-Of-Position Injury Technical Working Group. Lastly, a set of parametric equations to predict the OOP occupants’ injuries are developed using the full factorial design.

The research work deals with the detailed modeling of a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system in Simulink. Field oriented control is used for the operation of the drive. The simulation includes all realistic components of the system. This enables the calculation of currents and voltages in different parts of the inverter and motor under transient and steady conditions. The losses in different parts are calculated, facilitating the design of the inverter. A closed loop control system with a Proportional Integral (PI) controller in the speed loop has been designed to operate in constant torque and flux weakening regions. Implementation has been done in Simulink.

The improvements in Internet technologies and growing demands on online multimedia businesses have made digital copyrighting as a major challenge for businesses that are associated with online content distribution via diverse business models including pay-per-view, subscription, trading, etc. Copyright protection and the evidence for rightful ownership are major issues associated with the distribution of any digital images. Digital watermarking is a probable solution for digital content owners that offer security to the digital content. In recent years, digital watermarking plays a vital role in providing the apposite solution and numerous researches have been carried out. In this paper, an extensive review of the prevailing literature related to the Bio- watermarking is presented together with classification by utilizing an assortment of techniques. In addition, a terse introduction about the Digital Watermarking is presented to get acquainted with the vital information on the subject of Digital Watermarking.

The ecological flow is the minimum flow of a river necessary to maintain its aquatic fauna. In the present study, this flow was estimated for the Preto River, which belongs to the Piabanha River Basin, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Because the Preto River’s entire length is within the state, its management is under the responsibility of the Rio de Janeiro State Environmental Institute (INEA). The INEA adopts the value of 50% of Q7,10 as the minimum ecological flow for rivers in the state. Hydrological data were obtained from a stage gauge located on the river, allowing estimation of the ecological flow. The results were satisfactory, because the two ecological flow values calculated were lower than the lowest flow observed during the historic discharge series of the river.

Depression has been increasingly diagnosed in the college age population with the American College Health Association reporting 16% of all college students having been diagnosed with depression.1 In another large survey of American college students, over half reported some depressive symptoms since entering college.2 Correspondingly, the percentage of all people treated with antidepressants grew over the past two decades. On college campuses in the United States, the numbers of prescriptions for antidepressants increased between the early 1990s and 2005, with estimates as high as 25-50% of the college students being seen in student health counseling centers being medicated with antidepressants. Evidence suggesting increase risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior among children and adolescents taking antidepressants led to the issuing of a public health advisory and a government mandate for “black box” warnings being placed on these medications in 2007.7 There is now some evidence that the trend of treating adolescents and young adults with antidepressants may be decreasing. Although much has been published on the use of antidepressants and how to identify depression in this age group, there have been few qualitative studies that explore the experience of young people who have been medicated with antidepressants.5,9

Sage (Salvia) species is known as the Functional Novel Natural Medicine, Salvia Extract are considered important for drug development, because they are reported to have Pharmacological activity in the Asia, Middle East especially China and India. For a long time Salvia has been used in traditional medicine for the relief of pain, protecting the body against oxidative stress, free radical damages, angiogenesis, inflammation, bacterial and virus infection, etc. Several studies suggest that sage might potentially provide novel natural treatments for the relief or cure of many serious and life threatening diseases in addition to treating minor common illnesses such as depression, dementia, obesity, diabetes, lupus, heart disease and cancer. This plant is used as Medicine in Asia, Africa, Middle East, South America, and some Countries in Europe. This article presents comprehensive analysis information on botanical, chemical and Pharmacological aspect of Sage (Saliva).