The advancement in miniature, lightweight, low-cost, and smart physiological sensor nodes should be done by the current development in sensor nodes and power efficient integrated circuits. The sensor nodes should have the capacity of sensing, processing, controlling and communication. The applications of these sensors for health monitoring includes Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) or Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs).Many works have been done for developing WBSNs as flexible, reliable, secure, real-time, and power-efficient for health monitoring. In this paper, a three stage design for mobile health application is proposed for maintaining the patient data with authentication and confidentiality by using the key sharing and management mechanism. It is highly essential if the patient is having an embarrassing disease.

Bangladesh is an agro-based economy. To achieve self sufficiency of food-grain production in Bangladesh, it is very important to increase the production of rice, particularly Boro rice. Production may be increased, firstly, by introducing modern technology in the long-run or secondly, by improving the efficiency of the farmers in the short-term. In this study, researcher is focusing to achieve the target by improving the efficiency of the farmers. Modern econometric tools, like Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) is used for measuring the efficiencies of the farmers. Empirical results of this study shows that average technical, allocative and economic efficiency of the farmers during Boro period are 86 per cent, 75 per cent and 64 per cent respectively. So, it is possible by making the farmers technically and allocatively efficient, production of Boro rice could be increased by 14 to 36 per cent without any increase in input use, technology is given. In this study, we also find some important inefficiency factors which affect the production of Boro rice in Bangladesh, such as, inadequate extension services, insufficient credit facilities, and land degradation. Importantly, we are trying to quantify them by using Tobit regression model. Study suggests that authority should address these inefficiency factors properly and take necessary action by increasing credit facilities and extension services and reducing land degradation by using more environment friendly fertilizers and pesticides. Therefore, it expected that inefficiency of the farmers decrease and eventually the target of self-sufficiency of food-grain production by 2013 may be achieved.

In wireless sensor networks (WSN), the single path routing may result in path failure during data transmission and re-establishment of alternate path might take more duration. Also, using architecture with single sink node can cause issues of energy dissipation and poor channel condition. In order to overcome these issues, in this paper, we propose a reliable and energy saving multipath routing in multisink wireless sensor networks. The proposed architecture contains multiple sink nodes and neighbors of sink nodes are considered to be representative nodes which are in one hop distance. Initially, each node constructs neighbor and representative node table based on the parameters such as residual energy, transmission success rate and hop count of the nodes. When the node wants to transmit the data from source to destination, it establishes the multiple optimal paths for data transmission based on link weight estimate based on the parameters such as energy level and transmission success rate stored in neighbor table. By simulation results, we show that the proposed approach minimizes the energy consumption and link failures.

A national theatre embodies the performing treasures of the nation‘s inheritance for a glorious cause. The theatre brings the best not just to its people but also to the world and further deals with artistic and creative imaginations. It then beholds on Government to encourage the theatre as a body that preserves and promotes the cultural values of the nation. As a cultural Institution, this study explores the management constraints on the National Arts Theatre as well as that of the MUSON Centre, Lagos. Personal Observation and interview techniques were adopted. At the end, it was observed that government policies, funding and organisational bottle-neck that encourages bureaucracy are some major challenges against effective management of a theatre in a developing country.

This paper presents a delay measurement technique using signature analysis, and a scan design for the proposed delay measurement technique to detect small-delay defects. The proposed measurement technique measures the delay of the explicitly sensitized paths with the resolution of the on-chip variable clock Generator. The proposed scan design realizes complete on-chip delay measurement in short measurement time using the proposed delay measurement technique and extra latches for storing the test vectors. The evaluation with Rohm 0.18- m process shows that the measurement time is 67.8% reduced compared with that of the delay measurement with standard scan design on average. The area overhead is 23.4% larger than that of the delay measurement architecture using standard scan design, and the difference of the area overhead between enhanced scan design and the proposed method is 7.4% on average. The data volume is 2.2 times of that of test set for normal testing on average.

Internet of things is getting developed rapidly. Each and every day new devices are getting connected with internet. This stream of IOT brings new experience in our daily life. Connecting our wearable devices, gadgets, keys etc can make our own home a new world to us. Every component of our house can communicate with us through IOT. But connecting each device with internet requires costly devices like Wi-Fi modems, GPRS modems etc. This makes connecting each component with internet quiet expensive. In this paper we have developed a cost effective way of connecting each component with internet quiet expensive. In internet. As most of the household components are stationary and close to each other they can be connected with each other through mesh networking. A central device will receivetheir information and transmit it to internet. The cheapest way to create a mesh network is to use NRF protocol and a WIFI modem does the rest of the work to upload each and every data of this network to internet. In this project there are several nodes regarding their purpose like sensor nodes to collect temperature, humidity, co2 gas quantity and monitor through internet. Control nodes turn on or off AC, fans, lights of house and detection node to find out keys, sun glasses, and small objects.

People, mainly in developing country are not aware about the pure water problem around the world. This paper focuses on water uses and wastage in developing country.It shows an automatic water measuring and billing system. Implementing high end technology for developing country like Bangladesh is very difficult. So a very cheap and cost effective water billing system is being introduced in the paper to save water for future.

Agriculture has played a key role in the process of socio-economic development of our country.Agriculture has all along been the most crucial sector of the Indian economy and even today agriculture and allied activities make the single largest attribution to Gross Domestic product accounting for nearly one fourth of the total. In Odisha, both Agriculture and Animal Husbandry provides employment directly or indirectly to around 65 per cent of the total workforce. It is ironic that Indian agriculture sector is moving in a reverse direction different from that of the non-agriculture sections. This tendency has been earmarked in the country throwing the responsibility to the agriculture market set ups failure to provide incentives to the former for more production and to stay on profession. The state Odisha comes under such tragic scenario. The economic development of the state logs behind the other states of India. This not only impressed to conduct a survey but also to evaluate the role of agricultural marketing for the development of rural economy of the district and the steps taken by state government in agricultural marketing.Also to assess the regulated agricultural knowledge based marketing system. Finally, the study gives some suggestions for the improvement of efficiency and transparency in the marketing of agricultural produce.

Nutrition plays important role in development of growth and development of child. In many developing countries poor nutritional status is mainly due to illiteracy, poverty, least job opportunities etc. Poor hygiene, intestinal infection, worm infestation are another important groups leading malnutrition in India. Cross sectional study was conducted in Bhojpuri slum which is densely Muslim populated slum of Aligarh City, Uttar Paradesh on 300 children. Objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status of children below ten years of age. Measurement of height and weight was done by weighing machine and measuring scale removing shoes with minimal clothing. To measure the stunting of children enrolled in this study, height of the children measured during study was compared with expected height for age. The magnitude of stunting was decided on the basis of Water low classification and was stastically analyzed using chi square test. Our study also revealed that incidence of grade III malnutrition in 7-10 year age group was highest (27.7%). Present study also concluded that prevalence of stunting among the children of Bhujpura Slum was more prevalent than wasting. It was found that out of 300 children 248 (83%) were stunted and male female proportion was 162 (65%) and 86 (34.7%) respectively. Malnutrition prevalent in these children can be attributed to their low socio economic status, poverty and early age of employment.

Today, because of the vulnerability of standard authentication system, law-breaking has accumulated within the past few years. Identity authentication that relies on biometric feature like face, iris, voice, hand pure mathematics, handwriting, retina, fingerprints will considerably decrease the fraud. so that they square measure being replaced by identity verification mechanisms. Among biometrics fingerprint systems are one amongst most generally researched and used. it's fashionable due to their easy accessibility. During this paper we tend to discuss the elaborated study of various gift implementation define strategies together with their comparative measures and result analysis thus as realize a brand new constructive technique for fingerprint recognition.