This study aims to evaluate the effect of size on performance of Brazilian multimarket funds. The final sample is comprised by 231 funds covering 7,997 monthly observations in the period from January, 2009 to March, 2014. We employed multivariate regression analysis, with pooled data. Our research model also includes the following control variables: management fee, performance fee, and age. The main results show that size represents an important variable to address performance of investment funds in Brazil, and there are arguments about an optimal size for funds that operate in this market.

Vehicle collision characteristics significantly influenced by spot welded joints in vehicle steel body components. In engineering practice, spot welds are normally not modeled in detail, but as connection elements which transfer forces and moments. Therefore a proper methodology for the development detailed weld model to study structural response of the weld when the applied load range is beyond the yield strength discussed in this paper. Threedimensional finite element (FE) models of spot welded joints are developed using LS-Dyna. Simple spot weld models are developed based on the detailed model behavior developed earlier. In order to generate testing data, virtual tensile testing simulations are carried out with mesh sensitivity in the necking zone.

Outliers are observations that stand too different from others in a set of observations. When present in a data set, they affect both descriptive and inferential statistics. This work therefore, studies the sensitivity and robustness of one sample test statistics to outliers so as to know the appropriate one to test hypothesis about the population parameter when outliers are present. One sample test statistics considered are: parametrics test (Student t-test and ztest), non-parametric test (Wilcoxon Sign test (Distribution Sign test (DST), Asymptotic Sign test (AST)), Wilcoxon Signed rank test (Distribution Wilcoxon Signed rank test (DWST) and Asymptotic (AWST)), t-test for rank transformation (Rt-test) and Trimmed t-test statistics (Tt-test). Monte Carlo experiments, replicated five thousand (5000) times, were conducted at eight (8) sample sizes (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50) by simulating data from normal distribution. At each of the sample sizes, 10% and 20% of the generated data were randomly selected and invoked with various magnitude of outliers (-10, -9, -8,… 8, 9, 10). The test statistics were compared at three levels of significance, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01. A test is considered robust if its estimated error rate approximates the true error rate and has the highest number of times it approximates the error rate when counted over the percentage (%) of outliers, magnitudes of outliers and levels of significance; and if the counts is minimum the test statistics is sensitive. At all the three (3) levels of significance, results revealed that Type 1 error rates of Student t-test, Rt-test and AWST statistics are good; and that z-test and Student t-test statistics are most sensitive to outliers. The statistics robustness is affected by the levels of significance in that the sign test (DST and AST) is robust at 0.1; Tt-test and Wilcoxon Sign Rank test (DWST and AWST) at 0.05; and DST, AWST, Tttest and AST at 0.01 level of significance. Consequently, the Sign test

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether there is the momentum effect across 23 indices-level anomaly in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). This study also compares and contrasts the momentum strategy with both early-stage and late-stage momentum strategies. By using a sample of 23 Jordanian indices for the period from 2005 to 2015, this paper provide economically large momentum profits over the past 6, 9 and 12 months tend to outperform in the future. In addition, this study provides convincing evidence that late-stage momentum strategy consistently generates stronger profits than does the traditional momentum strategy. Although the CAPM model can explain the momentum profits, late-stage momentum strategy cannot completely explained by the CAPM model.

• Heart failure prevalence is raising throughout the world. • The overall prevalence of HF is thought to be increasing because current therapies for cardiac disorders, such as Myocardial Infarction (MI), Valvular Heart Disease, and Arrhythmias, are allowing patients to survive longer. • American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines define HF as a “Complex clinical syndrome that results from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood, which in turn leads to the cardinal clinical symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue and signs of HF namely edema and rales”. • Making the correct diagnosis in patients with Suspected Acute Heart Failure is challenging, and confirmatory in only 40-50% of Cases. • Several Studies have shown that when added to routine history, Clinical Examination and Conventional investigations measurement of plasma natriuretic peptide levels improve diagnostic accuracy. • B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) that are synthesized by the left and right atria in response to cardiomyocyte stretching. • The human BNP gene encodes a 108 amino acid pro hormone named proBNP.

Disease of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) is a global public health problem, with the only treatment option available being endoscopic surgery. Previous studies have suggested that anatomical variations of the PNS are common in different populations; however, there is little information available to verify this. Hence, the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of different anatomical variations of the PNS and nasal cavity among Sudanese patients who were referred by ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeons for a computed tomography (CT)-aided study. The total number of patients eligible for the study was 557; of these, 51 were excluded, 317were in the study group, and 189 were controls. The CT images were carefully reviewed and discussed with the involvement of consultant radiologists, an anatomist, and an otolaryngologist. Our results showed that there was extensive pneumatization of the frontal sinus (FS) in 37% of cases, a rudimentary FS in 11%, and absence of the FS in 12%. In addition, the Keros classification showed the FS to be normal in 55%, type I in 27%, type IIin 10%, type III in 6%, and type IV in only 2% of patients. A large ethmoid bulla (EB) was found in 43% of patients, but the remaining 57% had a normal ethmoid sinus. Posterior ethmoid cells showed extensive pneumatization unilaterally in 5%, and bilaterally in 3% of patients; 92% were normal. Extensive pneumatization of the sphenoid was seen in 49%of patients, while the remaining 51% had a normal sphenoid. The sphenoid septum was attached bilaterally to the internal carotid artery in 6% and unilaterally in 21% of patients. Aseptate sphenoid sinus (more than one septum) was found in 33% of patients; the remaining 67%were normal. A bilateral hypoplastic maxillary sinus was seen in 23%, a unilateral hypoplastic maxillary sinus in 3%, extensive pneumatization in 17%, bilateral septation in 17%, unilateral septation in 19%, Haller cells in 33%, and normal anatomy in 67% of patients. To

Knowledge management is simply defined as changing human efforts into machines. In the cashless economy the paper money are converted to digital money. At first we have a doubt that what is the relationship between cashless economy and knowledge economy and it have the ability to lead to knowledge management. Of course the cashless economy leads way for digital transactions in India. Even a common man also know about the transactions of banks and make a speedy and secured transactions. It improve the way of thinking and use of their intellectual capital rights in a proper way. Cashless economy is the basic way to eradicate black money, but it also used to create awareness about the knowledge economy among the common people.

While inflationary sources have been linked with various issues, its attachment to money supply had especial consideration in inflation theories. The Classical version of Quantity Theory holds for inflation as being ‘always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon’. On the other side, Keynes’s version departed by claiming neutrality of money in an economy where idle capacity exists. Motivated basically by these theoretical departures on the link between the two variables, and the limited availability of literatures particularly in the spirit of the subject it is concerned with, the present study aimed to empirically examine the share of money supply in explaining the dynamics of inflation in Ethiopia, using Error Correction Model by employing the time series data set for the period ranging from 1974/75 to 2014/15. Theohnson’s Maximum likelihood approach for cointegration has indicated the existence of long run relationships amongst variables entered the inflation model.

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) promotion and job creation go hand in hand in poverty reduction. Product diversification among MSE sis known to contribute to risk mitigation and stable MSE sector for job creation across the world. This study investigated determinants of product diversification among MSEs in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 352 enterprises by using Yamane (1967) formula with 5 per cent precision and 95 per cent confident level. Data were collected using interview schedule through face-to-face interview, observation, key informant interview and focus group discussion and data analyses were carried out by using descriptive, inferential statistics and econometric model. Econometrics result indicated that ten variables significantly determined the probability of product diversification decision.

The FDRE Constitution clearly states that freedom of movement as one of the basic human rights is protected in Ethiopia (Art 32). Using this right many Ethiopians have and are moving from place to place for earning a living or various other reasons within the country and abroad. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (MoLSA) estimates that around 1.5 million Ethiopians had left the country illegally between the years 2008 and 2014. While, 480,480 Ethiopians went to Arab countries legally during these years.1 It is only a recent phenomenon that the 30 Ethiopian migrant workers were beheaded in Libya by ISIS, whose evil act put all Ethiopians in deep sorrow. Furthermore, when terrible stories and the sufferings of a huge number of Ethiopians particularly women living and working in Middle East countries had become common phenomena, the government had banned (Human Rights Watch, 2012) the travel for Middle East countries with a view to protecting its citizens from harsh treatments and sufferings in the hands of illegal Foreign Employment agencies and irresponsible employers as well. Following these and other similar events the Ethiopia government has taken and is taking different legal, political and practical measures that aimed at protecting Ethiopia migrant workers abroad. The main objective of this term paper is, therefore, to critically evaluate the Ethiopia legal system in respect to the protection it makes available to the rights of migrant workers.