Nowadays, in an increasingly more evident manner, perfumes assume the role of indications of individuality and ascetic orientation of those who wear them. In this regard, role of advertising is quite evident to persuade working females in choosing the best fragrance and at the same time, understanding number of factors is also a key consideration for marketers. Therefore, the purpose of this research paper is to examine the number of reasons a working women keeps in mind when purchasing a particular perfume brand. This is a quantitative research and based on a philosophy of post positivist, with a deductive research approach. Survey questionnaire has been used as an instrument to collect the data which was adopted from the literature. The sample size is 384 and probability random sampling technique has been used. Data was analyzed through SPSS software and applied both the descriptive and inferential statistics.

The world as a global village has witnessed quantum leap in areas of science and technology. With great impacts in travel, communication, information and media, industrialization and mechanization, man has found it very easy to achieve great task within a limited scope of time. This has given man a big relief as task that formally took man months and years to achieve are being met within a short period of time. With improvements in information technology, globalization has increased. The world is brought closer, and the world’s economy is quickly becoming a single interdependent system. Information can be shared quickly and easily from all over the globe, and barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries can be torn down as people share ideas and information with each other. Communication has become an easier, cheaper, and faster system with the help of information technology. Using the internet, people can speak to each other all over the world using video conferencing. With these great impacts made in the area of information and its corresponding ills, it becomes necessary to evaluate the concept of information technology as it affects our learning system. This articles centers on the importance of information technology, however it pays particular attention to the relation that exists between ICT and Academic Libraries. This approaches thus, exposes the positive and negative impacts of the ICT to learning process and goes on to suggest ways to enhancing a better understanding and use of the ICT in our academic libraries.

This study was carried out to investigate the fungi associated with pre-harvest fruit rot of eggplant (Solanummelongena L.), their effect on fruit nutritional content and their control using fruit extracts of Tetrapleuratetrapterain- vitro. The fungal pathogens isolated as the causative agents of fruit rot in this study were Phomopsismelongenae and Collectotrichummelongenae. The result of proximate analysis of fungal infected and non-infected eggplant carried out showed that there was an increase in the moisture and protein content of the fungal infected eggplant as compared to healthy ones (control), while there was a decrease in the crude fibre, fat, ash, and carbohydrate contents of the fungal infected eggplant fruits as compared to the healthy ones (control).

Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) is a perennial tree of considerable multipurpose importance. In Nigeria, over 60 million people depend on it for food, fuel, wood work and income. This priority tree with enormous economic and social values to the local people of Cross River State (North) is rapidly declining due to rapid human population growth, livestock population pressures, increasing land fragmentation, over exploitation for seed (food) and a high demand for wood fuel especially charcoal. In view of this, a survey was carried out in the Guinea Savanna of Cross River State (North) to determine the level of abundance (A) or rarity (R) of the specie. In each site, ten 20m × 20m randomly selected points were laid along four 1km line transect and accordingly assessed. Seventeen economic important trees were assessed and counted as present with particular emphasis on P. biglobosa (taking into consideration the age of the plant). Results showed that the tree was rare (R) and facing extinction with low densities of 2.1/ha for (Ogoja L.G.A), 1.6/ha (Bekwarra), 2/ha (Obudu), 1.7/ha (Obanliku) and 1.5/ha for (Yala).

In this paper, the market risk measurement models and liquidity adjusted value at risk models (L_VaR) are merged. Monte Carlo Value at Risk and Monte Carlo Simulation Expected Shortfall (ES) Model are used to calculate conventional market risk value. The results are combined with L_VaR to see the effectiveness of liquidity risk modeling. The L_VaR is calculated by 5 different methods: Constant Spread Approach, Exogenous Spread Approach, Endogenous-Price Approach, Volume Adjusted L_VaR and Implied Volatility Adjusted L_VaR. The first three models are stated in the literature whereas the volume adjusted and the implied volatility adjusted models are the proposed ones. Arcelik, Bimas, Eregli Demir Celik, Halk Bankasi, Kardemir, Sise Cam Fabrikalari, Tofas Oto Fabrikalari and Ulker are the securities and USD/TRL, EUR/TL and EUR/USD are the currency pairs used in modeling. Daily prices for the period 2011 and 2014 are used for the calculations.

Prior research into the accuracy of analyst forecasts has spanned several decades. Obrien (1990) conducted a comprehensive analysis of forecast accuracy among financial analysts in nine industries during the period 1975-1982. Sinha, Brown, and Das (1997) reexamined this issue of forecast accuracy among financial analysts during the period 1984-1990, consistent of the fourteen largest industries at the time. These studies reported no or minimal significant differences in forecast accuracy across industries. This study extends the above research and assesses forecast accuracy for eight distinct industries during the period 2010-2015 from the perspectives of: 1. Comparison over forecast horizon 2. Comparison by industry 3. Comparison within industry

In today’s competitive global era, organizations need to retain efficient and competent employees who perform excellent work in a congenial environment. The purpose of the research is to examine the positive and significant impact of continuous learning culture and self efficacy on training effectiveness in the context of insurance sector. Three variables were being examined, continuous learning culture and self efficacy as an independent variable and training effectiveness as a dependent variable. For this purpose data was collected from two hundred employees from various two insurance companies in India especially Delhi through questionnaires. Data from target respondents was analyzed in the form of reliability analysis. Linear and multiple regression were applied to find the impact of independent variables on dependent variable. Findings of the study revealed that continuous learning culture and self efficacy have a positive and significant impact on training effectiveness.

Smokeless tobacco has been found as harmful as smoke tobacco. Smokeless tobacco associated with the various oral diseases including mouth cancer and adverse reproductive outcome. Objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption in Northeast state, India and to study the socioeconomic, demographic correlates of tobacco use in the form of smokeless tobacco only. We used the cross sectional survey DLHS-4 (2012-2013) data of northeast state, India. All men and women living in the study area, aged 15 years and above were included. Information on socio demographic characteristics and smokeless tobacco consumption was administered. Smokeless tobacco consumption was categorized as ‘Current consumers’ and “non consumers”. Associations between smokeless tobacco consumption and the explanatory variables were examine using bivariate and multivariate statistical technique. 67,930 individual men and 75,799 individual women were the unit of analysis in the study. The prevalence of ‘Current consumption’ among men 65% and women 51% respectively. Current consumption was associated with level of education, religion, caste, occupation, residence, marital status, and age.

The study was aimed at evaluating the rearing practice and growth performance of heifer calves in urban and peri-urban dairy systems of Sebeta Awas Wereda, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. Stratified random sampling method was used to select target farms and sample respondents for the prepared questionnaire. Farms for monitoring study was selected from data collected during the survey. Eighteen farms, which had crossbred dairy heifer calves of (3-6 months of age), were purposively selected from both production systems and across the entire herd size category. Eighteen heifer calves were monitored from 18 different farms (2 production systems*3 farm sizes *3 replicates). The overall average crossbred dairy herd size per household was 10.6+2.1 in urban and 11.3+2 in peri-urban area, where, the proportion of heifers accounted for 50.5% for urban and 48.8% for peri-urban farms of their respective total herds.

Food decomposition in human body due to the redox reactions results in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS obtained during metabolic activitities in our body are responsible for cancerous diseases. ROS are scavenged by hydroxyl radicals present in the small organic molecules. Novel small organic molecules like mandelic acid - amino acid complexes, possess the weak hydrogen bonds and vanderwaals forces of attractions in the complex formation results in the antioxidant property. The title compounds, Rphenyl alanine-S-mandelate (RPASMA), Bis-L-phenyl alanine mandelate (BLPAMA) and L-phenyl alanine bis mandelate (BMALPA) are synthesised, carried out characterisation studies like FTIR, NMR, TG-DTA, mass, UV and melting point and grown single crystal by slow evaporation technique confirmed the structure by single crystal XRD. The electrochemical behaviour of the phenyl alanine mandelates show the existence of redox activity using cyclic voltammetry and is confirmed by comparing with the chemical behaviour using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method.