Nanostructured Mo and MoO3 colloidal dispersions have been obtained reproducibly through reduction of ammonium molybdate by sodium borohydride in ionic liquids. When (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O is reduced by NaBH4 in both 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide and 1-butyl-3- methylimidazoliumdicyanamide at 180oC, nanostructured MoO3 formed as the major phase. The XRD pattern confirmed the crystalline nature of the material. The most representative reflections of MoO3 (JCPDS: 47-1081) were indexed in monoclinic crystal system (space group P2 1/c (14) Y-unique) . The average mean diameter of 53.8nm was calculated using Debye-Scherrer equation from full width at halfmaximum (FWHM) of (111), (-311), (160), (-421), (330) and (413) planes for material in IL EmimN(CN)2. But in BmimN(CN)2 the diameter was estimated to be 40.8nm. When the reduction was carried out in EmimOTf and BmimOTf, the products consists of metallic molybdenum and MoO3. The crystalline phase of MoO3 is rodlike and is determined to be orthorhombic, space group Pbnm(62) with the cell dimensions [a=3.963, b=13.856, c=3.696 Ǻ.; Vol.=203. Ǻ3, Z=4, ρ=4.7096gcm-1] corresponding to MoO3 (JCPDS: (35-0609). The average diameter of 51.0 and 48.9nm was calculated respectively for particles in IL EmimOTf. UV-Visible absorption spectra of the fraction in ionic liquid dispersed in ethanol .shows that the predominant feature in the spectra is the spin-allowed ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) from O2- ion tiu orbital to a d0 eg orbital, which is observed in the range 200-300nm centred at 212nm in the UV region. This strongly indicates the presence of metallic Molybdenum with particle size less than 100nm.

The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the scale of implementation of Just-In-Time (JIT) in the different industrial sectors in the Middle East. This study analyzes the empirical data collected by a questionnaire survey distributed to companies in five main industrial sectors in the Middle East, which are: food, construction, chemicals, fabrics and engineering. The following two main hypotheses are formulated and tested: 1- The requirements of JIT application differ according to the type of industrial sector. 2- The elements of JIT application differ according to the type of industrial sector. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA test were used to examine the two hypotheses. This study indicates a reasonable evidence for accepting these main hypotheses. It reveals that there is no standard way to adopt JIT as a production system, where each industrial sector should concentrate in the investment on critical requirements and elements that differ according to the nature and strategy of production followed in that sector.

While discourse analyses go back tothe second half of 1950s, related researches in the rhetoric field represent initiative interests’ centuries before by Islamic rhetoricians. Among the topics “Iltifat” as the “grammatical person shift inone or a sequence of sentences” has been quite controversialwithin the area; which considers the discourse participant shift among the speaker, addressee and absentee. Following abrief introduction to the topic of Iltifat, the present paper isaimed to present its common categories and sub-categories, and its importance from the point of discourse analysis, whichis then followed by the consideration of possible defective results of the grammatical person shift on cohesiveness ofQuran. In preparing the research 20 surahs of the holy book have been randomly selected, which have been analyzed onthe basis of the application of an integrative approach of Halliday and Hasan (1976) and De Beaugrande and Dressler(1981) towards cohesion. As a result the researchdemonstrates the holy book’s cohesiveness and the highQuranic usage of reference and specifically personal reference within the grammatical person shift amongst all the cohesive elements that are studied in detail in the paper. The matter ispresented together with the 8 resulted subdivisions of Iltifat inQuran on the basis of the research, as follows: grammaticalperson shift, number shift, person and number shift, numberand gender shift, shift in the addressee, function shift, dualIltifat and finally sequential Iltifat.

The electrochemical behaviour of a copper electrode in ammonium sulphide solutions was studied using cyclic voltammogrammetry and potentiostatic and galvanostatic polarization techniques. The morphology and composition of the layers formed on the copper electrode were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and X-ray powder diffractometry. Besides different binary copper sulphide phases the ternary phases NH4Cu7-xS4 and NH4CuS4 were observed, NH4Cu7-xS4 crystallizing as needles perpendicular to the electrode surface.

A finite element method involving collocation method with quintic B-splines as basis functions have been developed to solve sixth order boundary value problems. The sixth order and fifth order derivatives for the dependent variable are approximated by the central differences of fourth order derivatives. The basis functions are redefined into a new set of basis functions which in number match with the number of collocated points selected in the space variable domain. The proposed method is tested on several linear and non-linear boundary value problems. The solution of a non-linear boundary value problem has been obtained as the limit of a sequence of solutions of linear boundary value problems generated by quasilinearization technique. Numerical results obtained by the present method are in good agreement with the exact solutions or numerical solutions available in the literature.

In this article, we consider a continuous review perishable inventory system with instantaneous replenishment policy. The status of perishable item in inventory is assumed to be in any one of the three stages good, average and damaged. The demand process is assumed to be Poisson, replenishment is instantaneous and the deterioration process is prescribed by certain transition probability matrix. Various stationary system performance measures are obtained. The total system maintenance cost rate is calculated and an optimal value of the S is obtained.. The results are illustrated numerically.

The purpose of this paper is to perfect China’s ruralland consolidation liability legislation, so asto strengthen theexecutive ability and actual effect of the rural landconsolidation supervisionin China.Methodofliteratureanalysiswasemployed. The resultsindicate:(1) to do thetheoretical research based on legislative text is the mostrelevant research method; (2) the integral research on China’srural land consolidation liability legislation includes threeaspects, i.e., legislative system, legislative language andlegislative content. It is concluded that to perfect the rural landconsolidation liability legislation in China by the formulation ormodificationof relevant legislation is very necessary andpossible.

In this paper we studied the effect of heat treatment on the formation and distribution of dispersoid particles which were formed as a function of heat treatment in AlMgSi alloy containing transition elements in AlMgSi alloy which contained the transition elements such as Mn and Cr. The extrapolation technique of Cliff et al (1983) has been used to determine the composition of dispersoid particles.

In this work, a space-like rectifying curve with space-like principal normal in the Minkowski space-time is defined as a curve whose position vector always lies in orthogonal complement of its principal normal vector field . Also, we characterized such curves in terms of their curvature functions and we obtained the necessary and sficient conditions for such curve to be a rectifying curve.

We have developed a new model to study the structural, mechanical and thermal properties of SrS1-xSex, SrS1-xTex and SrSe1-xTex ternary alloys. This model includes the Coulomb interaction, TBI interaction, vander Waal interaction overlap repulsive interactions extended up to the second neighbour ions and covalent interaction. The variation of Gibb’s free energy, phase transition pressure and the bulk modulus from the concentration using Vegard’s law were observed for the three alloys. Our calculated results have revealed reasonably good agreement with the available experimental data on the phase transition pressures and volume collapse. In addition we have calculated other mechanical and thermal properties.