Back ground: Breastfeeding is an important public health strategy for improving infant and child morbidity and mortality, improving maternal morbidity, and helping to control health care costs. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) recommend that every infant should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life, with breastfeeding continuing for up to two years of age or longer. The aim of this study to assess knowledge and practice of mothers and identify associated factors towards exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was employed. Sample size was determined by using single population proportion formula and four hundred three lactating mothers who have breastfed for 6 months and up to two years was selected by Simple random sampling technique. All explanatory variables that were associated with the outcome variable during bivariate analysis were included in the final logistic model. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was made to identify the predictors of maternal knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding practices.

This study aimed to was evaluating the performance of 30 methods to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ET0) to the city of Paranaíba, Brazil. The meteorological data was removed from National Institute of Meteorology, on the period of six year (March 2008 to February 2014). The method taken as standard was Penman-Monteith-FAO56 and the comparison of results was by the coefficients of determination (r²), coefficients “a” and “b” of the linear regressions, estimate of standard-error, Willmott’s index of agreement (d), Pearson correlation coefficient (r), and reliable coefficient (c). The better methods to ET0 estimate was: Penman-Original, Stephens-Stewart, Priestley-Taylor, Hicks-Hess, Turc, Liquid-Radiation, Thornthwaite-Modified, Temperature-Radiation, Penman-FAO24, Abtew and Camargo. The Camargo method should be preferred when only air temperatures data have. The methods Blaney-Criddle-FAO24 and Hamon should receive calibration for be utilized on the estimate of ET0 in Paranaíba city.

We have studied the Hoyle-Narlikar’s Creation-field cosmology for LRS Bianchi type-II, LRS Bianchi type-VI0, Plane Symmetric and Kantowski-Sachs universes with time dependent cosmological constant Λ(t) , when the universe is filled with dust distribution. To get deterministic model of the universe, a relation between shear (σ ) and expansion (θ ) is assumed. The physical aspects of the models are also discussed.

Big Data have gained enormous attention in recent years. Analyzing big data is very common requirement today and such requirements become nightmare when analyzing of bulk data source such as twitter twits are done, it is really a big challenge to analyze the bulk amount of twits to get relevance and different patterns of information on timely manner.This paper will explore the concept of Big Data Analysis and recognize some meaningful information from some sample big data source, such as Twitter twits, using one of industries emerging tool, known as Spark by Apache.

This paper proposes a method for the choice of the injection node of an incoming power plant into an existing grid. The southern interconnected grid (SIG) of Cameroon is used as an example to demonstrate the advantages of using the proposed methodology. Given that the minimization of transmission losses constitutes a major cost-saving factor in electricity delivery, this work starts with the hypothesis that, if a power injection busbar is chosen within the existing grid such that the overall transmission losses are kept at a minimum, then it will be close to the load center, it will take care of the capability of the existing network to accommodate the new power injection, it will lead to increased reliability of power supply to several loads by providing for alternative supply routes, as well as result in a good voltage profile in the entire network. This paper therefore presents an approach for the determination of the power injection node of the lastly commissioned 216-MW Kribi natural gas thermal plant in Cameroon, based on the minimization of the overall network power losses. A Newton-Raphson load-flow solution with 34 busbars for the SIG of Cameroon is first developed in MATLAB, the overall network losses computed for successive injection into each of the existing network nodes, and the power injection busbar for the newly constructed 216-MW Kribi natural gas power plant determined based on the aforementioned criterium. It is observed that the injection node is close to the densely populated industrial city of Douala and the 384-MW reference hydropower plant of Songloulou can run with its full capacity. A comparison with the current interconnection busbar at Mangombe reveals that the cheaper hydro-generation of Songloulou must be reduced by about 76 MW to accommodate the more expensive incoming 216 MW from Kribi in the grid, and the overall network losses are increased by 73 MW. This explains why the Dibamba 84-MW thermal plant in proximity to the current inje

The basic question before a curriculum planner intending to design an Ecotourism Course is – whether it is to be need based or demand based. A demand based Course needs to have market considerations as its primary objective. It is controlled by supply-demand chain in both the choice and treatment of the curriculum. For instance, a market survey (Nivedita Mukherjee) sequences the required ‘skills’ of a Tourism Management in the following order: educational qualification, soft skills, aptitude, training and experience. A demand based curriculum planner could make choice of materials to cater to these skills, although a huge variation could arise in the interpretation of each of the ‘skills’. The formulation of a need based ecotourism Course is more challenging. It goes beyond the content mapping that is usually done for market oriented curriculum. Planning a need based ecotourism course requires comprehensive understanding of the components ecotourism and their interrelationships. The direct and indirect impacts on natural resources and socio-economic conditions of human settlements at the ecotourism sites point to the requirement of concerted action towards conservation. This conceptual paper addresses the role of Educational Institutions in promoting eco-initiatives.

In this present investigation the volumetric properties and viscosity of the acetophenone ethylchloroacetate liquid binary mixture were determined. The properties were found as a function of mole fraction and at a temperature of 303 K and 323 K. The excess molar volumes and ultrasonic velocity are also determined. It is used to predict the intermolecular interactions in the process calculation, pipe design and automobile fuel section. The kinematic viscosities of this mixture were analyzed with four different models namely McAllister, Krishnan-Laddha, Jouyban-Acree and Redlichkister. The different properties were plotted against mole fraction of the liquid mixtures at various compositions and temperatures.

Measuring the efficiency of production departments is an important part of promoting and maintaining efficient operations. Dataenvelopment analysis (DEA) is a linear programmingbased technique which mirrors the capability of a decision making unit to attain the highest level of output from a given set of inputs.. To measure the efficiency, we have considered the use of sugarcane and crushing days as in put-variable and the amount of sugar production as an output-variable. About 99.6 percent of variations in the output variable was explained by these explanatory input variables (R2 = 99.6 percent).Applying DEA under CRS technology assumption, average production efficiency score is.97 in the sugar units .This indicates that on an average, the firms could increase their output by 3 percent with the existing level of inputs. Out of 10 sugar units,4 units showed significant decrease in efficiency.TSM had used excess 8.90 percent sugarcane and 31.20 percent crushing days due to production inefficiency and this unit would be able to increase sugar production by 9.77 percent as compared to peer units.

Language performance of human beings is inseparably related to their brain. There are some specific areas in the brain that are responsible for language understanding, organizing and producing. Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area are two such types of crucial areas of the brain which are, if affected or injured, responsible for linguistic problems, respectively known as Broca’s Aphasia and Wernicke’s Aphasia. Aphasia is a disorder of communication that impairs a person’s ability to use and comprehend language. Broca’s Aphasia is recognizable when the person affected has a difficulty in speech production, writing and finding specific words. A patient of Wernicke’s aphasia may produce normal speeches but they are nearly nonsensical and irrelevant. His/her difficulty is in comprehending others’ messages. The present study has investigated the linguistic behavior of some patients of Broca’s Aphasia and Wernicke’s Aphasia in Bangladesh and shows proximity of the empirical findings with the theoretical claims.

The controversial issues of employee motivation and wage expectation formation are often analysed in scientific and practical planes by addressing to the fact that a prospective employee (especially with no work experience) may be employed with preformed wrong wage expectations. The paper aims to assess the problematic aspects of the integration of young age (18-23 years old) persons, studying in the university, into the labour market associated with the expectations of desired wage.