Leaf springs are unique kind of springs used in automobile suspension systems. The benefit of leaf spring over helical spring is that the ends of the spring may be leaded along a definite path as it deflects to act as a structural member in addition to energy absorbing device. The main work of leaf spring is not only to give support to vertical load but also to isolate road induced vibrations. It is subjected to millions of load cycles leading to fatigue failure. Static analysis gives the safe stress and with corresponding pay load of the leaf spring and also to research the behavior of structures under practical situations. The existing work attempts to examine the safe load of the leaf spring, which will represent the speed at which a comfortable speed and safe drive is available. A typical leaf spring configuration of TATA-407 light commercial vehicle is selected for research. Finite element analysis has been carried out to determine the safe stresses and pay loads.

Text sequences or Time stamped texts, are everpresent in real-world applications. Multiple text sequences are frequently connected to each other by distributing common topics. The correspondence between these sequences provides more significant and comprehensive clues for topic mining than those from every individual sequence. However, it is non retrieval to explore the equivalence with the existence of asynchronism among multiple sequences, i.e., documents from different sequences about the same topic may have different time stamps. In this paper, we properly addressed the problem and suggested a new algorithm based on the generative topic model. The proposed algorithm consists of two alternate steps: the first step retrieves common data from multiple sequences based on the arranged time stamps provided by the second step; the second step arranges the time stamps of the documents according to the time distribution of the topics found by the first step. We accomplish these two steps simultaneously and after number retrievals a monotonic convergence of our objective function can be extracted. The effectiveness and advantage of our approach were justified through extensive practical studies on two real data sets consisting of six research paper repositories and two news article feeds, respectively

We present a case of a 34 years old female who was suspected to have vasa previa due to sonographic evidence of low lying placenta and velamentous cord insertion, early in the pregnancy. Vasa previa can lead to significant perinatal morbidity by causing fetal exsanguination, if diagnosis is delayed. This case demonstrates the need for early suspicion of vasa previa in presence of persistent high risk features on repeated ultrasounds, importance of patient preparation with antenatal steroids as well as comprehensive education of patient regarding the warning signs and symptoms.

Labor markets of Turkey are characterized by low female labor force participation when compared with the OECD, neighbour states and EU averages. Besides, the female labor force participation exhibits an unexplained and suprising declining trend in the last decades. The paper attemps to illuminate the phenomenon searching for contingencies in data presented by working women in a microfinance clientele survey in suburban Ankara, especially focusing on status and family related interrelationships that could provide explanation for the low relative number of working women in labor markets of Turkey, testing the Underparticipation trap hypothesis.

Turkey harbours one of the greatest untapped microfinance markets in the world. Despite its enormous dormant potential, few studies were undertaken in order to potrait the socio-economic character of its main protagonist: enterprising mother operating in the suburbs of urban and semi-urban environment. The study summarizes result of field research carried out by team of researchers from Czech University of Life Sciences and models a credit mannequin, profiling the average Turkish microfinance client in suburban areas of Central Anatolia. The assemblage enables to depict genuine relationships of mainstream clientele towards selected topics, reaching better understanding of nature and particularities of the Turkish microfinance market and drawing conclusions on its further development.

The objectives of the Study: To develop training activities and guidelines suitable for north Indian home settings in an activity manual and to field test the developed material on a group of Hindi-English speaking parents of mental retardation. Method : 20 Parents and 20 Special educators (Mental Retardation) were included in this study. Field Study tool (Questionnaire) was developed on the base of coverage of content, use of language, style of presentation and difficulties in home implementation. Questionnaire and activities described in the manual were given to all the subjects for one week reading and they were asked to rate the questionnaire.

There is a misplaced notion that Risk Management and Business Development are at cross-roads, which is based on the premise that the Business Managers tend to compromise in certain areas of Risk Management in the interest of the business growth. But, in the larger interests of the Risk Management and the Business Growth as well, the Business Managers should be actively involved in facilitating effective Risk Management. In fact, an effective Risk Management would facilitate a healthy understanding of the exposure and its inherent Risks, leading to healthy business growth for the Banks and thus protect the stakeholder value.

Using time series data of 32years period (1980- 2011), this study investigated the impact of government spending on the Nigerian economic growth. Employing the ordinary least square multiple regression analysis to estimate the model specified. Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) was adopted as the dependent variable while government capital expenditure (GCEXP) and government recurrent expenditure (GREXP) represents the independent variables. With the application of Granger Causality test, Johansen Cointegration Test and Error Correction Mechanism, the result shows that there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship between government spending and economic growth in Nigeria. The short-run dynamics adjusts to the long-run equilibrium at the rate of 60% per annum. The policy implication is that that both the short-run and long-run expenditure has significant effect on economic growth of Nigeria. In line with the findings, we recommend that Government increase both capital expenditure (investment in roads, power supply, transport, and communication) and recurrent expenditure mostly on issues that should attract economic growth. Funds meant for development of the Nigerian economy should be properly managed by the executive arm to boost employment as well as improve the wellbeing of citizens since this will cause economic growth indirectly.

Now-a-days digital circuits are getting more complex. One IC in a digital circuit is used for a fixed purpose and its operation cannot be defined through software. Because of this limitation digital circuit becomes larger in size. When designing an 8bit digital circuit we do not include 16bit or 24bit components, but this limits our scope of design and versatility of the design. To overcome this problem an 8bit microcontroller is programmed which is able to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and 28 other digital operations in 8, 16 & 24 bit level. To add six 8 bit data 5 adder ICs are not needed anymore. This IC can do it all alone. For any logic operation the regarding mode needs to be selected in the same IC to perform desired operation. It is software defined digital logic design IC. This IC will save time, space & reduce cost in digital circuit designing.

In response to an increasing competitive market arena, growing attention is being devoted in the development of capabilities as a competitive strategy that enable firms to transform input effectively into superior value propositions. This paper explores e-commerce performance through the development of trust-building capabilities in the aviation industry. Data were drawn from 115 managers out of a population of 130 managers of the four airports selected for this study. The results of our analysis showed that, trust-building capability development is significantly related to sales volume and market share. There is no significant relationship between trust-building capability development and profit. Based on the findings we conclude that trust building capabilities promotes online sales volume related to expectations. We therefore recommend that airline firms in the Nigeria aviation industry should develop trust building capabilities that will serve as a competitive strategy that offer superior value proposition to their customers.