A digital clock has been designed at gate level and is being presented in this paper. The clock architecture consists of three major blocks SECOND,MINUTE and HOUR. The architecture is the amalgam both of synchronous and asynchronous logic. All the flip-flops at each block run synchronously. The triggering operation of a block is asynchronous in nature. It serves the design requiring lowe...

Black hole attack is a serious threat in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). In this attack, a malicious node injects a faked Route Reply message to deceive the source node so that the source node establishes a route to the malicious node and sends all the data packets to the malicious node. The black hole attack can degreed the performance of different routing protocols. During this attack...