Tate Pairings on Elliptic curve Cryptography are important because they can be used to build efficient Identity-Based Cryptosystems, as well as their implementation essentially determines the efficiency of cryptosystems. In this work, we propose an identity-based encryption based on Tate Pairing on an elliptic curve. The scheme was chosen ciphertext security in the random oracle model assuming a variant of computational problem Diffie-Hellman . This paper provides precise definitions to encryption schemes based on identity, it studies the construction of the underlying ground field, their extension to enhance the finite field arithmetic and presents a technique to accelerate the time feeding in Tate pairing algorithm

Water is the most important resource. Without water life is not possible. From a chemical point of view, water, H2O, is a pure compound, but in reality, you seldom drink, see, touch or use pure water. Water from various sources contains dissolved gases, minerals, organic and inorganic substances. This photograph of Guilin shows the beauty of natural water. The rain curved an interesting landscape out of the lime stones in the area. Natural waters are often important parts of wonders of the world. The total water system surrounding the planet Earth is called the hydrosphere. It includes freshwater systems, oceans, atmosphere vapors, and biological waters. The Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans cover 71% of the Earth surface, and contain 97% of all water. Less than 1% is fresh water, and 2-3 % is ice caps and glaciers. The Antarctic Ice Sheet is almost the size of North America continent. These waters dominate our weather and climate, directly and indirectly affecting our daily lives. They cover 3.35x108 km2. The four oceans have a total volume of 1.35x109 km3.Groundwater is an important part of the water system. When vapor is cooled, clouds and rain develop. Some of the rain percolates through the soil and into the underlying rocks. The water in the rocks is groundwater, which moves slowly. Dust particles and ions present in the air are nucleation center of water drops. Thus, waters from rain and snow also contain such ions: Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NH4+. These cations are balanced by anions, HCO3-, SO4-, NO2-, Cl-, and NO3-. The pH of rain is between 5.5 and 5.6.Rain and snow waters eventually become river or lake waters. When the rain or snow waters fall, they interact with vegetation, top soil, bed rock, river bed and lake bed, dissolving whatever is soluble. Bacteria, algae, and water insects also thrive. Solubilities of inorganic salts are governed by the kinetics and equilibria of dissolution. The most common ions in lake and river waters are the same

The study was conducted to characterise chicken egg albumen in Indigenous Chicken (IC) phenotypes raised at Bunda College in Malawi. 200 birds collected from two Districts in Malawi, Mzimba and Lilongwe were allowed to breed within the phenotype. Ten (10) eggs from 6 IC phenotypes offspring (Naked Neck, Normal black, Kaphulusa, Spotted, crested hair and Frizzled) raised under the same management) were used for the test in laboratory analysis. In addition, the following production traits were also recorded; Number of eggs laid per hen per clutch, number of clutches per year and number of eggs hatched. For comparison purposes similar data was collected for Black Australorp. The results from the study revealed that different IC phenotypes have different protein fraction concentrations. Crested hair has higher concentrations of protein at 0.8386g/ml (p<0.005) of which, higher (0.4203g/ml) is albumin fraction. Frizzled contain medium protein and albumin quantities, the Normal black has the least concentration at 0.1915g/ml and 0.1400g/ml (p<0.005) in protein and albumin concentration, respectively. The results also show that different IC phenotypes have different productivity performance with Kaphulusa being the best IC phenotypes since it has a higher hatchability value of 71%(p<0.005)and number of eggs per clutch (14) despite having least value on the egg weight.

The study on Agricultural Cooperatives and Rural Women’s Access to Livelihood Capitals in the case of Garagodo and Hembecho primary agricultural cooperative attempted to analyse the contribution of primary agricultural cooperative in enabling women to access livelihood capitals and build sustainable livelihood which is capable of coping with and recover from vulnerability.By using the sustainable livelihood framework adopted from DFID (1999), the study tried to illustrate how the cooperatives as transforming structure enabled women to build sustainable livelihood by accessing livelihood capitals.The study employed approximating longitudinal survey as research design. It also employed both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The quantitative method of data collection employed survey method and the qualitative method of data collection employed in-depth interview, FGD, and observation methods. Using the methods, primary data was collected from sample members of the cooperatives, centrally placed officials from marketing and cooperative development offices and managerial bodies of the cooperative enterprises. Simple random sampling technique was employed so as to select sample elements of the study. The finding of the study has revealed that the cooperatives provided women with various services including supply of agricultural inputs, credit services, marketing of agricultural input and output. Access to these services in turn enabled women to improve their productivity, augment their income, and build livelihood assets which are capable of withstanding risks and shocks.

Decades onwards companies are creating massive data warehouses to store the collected resources. Even though the stored resources are available, only few companies have been able to know that the actual value stored in the database. Procedure used to extract those values is known as data mining. We use so-many technologies to apply this data-mining technique, artificial neural network(ANN) also includes in this data-mining techniques ,ANN is the information processing units which are similar to biological nervous systems. Backpropagation is one of the techniques that used for classification and LVQ (learning Vector Quantization) can be plotted under the competitive learning scheme which is also used for classification. This paper elaborates artificial neural networks, its characteristics and working of backpropagation and LVQ algorithms. In this paper we show the intriguing comparisons between backpropagation and LVQ (Learning Vector Quantization) for both analog and digital data. It also attempts to explain the results between back-propagation and LVQ

The diagnosis of heart disease at the early time is important to save the life of people as it is absolutely annoying process which requires extent knowledge and rich experience. By and large the expectation of heart infections in conventional method for inspecting reports, for example, Electrocardiogram-ECG, Magnetic Resonance Imaging- MRI, Blood Pressure-BP, Stress tests by medicinal professionals. Presently a-days a huge volume of therapeutic information is accessible in restorative industry in all maladies and these truths goes about as an incredible source in foreseeing the coronary illness by the professionals took after by appropriate ensuing treatment at an early stage can bring about noteworthy life sparing. There are numerous systems in ANN ideas which are likewise contributing themselves in yielding most elevated expectation precision over medical information. As of late, a few programming devices and different techniques have been proposed by analysts for creating powerful decision supportive systems. More over many new tools and algorithms are continued to develop and representing the old ones day by day. This paper aims the study of such different methods by researchers with high accuracy in predicting the heart diseases and more study should go on to improve the accuracy over predictions of heart diseases using Neuro Computing.

Abstract: malicious software also known as malware are the critical security threat experienced by the current ear of internet and computer system users. The malwares can morph to access or control the system level operations in multiple dimensions. The traditional malware detection strategies detects by signatures, which are not capable to notify the unknown malwares. The machine learning models learns from the behavioral patterns of the existing malwares and attempts to notify the malwares with similar behavioral patterns, hence these strategies often succeeds to notify even about unknown malwares. This manuscript explored the detailed review of machine learning based malware detection strategies found in contemporary literature.

The study aims at investigating country of origin effects on mobile phone buying behavior of consumers. The construct of Country of origin is studied in terms of brand image and Technological innovation in order to have in-depth insights. The survey technique based on questionnaire is used to collect data from 200 mobile phone users in large cities of Pakistan. We retrieved 175 valid questionnaires; the effective rate was 89%. Then the research was used descriptive statistical analysis on the sample data. Finally, the study regards consumer behavior as dependent variable and independent variables include country of origin, product knowledge and Ethnocentrism. The correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between consumer behavior and country of origin, product knowledge and Ethnocentrism. The results show that Country of origin in terms of “Brand image” and “Technological innovation” has positive impact on buying behavior of Pakistani Consumers while purchasing mobile phones. The high income class of Pakistani consumers is so strongly influenced by the Country of image in terms of “technological innovation “and “brand image” but with low income Pakistani consumers are strongly influenced by ethnocentrism (buy their own country’s mobile phone).

Aims/hypothesis: The aqueous extracts of purple sweet potatoes contained highly anthocyanin and has a hypoglycemic effect and prevent oxidative stress. The pharmacological mechanisms of this anthocyanin is not clear. The antioxidant effect of anthocyanin is proposed could protect the oxidative stress of pancreatic β-cell and recovery their function. Methods: The fifteen Wistar-rats were randomly assigned into three groups, each group consist of 5 rats. Tow groups were diabetic induced by injection of streptozotocin and one was control group. One of diabetic induced group was administrated orally aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tuber at the dose of 4 mL/day for 2 weeks along before induced streptozotocin and while the observation time. The body weigh, blood glucose level and number pancreatic β-cell of rats were determinate. Results: The injection of streptozotocin afforded a damaging of pancreatic β-cell of rats from 50 to 14.8 cells / 5 field views and introduced hyperglycemic rats. The blood glucose levels of this diabetic rat were ranged between (200 - 600) mg/dL in average 422 mg/dL. The aqueous the purple sweet potato extract prevented this pancreatic β-cell damaging and decreased the blood glucose level into the normal level. Conclusions/interpretation: The acetylated anthocyanin on purple sweet potato tuber cloud protected the damaging of pancreatic β-cells by induced streptozotocin, reduced the blood glucose into normal level.

A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and compositions of whole raw cow milk from farm(producers handling levels) to table(collectors handling levels) in Wolaita Zone of Soddo Town and Kokate Kebele. A total of thirty milk samples were collected from 30 dairy farmers (producers) at Kokate kebele who sold their milk at Soddo town and twenty five whole milk samples were collected from 25 café,s and hotels (collectors) at Soddo town using clean test tube. The major components(fat, lactose, SNF, protein, salt and water ) and physical properties(density, temperature and freezing point) of milk samples were immediately analyzed using milk analyzer machine. The result showed that the mean content of lactose, SNF, protein, salt, density and Freezing point of milk samples at producers handling conditions (4.71± 0.08, 8.40±0.13, 3.04± 0.05, 0.73± 0.01, 27.29± 0.56 and 0.60± 0.01) were significantly higher than that of collectors levels (3.74±0.15, 6.73±0.26, 2.41±0.10, 0.58±0.02, 21.34±0.93 and 0.43±0.02) . On the other hand, water content and temperature level of milk samples at producers levels(1.56± 1.31 and 22.33± 0.29) were significantly lower than collectors levels(18.25±3.20 and 22.69±0.40). However, the fat content of milk samples was not significantly different at producers and collectors handling conditions, even though the mean fat level of milk samples at collectors handling was higher than producers handling conditions. Generally, the present result indicated that the quality of milk was higher at producers handling conditions than collectors handling levels.