This article interrogated, in theoretical cum descriptive fashion, the linkage(s) between neo-liberal globalization, the state, the arena of politics and conflicts, using sub-Sahara Africa as a research backdrop. Drawing from secondary data sourced mainly from textbooks and journals; and leaning on dependency theoretical platform, it found out that neo- liberal globalization has affected states in the global system differentially. While the developed states of the north had developed various strategies to deal with the enigma and had even made huge success of it, the dependent, post-colonial states in Africa have been at the mercies of this technologically driven post- cold war phenomenon. Merciless, it argues that globalization has dented the integrity of these states in manner that made them to lose legitimacy in the eyes of citizens under their confines. The outcome of such state of affairs was the relocation of legitimacy from them to the sub-state movements, which, in most cases, have now become the new sites of conflicts in the region. The article recommended two action areas for reversing the trends. First, at the national level, the state, the epicentre of the socio-economic space, needs to be reconstituted. It is expected that a genuinuely democratic nation-states could serve as building blocks for continental integration. Second, sub-Sahara African states must move the integration process beyond rhetoric.

This paper explores the cultural values of Mongolia, a country rich in resources and recently classified as a Global Growth Generator (3G) country. The analysis provides better insight into Mongolian culture, a culture for which research data are sparse. The assessment was based on the Hofstede 5-D model of cultural values. The results of this study indicate that Mongolian culture is low in power distance, high in individualism, very high in masculinity, and high in uncertainty avoidance. It can be characterized as being short-term in its orientation towards time. This paper adds to the cross-cultural literature by examining a country that has not been previously studied. Implications of Mongolian cultural values for management practice are discussed.

Recent times, Storing data over the cloud has become more common for the reason that the data could be accessed globally .The data being stored on the cloud could involve confidential data, that needs security. The confidential data that is stored on the cloud through the database could be anything like username, email, password etc. This paper presents the idea/implementation of an Enhanced CBC algorithm on the cloud data. Through this cryptography technique the confidential data can be secured and authenticated.

This study presents a new approach for predicting fault proneness in object classes. A new metric called weighted coupling between objects or wcbo, measures a new unit called weighted coupling between objects. The approach then ranks each class of the object based on its fault proneness using the HITS algorithm that measures hub and authority weights in link analysis. The proposed metrics advantage lies in the fact that it can be computed without using any programming language, in a simpler way, comparatively. The study undertook with huge open source systems to forecast fault proneness, shows the projected wcbo fault proneness sensitivity to be 98.7% and compared with CBO which was 42% sensitive.

This paper questions the efficacy of social adverts in promoting Nigeria’s democracy and proposes creative planning as a key strategy for designing effective media messages for effective democratic principles. Social advertising pleads a course through advocacy, social mobilization or behavior change communication. The business of democracy is to get the people involved in the business of leadership. Many media messages created to inform and educate the citizenry under democratic set-ups in Nigeria have been ineffective with regards to changing behavior of the citizens towards a particular course. The creative planning strategy under consideration in this paper involves the steps in the creation of media messages with focus on variables such as discourse, dramatic logic or arguments, signs and significations and the audience. Basic questions in this paper include: Why are social adverts used as tools in promoting democratic values? Are the social adverts used in Nigeria predicated on the creative planning strategy? To what extent have the social adverts contributed to the promotion of democratic principles in Nigeria? The paper examines some advertising theories as applied to message development and questions the basis for creating or designing most media messages in promoting democratic values in Nigeria. The methodology adopted in this paper is analysis and recommendations will be based on the findings.

Background: ‘Occupational Environment’ means the sum of external conditions and influences which prevail at work place and which have a bearing on the health of working population. A large number of labourers work in stone crushing and mining industry in India. The physically tedious work drives people consume alcohol and tobacco which deteriorates their oral health. Studies in the past among factory workers and miners have revealed the high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions which was related to their tobacco habits. Aims: To assess prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among granite factory employees in Nanjangud Taluk with general population and to suggest possible preventive measures. Settings and Design: A Descriptive Cross sectional survey was conducted in Nanjangud Taluk, Mysore. Materials and methods: Study was conducted on 453 employees from granite factories in Nanjangud Taluk. Simple random sampling was used to select 450 subjects for comparison from Thandavapura village. Oral mucosal lesions were recorded according to WHO oral health assessment (1997). Statistical analysis used: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results: Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions were higher among factory employees compared to general population. Prevalence of various tobacco habits were also higher among granite factoryemployees. Conclusion: Our study showed that factory employees are more affected by oral mucosal lesions which might be due to high use tobacco habits and stressful work environment and poor oral health awareness.

The superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is a clinical entity caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava by infiltration, compression or thrombosis. Cancer is the most common underlying cause of superior vena cava obstruction. The incidence of catheter-induced superior vena cava obstruction is rapidly increasing. Fibrosing mediastinitis and Behçet disease are rare causes of SVC syndrome. Clinical presentation of SVC syndrome may include cough, dyspnea, dysphagia, and swelling or discoloration of the neck, face and upper extremities. Aim of this study is to evaluate the role of Multislice CT in study of superior vena cava obstruction syndromes and assessment of collateral circulation in different causes of superior vena caval obstruction

This study has focused on measuring the extent of customer satisfaction with the quality of banking services offered by Iraqi commercial banks (government and private in Baghdad). This study is divided into five axes each axis corresponds to each one of the research hypotheses. It has been applied a questionnaire consisting of (45) questions which included: questions from (1-15) concerning customers need for banking services; the questions from (1-16) which focused on the level of satisfaction achieved by costumers of government commercial banks; the questions from (30-45) which focused on the level of satisfaction achieved by government commercial banks. Those customers are generally satisfied with the services provided by government commercial banks where the overall satisfaction of customers is equal to (2.5210) and that the rate of overall satisfaction of private commercial banks customers is equal to (2.6456).Private commercial banks achieved more satisfaction to their customers, but with a little difference compared with government banks.

A case study of a Bangladeshi steel industry is reported that is dealing with some aspects of reverse logistics operation in their organization for instance Bangladesh steel re-rolling mill (BSRM), Chittagong. In this paper, a transportation model is proposed to reduce the extent of internal steel scrap transportation based on real transport network. To validate these model linear optimization model (TORA) is used. This paper basically incorporates the characteristics of in-plant steel scrap transportation which means the most important factors are transported quantity, distance, variable cost and fixed cost. Five sources where scrap generated is found in the case study. In the proposed transportation model, Two collection sites are used, one collection site for two sources of scrap and the other sources is the direct transport of collected steel scrap from each individual to reprocessing units whereas the existing transport network shown two collection sites, one collected scrap source 1 and the other is used to collect scrap from the remaining sources. A methodology is also developed to accurately compute CO2 emission to evaluate the environmental performance depending on the transport distance and quantity. The developed method has shown that environmental performance of propose model is improved.

Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the critical backbone to Business Organizations today. Effective Market coverage, Availability of Products at locations which hold the key to revenue recognition depends upon the effectiveness of Supply Chain Strategy rolled out. Very simply stated, when a product is introduced in the market and advertised, the entire market in the country and all the sales counters need to have the product where the customer is able to buy and take delivery. In recent times super shop business is growing at a high rate in Bangladesh. A lot of super shop is continued their business in the various cities of Bangladesh. They are also expanding their business. The shops deliver the customers a huge amount of goods and products of various types. The supply process of the goods is really challenging. The paper represents the present supply chain management of the super shops in Bangladesh.