Many maintenance-scheduling methods have been proposed using conventional mathematical programming methods or heuristic techniques. Heuristic approaches provide the most primitive solution based on trial-and-error approaches. Mathematical optimization based techniques are completely distinct from classical programming and trial-and-error heuristic methods. These techniques have been proposed to solve small maintenance scheduling problems. In this paper we explain the difference between both methods in solving generator maintenance scheduling (GMS) problem.

This paper examines the key strategies for institutionalizing taxation in Nigeria. Using descriptive analysis the paper shows that tax collection in Nigeria is low and inefficient. Bulk of the revenue for financing government activities come from the proceeds from petroleum sales. However, there is prospect for taxation in Nigeria. Therefore, it is argued that taxation can be encouraged and made a national culture if good governance is achieved as the basis for prompt and effective service delivery.

The study was conducted to elucidate the correlation between direct antisperm antibody (ASA) test and some semen characters of infertile men at the Institute of Embryo Researches and Infertility Treatment at Al-Nahrain University from March 2009 to June 2010. Microscopic and macroscopic semen analysis, Direct Sperm MAR IgA test and Direct Sperm MAR IgG test were performed on semen samples.Forty-two men were included in the study, of whom, all underwent direct sperm MAR IgA test, but due to observer bias, only 36 Direct sperm MAR IgG tests were included in the study. There was a significant correlation between suspected IgA and viscosity (r=0.65, p=0.02 ); suspected IgA and pH (r=0.42, p=0.04 ); and suspected IgG and liquefaction time (r=0.44, p=0.04). A significant negative correlation was found between suspected IgG and progressive sperm motility (r=-0.44, p=0.04); suspected IgG and suspected IgA with morphologically normal sperm percentage (r=-0.65, p=0.03 and r=-0.43, p= 0.04, respectively); suspected IgG and sperm agglutination (r=- 0.54, p=0.03).This study, recommends the use of Direct tests instead of the indirect assays in andrology laboratories in Iraq.

Most of the E-Learning applications perform poorly in motivating employees to learn. To solve this problem, we need to examine what workplace e-learning requires and how workplace e-learning systems should be developed in line with those requirements. We investigated the problem by identifying the fundamental elements of the workplace learning environment including the learner, organization, learning content and social context, and their relationships. We found that workplace e-learning should align individual and organizational learning needs, connect learning and work performance, and support social interaction among individuals. To achieve this, a performance testing approach is proposed. Key performance indicators are utilized to clarify organizational goals, make sense of work context and requests on work performance, and accordingly help employees set up rational learning objectives and enhance their learning process. Using this approach, prototype system has been developed and a set of experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. This paper also presents the use of software verification, validation and testing technique, traditionally used in the software development, in the design and implementation of E-Learning products. We examine the ways one can apply testing techniques in E-Learning life cycle. This includes the strategy adoption for the selection of testing technique along with tool acquisition and measurement. The objective is to develop a collaborative approach involving software testing and educational methodology.

The study was conducted in Idanre Local Government Area of Ondo State to analyze the gender and farm technical efficiency of cocoa production(Why the research? Is it to increase productivity or to correct gender issues? State it here). The data were collected from 100 respondents with the use of structured questionnaire, which involved 54 men and 46 women cocoa farmers. The maximum likelihood estimates of frontier model of male farmers showed that only family labour and pesticides were significant while for female farmers, hired labour, insecticides and family size were significant. In addition, the inefficiency model of male cocoa farmers showed that age, education and experience were significant on technical inefficiency while female inefficiency model was significant in education, experience and age of cocoa plant. The technical efficiency showed that a lot can be done to increase the production capacity of both gender in order to make them technically efficient.

This paper applies the homotopoy analysis method (HAM) to obtain the solution of multi-order fractional differential equation. The fractional derivative is described in Caputo sense. Some test examples have been present.

Black hole attack is a serious threat in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). In this attack, a malicious node injects a faked Route Reply message to deceive the source node so that the source node establishes a route to the malicious node and sends all the data packets to the malicious node. The black hole attack can degreed the performance of different routing protocols. During this attack, a malicious node captures packets and not forwards them in the network. This paper illustrates how black hole attack can affect the performance of Mobile Ad hoc networks by using NS-2.34 simulator.

This study examined the influence of Expensed Human Resources Cost (HRC) on corporate productivity. Human resources have been identified as one of the main sources of competitive advantage by many organizations in today’s economy. This is true not only of knowledge intensive organizations, which are based on services and Intangible outputs, but also increasingly of more traditional organizations, both in the private and public sectors. However, human resources are still not recognized in the reporting mechanisms, despite an interest dating back to the 1960s in techniques such as human resource accounting (HRA). In other to investigate the above issues, the researcher gathered data from ten (10) companies listed in the Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) with the aid of a questionnaire using an expost facto design. The study revealed that expensed human resources (remuneration, protection and dismissal/ compensation) costs are important determinants of expensed human resources cost and does significantly influence corporate productivity. Conclusively, expensed human resources cost approach to corporate productivity measurement which have gained substantial attention and use in recent years provides further opportunities for utilization of human resource accounting measures. Finally, the study recommended that employment security should be seen as an important part of high performance HRM practices. Companies that provide their employees with job security signal a long-standing commitment to their workforce, whom in turn is more motivated to develop special skills and competencies that are valued by their company. Employees who perceive that their jobs are secure are also more likely to suggest productivity improvements and to take a more comprehensive and long-term view of their jobs and the company’s productivity.

Purpose : Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a common arc welding process where the total welding cost includes the cost of the flux consumed during welding, SAW is preferable more its inherent qualities like easy control of process variables, high quality, deep penetration, smooth finish. Flux used in submerged arc welding contributes a major part towards welding cost. In the present work, the effect of operating voltage, welding current, welding speed and basicity index on flux consumption has been studied. Flux consumption for each bead was weighed. Although the physical and chemical properties of SAW fluxes have been studied widely, very little attention has been paid to the factors that affect its consumption. Design/Methodology and Technique : The experiment was designed based on a five level factorial central composite rotatable design with full replication . The experimental calculations and results graph was conducted as per the design matrix using Design Expert Software. The response surface methodology (RSM) is a set of techniques that encompasses (i) the designing of a set of experiments for adequate and reliable measurement of the true mean response of interest; (ii) the determining of mathematical model with best fits; (iii) finding the optimum set of experimental factors that produces maximum or minimum value of response; and (iv) representing the direct and interactive effects of process variables on the bead parameters through two dimensional and three dimensional graphs.

Amusement park is not only a source of entertainment but also a vibrant source of profit for a country. Rapid economic growth along with evolving of service sector espouses a substantial number of people who have regular income with diversified need. Among those needs entertainment plays a very important role. Because today’s people are very much concern about their mental health. They are aggressively active in entertainment market in order to maintain as well bring something new to their busy and rigid life structure. On the other hand, already structured Bangladesh theme park sector cannot no longer rely on centered leading due to immense competition and rapid evolving global market. It needs to be spared throughout the country. In order to earn handsome profit as well as ensure continuous growth, any entertainment sector needs to find new areas for providing service. Starting a new venture with new items with latest technology, extreme customer care and promptness in all area of operation can be finest solution of it. Today’s very much competitive business world it has become the toughest task to achieve customer satisfaction through quality service. In case of starting a new business and survive by competing with the prevailed sectors is more difficult. Because in every steps the customer will compare the aspects or offering of the current sectors with the new one. To maintain customer satisfaction it is necessary to understand the perception, attitude, expectation, psychology and motivation about a particular issue. considering this, in the very challenging environment any organization needs to keep the improvement flow smoother and marketing properly through effective planning and execution of conception, quality pricing and promotional campaign and selecting the exact distribution channel. The thorough evaluation will help to understand about the reason behind starting such venture, its specialty, operation and the acceptance of the park through the meas