Land Information System (LIS) can provide us a better and more efficient system for land management. This was used to develop an efficient system for the management of Tsaunin Kura residential layout in Chikun Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study used topographical maps of Kaduna with sheet numbers 111 and 112 obtained from Kaduna state ministry of Land survey and town planning. The maps were scanned and geo-referenced to UTM-32 projection in a GIS environment and using the four procedures of reality, conceptual design, logical design and physical design. Using Arc GIS 9.2, the study was able to achieve the efficient and effective management of the land of the study area with the ability to identify the layout parcels, map it then generate data to provide a database that will enhance data collection, storage, manipulation, retrieval and dissemin- ation of information at precise and short time and eventually been able to query the database.

Although teamwork is necessary and often regarded as a crucial determinant in winning sales and building long-term relationships, the issue of how to design incentive pay for team selling has remains mostly because of “moral hazard” in team. We build an analytical model integrating behavioral motivation theory— in particular, expectancy theory—into an economic hazard model framework and proffer propositions pertaining to incentive pay for team selling. The analytical model suggests that a firm can induce the best efforts in a selling team. This potential increases as interaction intensity, peer pressure, membership stability, team size, and team uncertainty rise. The results suggest that the optimal team incentive rate inducing the best efforts increases when interaction intensity, team uncertainty, and team size decrease.

Mathematics courses are often the last place anyone would expect to find experiential learning. Yet liberal arts undergraduates can benefit greatly from experiential learning activities in their required math course, and it is easy for educators to incorporate such activities into these courses. The author describes his practice of providing an experiential project in his course, Mathematical Explorations.

Objective: To find out the incidence of malignancy in patient with solitary thyroid nodule. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 100 solitary thyroid nodular patients who admitted in Otolaryngology & Head-Neck Surgery Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital (SSMCMH) & Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujib Medical Univercity (BSMMU), Dhaka, from July 2011 to December 2012,where all patients were admitted through out patient department. All patients were selected as per described criteria from the Department of Otolaryngology & Head-Neck Surgery, SSMCMH & BSMMU. Diagnosed the cases by detail history, clinical examination,investigations,analysed data presented by various tables, figures. Results: In this study mean age of the patients of solitary thyroid nodule was 35.6±13.54 years and the highest frequency (38%) was within 21-30 years of age with female predominance (78%). Thyroid swelling was the common presentation in all9100%) cases, some patients also presented with other symptoms like cervical lymphadenopathy 13(13%) cases, dysphagia 1(1%), dyspnoea 1(1%), hoarseness of voice 1(1%) case & no bone metastetic found. . In this series of solitary thyroid nodules constituted 73% firm, 6% hard and 11% cystic. Malignancy was found more in firm nodule 13(72.22%). Isotopes scanning of the thyroid gland were done to see the functional status of the nodule. We found most 96(96%) of the nodules were cold & 4(4%) were warm nodule & no hot nodule found. In our study out of 96 cold nodular goiters we found 18(18.75 %) malignant & no malignant case found from rest of 4 warm cases. In our study, out of 89 solid nodule 72(80.89%) were benign & 17(19.10%) nodule were malignant and out of 11 cystic nodule 10(90.9%) were benign & 1 (9.1%) was malignant. In this study, most of the benign & malignant nodules were predominantly solid. Study showed the malignancy is significantly (p<0.001) more in solid than cystic solitary thyroid nodule. Final diagnosis in

Background: Very less study are done about Bhutanese refugees in Nepal. The purpose of the present study was to examine the knowledge and practice of contraception among married women of reproductive age group and their quality of life from user’s perspectives. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was done among 350 married women of reproductive age group of Bhutanese Refugee camp using systematic random sampling using structured questionnaires on family planning and selfrated questionnaires on quality of life by WHO (WHOQOL BREF). Results: A total of 350 married women of reproductive aged women participated in the study. Despite vigorous dissemination of health services by the health center in the community, 13.1% of the participants weren’t aware about the free availability of family planning methods in the health centre. Sixty two percent women were found to be current users and Depo-Provera (52.3%) was the commonly used contraceptive methods. Very few males were using family planning methods as compared to females. It was found that the social and physical domain of quality of life was higher among the current contraceptive users. Conclusion: Owing to the patriarchal society of Bhutanese refugee of Nepalese origin, male participation for use of family planning was found less. The females were found to be using family planning methods, though the decision resided on the male counterpart.

Beam scanning have found great demand in the field of wireless communication, satellite communication, radar, etc. [1,2]. These applications are generally covered by phased array antennas [3], where several elements are grouped together in a linear or planar special configuration. The radiated beam is determined by the vector addition of the electromagnetic fields radiated by the individual elements. Present proposal a novel technique of Tunable Multi Layer Multi Dielectric High Impedance Surface (TMMD-HIS) is embedded with array antenna, making it possible to obtain a beam scanning angle of 40 degree (from -20 degree to +20 degree) without the need of expensive active components. The major advantage of proposed concept is that the array have a negligible mutual coupling between radiating element this is happen because of suppression of surface wave. In built phase shifting is provided which reduces the structure size and proportionally cost . simulated results showing the effectiveness and compatibility of proposed concept.

In the digital space structure, space is digitalized by 1 and 0 for attachment space and detachment space, respectively. A special force field (the short-range extreme force field) can be derived from the digital space structure to generate superconductor at extremely low temperature and superstar at extremely high density. Singularity-free superstar is a model for the collapse of large stars and for GRBs, and as an alternative to black hole. Attachment space allows object to attach to account for rest mass and reversible movement, while detachment space allows no object to attach to account for irreversible kinetic energy. The combination of attachment space and detachment space brings about the three structures: binary partition space, miscible space, orbinary lattice space. Binary partition space (1)n(0)n consists of separated continuous phases of attachment space and detachment space to account for quantum mechanics and extreme force field. In miscible space (1+0)n, attachment space is miscible to detachment space without separation to account for special relativity. Binary lattice space (1 0)n consists of repetitive units of alternative attachment space and detachment space to account for the ordinary force fields(gravitational, weak, electromagnetic, and strong). At extreme conditions, the ordinary force fields in binary lattice space are transformed into the short-range extreme force fields in binary partition space to avoid inactivation and singularity. The extreme force fields are manifested as the bonds among electrons in superconductor, as the bonds among atoms in superfluid, and as the bonds among all materials in superstar. When the stellar core of a large star reaches the critical extreme density during the stellar collapse, the star is transformed into a pre-superstar containing the super matter core with extreme force fields, the ordinary matter region with ordinary force fields, and the thin phase boundary between the super matter core and the ordin

The decimal notation k is born from the necessity of finding a system of decimal metric units of wide spectrum, but as I soon saw, we can also use this as exponential notation in several expressions and mathematical operations. This way the decimal pre-exponent is a method of double functionality: Firstly as systems of decimal units, and second as decimal exponent for mathematical operations. Principle and foundations of the decimal notation "k": "Any quantity or decimal metric unit can be exposed in simplified or compressed way by means of a dual or bi-parametric expression formed by a base ( a ) or module of value and a preexponent ( k ) or decimal counter "

Since the documented discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in 1991 by Iijima and the realization of their unique physical properties, including mechanical, thermal, and electrical, many investigators have endeavored to fabricate advanced CNT composite materials that exhibit one or more of these properties. The sulfates removal from synthetic water by High cross-linked polystyrene diviniyl benzene resin containing pristine multiwalled carbon nano tubes was studied at batch experiments in this study. The effect of pH, contact time, sulfates concentration and adsorbent dose on the sulfates sequestration was investigated.TheoptimumconditionswerestudiedonSalinewaterasacasestudy.The resultsshowedthatwithincreasingoftheabsorbentamount;contacttimeandpHimprovethe efficiency of sulfatesremoval. The maximum sulfates uptake was obtained in pH and contact time 3.0 and 120 min, respectively. Also, with increasing initial concentration of sulfates in water, the efficiency of sulfates removal decreased.The obtained results in this study were matched with freundlich isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic. The maximum adsorption capacity (Xm or K) and constant rate were found 0.024 (mg/g) and 2.083 (mg/g.min), respectively. This study also showed that in the optimum conditions,thesulfatesremovalefficiencyfromSalinewaterby0.1mg/Lsulfateswas85.64%. Eventually,High cross-linked polystyrene diviniyl benzene resin containing pristine multiwalled carbon nano tubes isrecommendedasasuitableandlowcostabsorbenttosulfatesremovalfrom aqueous solutions.

Use of traditional medicine is encouraged in many economically diverse countries when conventional medications fail. HCV prevalence is highest in Egypt at >10% of the general population, and China has the most people with HCV (29.8 million); approximately 52% of patients infected with HCV genotype 4 will develop chronic HCV.The use of interferon, currently the only approved therapy, is frustrating in many situations. Use of camel milk or drinking copious amounts of urine, moxibustion by fire, acupuncture and cupping, especially in the Saharan and Arabian areas, is currently popular in Egypt. Some traditional Egyptian medicine is related to Arabian, ancient Egyptian, or other religious beliefs. Most patients using traditional therapies show improvement over time in both clinical symptoms and laboratory results. Some showed SVR using Bee venom therapy.