The present study investigated Korea’s urban regeneration project which combined social-economicenvironmental regeneration and the efficiency of this project on the development of a green city. The study selected urban micro climate, which is closely related to urban public health and amenity, and analyzed the climate with cold wind speed as specified evaluation item to assess and compare its characteristics before and after the urban regeneration project. The result of analysis revealed the preferential need for a comprehensive plan which can reflect territorial and natural characteristics of a target area and its surroundings as they were found to be the base for a green city project. We concluded that a plan which adequately accounts for previously known conditions and combines additional ecofriendly methodologies can further promote green city projects and enhance the success of the relevant urban development projects.

Present research is a comparison between the various dimensions of the performance management among the loyal and disloyal employees. A sample of 162 bank employees was selected randomly on availability basis for this research from a universe of bank employees of private and nationalized banks situated at Punjab, Haryana and National Capital Region of New Delhi. Selected employees were tested for their loyalty. On the basis of higher and lower scores of loyalty, employees were divided into two groups, each having 57 subjects. First group was consisting of the subjects who scored on the loyalty scale from 87-117 and nominated as group of disloyals. Whereas, second group was consisting of employee who scored 120-150 and this group was categorized as loyals. After formation of loyal and disloyal groups, subjects of both the groups were tested for the role in performance management. Performance Management was tested with its four major dimensions, such as “Organizational Planning”, “Decision Making”, “Effective Execution”, and “Result Producing Capability”. The mean scores for organizational planning among loyal and disloyal groups were (22.3) and (10.6) respectively. There was significant difference between the mean score values of organizational planning between the loyal and disloyal employees. The mean score values for the capability of decision making were (21.7) and (9.5) respectively. There was significant difference in the mean scores of loyal and disloyal groups. When the mean scores of third dimension i.e. effective execution of performance management for loyal and disloyal employees group were compared, they were found (20.4) and (13.2). The mean scores of loyal and disloyal group for effective execution also differ significantly. Similarly the mean scores of result producing capability among loyal and disloyal groups were found (19.5) and (10.7). Mean score values of result producing capability also differs considerably. Lastly the combined m

Background and Objective : A number of studies have previously described elevated levels of homocysteine as an independent coronary heart disease and stroke risk factor. The results of above studies show different data for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genetic polymorphism and hyperhomocysteinemia, which is the cause of cerebrovascular accident. Purpose of the study was to determine whether there is a link between hyperhomocysteinemia and A1298CC, C677 genotype associated with acute cerebral infarction. Methods : The prospective study included patients (n=102) with acute cerebral infarction, regardless of its genesis or transient ischemic attack, and patients with a history of cerebral infarction of any age, that correlates with the imaging techniques. The control group (n = 34) consisted of patients without a history of cerebrovascular disease, showing no indication of previous strokes according to imaging techniques. Homocysteine was determined using IMMULITE 2000 testing system. Results : Comparing the both groups, increased homocysteine level association with the cerebrovascular event was not observed (p=0.4). By studying the genetic polymorphism of MTHFR, a statistically significant relationship of elevated homocysteine with C677TT (p=0.15), C677CT (p=0.61) and C677CC (p=0.90) was not detected. Similar results were obtained for A1298 genetic polymorphism. Conclusion : This study showed that there is no link between hyperhomocysteinemia and MTHFR genetic polymorphism in the investigated population associated with risk of acute cerebral infarction. Taking into consideration the relationship of homocysteine with folic acid and vitamin B12 levels, the next phase of study will include the determination of these two parameters in addition.

The tourism industry is one of the most important industries in the world since it employs “more than 250 million people worldwide” (Coshall 2003, p.4). This industry, which includes transport, lodging, and catering, is expected to generate $12,119 billion of revenues and 279,346,000 jobs in 2016 (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 2006). The tourism industry worldwide is also expected to indirectly and directly contribute 10.9% to Gross Domestic Product (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 2006). However, the tourism industry is an extremely sensitive and vulnerable activity which can be impacted by important events such as terrorism, political insecurity, and natural disasters (Coshall, 2003).

One of the most important global phenomena that are currently threatening the ecosystem is land degradation and is mainly caused by the climatic changes and human influence. Land degradation is the reduction in the capability of the land to produce benefits from a particular land use under a specified form of land management. Land degradation is the consequence of important processes, which is active in arid and semi-arid ecosystems, where water is the original limiting factor in execution of land application. Remotely sensed data provide timely, accurate and reliable information on degraded lands at definite time intervals in a cost effective manner. In this research, the TM/ETM+ images were used to study changes occurred in the first decade of the new millennium; May 2001 to April 2011. In the present study, efforts have been made to identify and map areas affected by land degradation in Kot Addu tehsil of Muzaffargarh, Punjab province, Pakistan. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), change detection technique was applied upon TM/ETM+ images and further unsupervised classification was used for extraction of information regarding the desert, bare soil, cultivatable land and cultivated land. The NDVIs properties help mitigate a large part of the variations that result from the overall remotesensing system. The result shows that the desert is 458.73 km2 (17%), bare soil is 1160.33 km2 (43%), cultivated land is 647.62 km2 (24%) and cultivatable land is 431.75 km2 (16%) in April 2011. The values of the Kappa statistics were used to compare the performance of the classifiers. The data sets were analyzed using ArcGIS software in the Geographic Information System environment and can be implemented in the drylands of Pakistan.

Several of thousands of bioactive compounds have been mined from the natural product resources both from the marine and terrestrial environment all over the world. Natural product has proved potentiality of many plants for diverse clinical conditions. Many plants were found to contain compounds, the bioactive components which are used in natural medicine. In this study, the plant of interest is Hydrocotyle verticillata, mistakenly identified to be “Gotu ko la” (Centella asiatica) by local folks of Iligan City and Butuan City, Philippines. The natural components of the aerial part of H. verticillata were extracted using solvent extraction. The crude ethanolic extract of the aerial part of Hydrocotyle verticillata was further subjected to solvent partitioning according to increasing polarity: n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), dichloromethane (DCM) and water. Bioassays like Brine Shrimp Lethality Test was then conducted to test which of the extracts consist of bioactive components. Among the four partitioned solvent extracts, result showed that n – hexane extract showed to be the most bioactive since it has the lowest LC50 . Fractionation and purification of the hexane extract was done through series of Gravity Column Chromatography (GCC). Four isolates (HF5B1, HF5B2, HF5B3 and HF5B4) were obtained. Analysis using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (normal phase HPLC) showed three of the isolates (HF5B2, HF5B3 and HF5B4) to have similar profile, two peaks of closely similar retention time. HF5B2 was further purified in HPLC and yielded a subfraction HF5B2a with a single sharp peak on the HPLC chromatogram and with a retention time of 8.135 min. This subfraction was partially characterized using Perkin Elmer FTIR Spectrometer. The spectrum showed peaks for the following functional groups: NH, C=O, C-C(O)-C, and CN stretch (aliphatic amine). Considering the presence of these functional groups particularly the amine, the isolated metabolite HF5B2A from hexane ext

The study aims to gain knowledge about the marital status and age factors influencing the investment behaviour of women towards financial instruments with special reference to Erode district. Through the existing literature can be known that there are certain age and marital differences occurs in the behaviour of selecting the investment sources .younger and unmarried are usually risk takers. Older and married are avoiding taking risk. So the descriptive study is carried out to identify about these factors which are influencing the investment decision. Convenient sampling techniques are used to identify the respondents and it is limited to Erode District. The study will be helpful to the government or non-governmental organizations to launch various saving schemes based on the age and marital status to the women to ensure their saving habits so as to promote economic development of the country.

Frequent itemset mining plays an important role in association rule mining. The Apriori & FP-growth algorithms are the most famous algorithms which have their own shortcomings such as space complexity of the former and time complexity of the latter. Many existing algorithms are almost improved based on the two algorithms and one such is APFT [11], which combines the Apriori algorithm [1] and FP-tree structure of FP-growth algorithm [7]. The advantage of APFT is that it doesn’t generate conditional & sub conditional patterns of the tree recursively and the results of the experiment show that it works fasts than Apriori and almost as fast as FP-growth. We have proposed to go one step further & modify the APFT to include correlated items & trim the non correlated itemsets. This additional feature optimizes the FP-tree & removes loosely associated items from the frequent itemsets. We choose to call this method as APFTC method which is APFT with correlation.

Thesis is devoted to network with WiMAX. It is claimed that WiMAX provides a perfect opportunity for an alternative network development. Discussion is based on five main aspects of WiMAX network implementation. Establishment and development of Base Stations (BS), Access Service Network Gateway (ASNG), and Connectivity Service Network (CSN), Base Station Controllers (BSC) and an Analogous Option (AO) to the GSM model are taken into account. The above mentioned entities are considered as integrative parts of WiMAX network establishment and implementation. Starting from 2011 the system was updated and rate was up to 1 Gigabits for fixed stations. The main emphasis in thesis is made on alternative nature of WiMAX.

In spite of including crucial errors, Wald’s book has become a standard reference, in part, because the 1993 No- bel Prize Committee for physics made the same mist- akes. He also has circumvented some errors of Misner, Thorne and Wheeler, but he still fails to understand Einstein’s equivalence principle. Moreover, he maintains the major common errors, the existence of dynamic and wave solutions for the Einstein equation, and thus also the claimed validity of linearization for weak gravity and the perturbation approach. Another problem is that he failed to see the invalidity of Einstein’s covariance principle in physics. This is due to that in spite of his being additionally cautious, Wald was often not able to tell the difference between mathematics and physics. Although his main errors have been shown in the literature, some theorists may not have the mathematical background or the time to go though these. In this paper, his errors are illustrated and explained in mathematics at the undergraduate leve