The objective of this work was to select isolates of Trichoderma spp. with potential of antagonism against Sclerotina sclerotiorum, in vitro. We used ten isolates of Trichoderma spp. and an isolate of S. sclerotiorum along with “inhibition by Volatile Products” and "direct confrontation" techniques. The results of in vitro procedures, lead to the selection of the isolates JCO UFT-28, JCO UFT -37, JCO UFT -45, JCO UFT -63 and JCO UFT-85, which were Trichoderma spp. that showed better antagonistic activity on the isolated S. sclerotiorum.

The presentation is about the significance of the bioindicators concerning environmental protection within the process of cleaning sewage. The existence of one or multicelled organisms indicates the presence, condition or absence of certain parts of the water cleaning process. This way the optimal operation of the purifying appliances can be checked continuously and controlled in an environment friendly way.

Fast and frequent change in technology has put the present day managers under pressure. This pressure has impact on their personality dimensions and consequently on their capabilities to perform. So, one of the most critical issue of modern era is to study the impact of changing psychological dimensions on managerial effectiveness. This research was aimed to study effects of improved psychological traits like need for achievement and risk adaptiveness on managerial effectiveness. Statistical universe for this study was the managers having experience of more than three years from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Managerial Effectiveness, Need for achievement and Risk adaptiveness among managers were assessed by using the Index of Managerial Effectiveness test devised by Walter W. Hudson (1993) Achievement Motive Test (AMT) developed by Bhargava, V.P. (1994) and Risk Adaptiveness Test (RAT) developed by Rishipal & Jain, N (2012) respectively. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study was conducted by using the before and after with control group research design to compare the effectiveness of treatment group consisting of ineffective managers having lower tendency of need for achievement and risk adaptiveness and control group consisting of the effective managers having higher degree of need for achievement and risk adaptiveness. Control and treatment group were formed by adopting the sampling technique of randomization on availability basis. Before treatment both the control and treatment group were tested. The mean scores for managerial effectiveness (ME), need for achievement (N-ach) and risk adaptiveness (RA) for control group were 174, 39 and 26 respectively whereas the mean scores of test group before treatment for managerial effectiveness (ME), need for achievement (N-ach) and risk adaptiveness (RA) were 73, 18 and 9 respectively. There was significant difference between the pre and post treatment mean scores values of managerial effectiveness (M

A promising option to raising busty interchange in system communication could be Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks among scalable and support routing effective. The routing schemes with disputation resolution got much interest, because the OBS network is buffer less in character. Because the deflection steering can use limited optical buffering or actually no buffering thus the choice or deflection routing techniques can be critical. Within this paper we investigate the affirmation of the current literature on alternate (deflection) routing strategies accessible for OBS networks.

This study evaluated the coastal fisheries value chain (CFVC) of Ogun Waterside Local Government Area (LGA), Nigeria. 176 fisherfolks were selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques for interview schedule administration. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Fishermen, fish processors and fish-marketers were the major actors of the CFVC and their average ages were 34.79+0.57, 39.05+0.58 and 36.73+0.65 years; 91.7%, 57.8% and 70.4% of them were married, having an average household size of 9, 10 and 6 persons respectively. Actors in the CFVC were mainly uneducated (43.1%, 31.2% and 66.0% respectively). Chi- Square analysis revealed a significant association (P < 0.05) between the socio-economic characteristics and total revenue of the respondents. There was no significant association between the constraints faced by the fishermen (ô€®—2=0.253, P > 0.05) and total revenue; although it was significant for the fish processors (ô€®—2=0.000, P < 0.05) and fish-marketers (ô€®—2=0.000, P < 0.05) at 95% fractile level. The study concluded that poor transportation network, high cost of fishing inputs, inadequate funding and poor storage facilities were major constraints to CFVC development and that the fish-marketers stage was the most profitable compared to the other stages in the CFVC.

With the present changing and uncertain economic and marketing scenario the available resources must be utilised by the most optimum way, so that the predetermined goal is achieved. There are number of tools and techniques that are used directly and as support system in the business for success. Forecasting is also a powerful tool and technique which is used as support system to the industrial environment so that future of the business can be predicted accurately. It provides the basis to plan the future requirements for men, machine and materials, time, money etc. so that the wastage will be least.This paper presents the reviews of different works in the area of industrial forecasting support systems and tries to find out latest developments and technologies available in industries and show how they are beneficial to achieve an accurate forecasting.

Classification & Applicability of various metamaterials found to be promising in designing high efficiency solar cells. Also light absorption & polarization of electromagnetic energy have been found very prominent in case of metamaterials. Theoretical modeling of metamaterial solar cell has been developed in this study to achieve high efficiency. Hence, composite metamaterials have been investigated and metamaterial property like negative refractive index has been thoroughly studied. It has been found that if anti-reflective coating of solar cell is made of metamaterial, and its refractive index is 1 then no reflection occurs and the efficiency increases without any polarization effect. Also it has been realized that by using sawtooth structure in the second layer of metamaterial solar cell, the band gap can be tuned thus covering the whole solar spectrum and increasing efficiency. The simulation of the proposed model has been done utilizing PC1D, Wx AMPS and Matlab. Metamaterial solar cell shows promising future and this research work can be successfully used to design & develop metamaterial based highly efficient solar cells

Mining activity creates tremendous pressure on local flora and fauna particularly where diversion of forest land takes place for mining purposes. The effect of mining on ground water level, silting of surrounding water bodies and land are also great concern. Coal mining contributes largely towards economic development of the nation although it has a great impact upon the human health. It also has its impact on socio-cultural aspect of the workers and people residing in and around coal mining areas. Thus a holistic approach for taking up to mining activities, keeping in mind concerns for adjoining habitats and ecosystem, is the need of the hour. This requires identification of various sites where minerals exist and various factors ranging from appropriate angle of slope of overburden dumps, safe disposal drains, and safe techniques to various silt control structures etc. In India Coal companies are now working towards “clean coal” strategies, which aim to reduce environmental impacts. The reduced ash contents of the washed coal increase the thermal efficiency of combustion. Which in turn make a direct impact on reducing emission of pollutants. However the coal washing requires extra water and it can turn towards a pollution free society.

A first order stochastic semi-empirical model for pharmacokinetics is presented and the real response of drug concentration to vital pharmacokinetics parameters studied. By invoking Gaussian kinetics and the residual drug concentration eliminated, the probability densities and the response of concentration profiles are theoretically simulated, using empirical data based on our experience. The drug is administered for 3 days at regular time intervals of 3hr and 6hr, respectively, by refreshing the drug half-life. Results show that the amount of drug residue decreases with increasing dose, but increases with increase in ingestion time interval for corresponding dose. It is also shown that the real drug concentration increases to a threshold and decreases marginally for subsequent dose. However it is difficult to predict the response of drug concentration with changes in ingestion time interval. We recommend that for higher drug concentration the half-life be increased. Our simulation results qualitatively agree with those documented in the literatures

When heat flow is subject to temperature dependent thermal potential at the boundary, the associated local temperature field responds significantly, while the neighboring field is marginally influenced. This response results into effects quite intriguing. This paper examines these effects over a pure metallic plate. By considering both linear and non-linear thermal potentials induced at the edge of the plate as test cases, governed by Poisson Equation in 2- dimensions, finite element algorithm is employed to compute the temperature profiles. A control model is set-up, which admits Laplace Equation in 2-dimensions, and the outputs from the test models and the control model are examined and compared. The MATLAB results show notable effects. These results are discussed which are invaluable design factors for optimum efficiency of thermally driven systems such as in nuclear power plants, thermo-chemical plants, thermomechanical industries, lacers, solid state plasma, e.t.c. This paper, when incorporated with our previous work [9], serves as good theoretical grounds for believing the notable physical anomalies in heat transfer processes, such as the paradox of moving medium detected in the non-Fourier DPL heat conduction model [10]