This paper examines the return links and volatility spillovers between US, Japan and European stock markets over the turbulent period 2005-2012. We use a recent generalized VARGARCH model which allows for transmission in return and volatility. The results show that American stock market is mostly influenced by past shocks and volatilities. Besides, for all markets under investigation, the past own volatilities is stronger driver in determining future volatility. This implies that a market’s fundamentals have more influence on volatility than shocks or news. Moreover, our results show the existence of shocks and volatility transmission between only US and EMU. For the Japanese market, only the past own conditional volatility and shocks are allowed to impact the future volatility. Our findings have important implications for the presence of diversification opportunities for portfolios investors.

The scarcity of natural populations of Anibarosaeodora in Brazil is well known and it has been attributed to the over-exploitation for extraction of its trunk wood essential oil for perfumery industry. The leaves of cultivated trees of this species could be a new source for future sustainable exploitation for the same purpose. Leaf oils from 35 trees of A. rosaeodora (“paurosa”) obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. High variation in yields (1.15% to 4.21%) and in linalool content (38.48% to 71.05%) were observed. Additionally, leaf oils of A. parviflora (“macacaporanga”), commonly confused as A. rosaeodorawere analized. Linalool was the major compound in A. parviflora essential oils, but in considerable smaller amount (21.30% and 12.64%) when compared to A. rosaeodora. Anibaparviflora oils were different from those of A. rosaeodora, showing a high amount of β- phellandrene (21.06% and 23.60%), and lacking the presence of α-, β- and γ-eudesmol, and 7- epi-α- and 10-epi-γ-eudesmol.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to follow while implementing a corporate taxonomy. Design/methodology/approach: The presented results are grounded in both academic literature on taxonomy and qualitative data from two departments within the same organization that implemented separate taxonomy structures. Findings: The study identifies ten factors to consider when implementing a corporate taxonomy as well as a defined nine step process to implement when implementing a successful corporate taxonomy. Research limitations/implications: The scope of the literature review and the case study were both limited as finding multiple taxonomy experts in one organization is rare, the account of the research is not considered exhaustive. The paper can assist practioners in a high level approach to implementing a corporate taxonomy as well as things to invoke to increase the chances of a successful implementation.

The high pace rise in the number of customers for communication systems and associated service provisioning has alarmed the requirement for certain optimal communication technique for optimal service of provisioning. The global system for mobile communication (GSM) has emerged as one of the most potential candidate to for communication systems. There is an inevitable need to enhance the key components of GSM systems such as, modulators and signal decoders. The assurance of these factors can lead low SNR communication in major application scenarios. Furthermore, ensuring efficient synchronization can be of great significance for GSM systems. In this paper, a highly robust and efficient system for low SNR, GMSK synchronization scheme has been developed for GSM system. The proposed joint synchronization scheme encompasses, symbol timing offset estimation, carrier frequency offset and carrier phase offset estimation scheme. To enhance the demodulation, a symbol-by-symbol (SBS) decoder has been developed. The bit error rate performance analysis affirms that the proposed system can be a significant development towards enhanced GSM communication system.

Hysterectomy Is One Of The Most Common Gynaecological Operation PerformedGlobally With An Incidence Of Approximately 30% In Women >60 Yrs. Of Age. StudiesHave Shown That Most Women Received Hysterectomy Due To DisablingSymptoms Such As Menstrual Pain, Menorrhagia, Unexplained Uterine Bleeding And ChronicPelvic Pain Related With Non-Malignant Pathologies Like Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia,Fibroid, Prolapse. There Are So Many Management Modalities To Cure These Symptoms, AsThese Have An Adverse Effect On A Woman’s Quality Of Life. Most Women Reported AReduction In Physical Symptoms And Pain And An Increase In Health Perceptions AfterHysterectomy. 2But In Rural Set Up Hysterectomy Is Still A Treatment Of Choice Even For AllThese Benign Pathologies.In This Study We Tried To Assess Qol After Hysterectomy For TheseConditions.

The goal of the study is to explore Vocabulary Learning Strategies used by Bangladeshi undergraduate EFL learners. The survey was conducted among 70 undergraduate BBA major students of United International University, a private university in Bangladesh. A 45 item-Vocabulary Learning Strategies questionnaire was used as the research tool. The finding reveals that, Bangladeshi undergraduate EFL learners highly use determination strategies and moderately use social, memory, cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies. Among them cognitive strategy is least used. The study also discovered that, these learners make little changes in their strategy uses at different proficiency levels. Considering the findings, the researcher has pointed out some implications for teaching VLS. It has also offered some suggestions regarding more effective use of Vocabulary Learning Strategies by Bangladeshi undergraduate EFL learners.

A sample of 150 aged women (50 divorcees and 50 spinsters) was selected to determine their psychosocial profiles. The variables selected for this study were narcissism and happiness. Data analysis revealed interesting findings that less orientation towards social acceptance make nevermarried women easy victims of impaired quality of life, higher authoritative attitude, exhibitionism, vanity and narcissism that leads to less commitment to relationships. Also, they have a tendency to exhibit lack of empathy, marked levels of hostility. Narcissistic trend, superiority, exploitativeness magnified image of self in divorced elderlies lives invite relationship struggle. The life sketch of divorcees indicates that the circumstances in which their personal inadequacies are evaluated and failure is experienced put an extra threat to their self-images and as a result of poor interpersonal relationships, they become easy victims of anxiety. Moreover, this study also depicts the fact that self-love for both subsamples is become a source for craving happiness but their ways of manifestations are different.

Many forecasting method are based on some notion that when an underlying pattern exists in a data series. That data can be distinguished from randomness by smoothing (averaging) past values. The effect of this smoothing is to eliminate randomness so the pattern can be projected into the future. It goes without saying that when a data is good enough and have nice pattern then forecast could be done more precisely. One of the main objectives for decomposition is to estimate seasonal effects that can be used to create and present seasonally adjusted values. A seasonally adjusted value removes the seasonal effect from a value so that trends can be seen more clearly. My main aim is to choose a best decomposition method and forecast the data more precisely.

The purpose of this study is to provide an insight into the impact of relationship marketing strategy on customer loyalty of retail bank sector in Pakistan and to examines whether these relationship strengthen through improvements in banking relationship. A questionnaire derived from previous studies and relevant literature was completed by 100 university students having accounts in different banks and Convenience sampling used. Multiple regression analysis assessed the impact on customer loyalty of four key construct of relationship marketing (Trust, Commitment, Communication and conflict handling). Results indicate that four variables have significant effect and predict good proportion of variance in customer loyalty.It is reasonable to conclude, on this evidence, that customer loyalty can be created, reinforced and retained by marketing plans aimed at building trust, demonstrating commitment to service, communicating with customers in a timely, reliable and proactive fashion, and handling conflict efficiently.

This paper examines the effect of exchange rate volatility on investment and growth in Nigeria over the period of 1986 to 2014. The vector error correction method, impulse responses function, co-integration and Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test for stationarity were employed to capture the interactions between the variables. The results confirm the existence of long run relationship between exchange rate, investment, interest rate, inflation and growth. Finally the results show that exchange rate volatility has a negative effect with investment and growth while exchange rate volatility has a positive relationship with inflation and interest rate in Nigeria. Based on our findings, we recommended that the policy makers should developed sound exchange rate management system in the country potent enough for better growth in the economy.