Background : Ribonuclease (RNase) are widely distributed in various organs and body fluids, including serum, urine, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid. Small amounts of extracellular (( exocrine)) forms of this enzyme are secreted by the normal human pancreases into the gut, have observed increased levels of serum RNase in a series of patients with cancer of ovary. They have suggested that this might represent increased enzyme synthesis by proliferating tumor cell within the ovary. Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate acid and alkaline RNase activities in serum of women presented with benign and malignant ovarian tumors with respect to these of healthy women. Method : A total of twenty nine women patients (15 women with benign ovarian tumor and 14 women with malignant ovarian tumors) were included.. Their age were 28-60 years the two groups were compared with a group of age matched (16 healthy women). Five milliliter of blood samples were obtained from patients by vein puncture just before surgery, as well as the from healthy women. Protein concentration was determined for patients and healthy individuals, and RNase activity for both the acid and alkaline forms were estimated by spectrophotometric methods with yeast RNase as the substrate. Results : Results revealed that patients group with ovarian malignancy had significant increase(p<0001) in both serum alkaline and acid RNase activity when compared with patients of benign tumors and the control group. There were significant (p<0.05).increases in serum alkaline and acid RNase specific activities, in women with ovarian cancer when compared with women of benign tumors and the control group. Conclusion : Estimation of alkaline and acid RNase activity is a promising approach for the detecting of ovarian cancer.

With the process of industrialization and urbanization accelerating, climate warming caused by CO2 produced by lots of fossil fuels consumption has been more and more serious, so developing low carbon economy has become a new economic model. Based on historical data and the background of low carbon economy, this paper firstly expounds the status of China’s low carbon economy and secondly sums up existing problems according to the actual situation and gives a basic model of developing low carbon economy in China. Finally, this paper establishes an index system of evaluating the comprehensive level of low carbon economy according to the status of China’s low carbon economy and the principles of selecting index.

Abstract - Among other atmospheric factors, relative humidity of the air plays an important role in the drying by solar radiation. The effect of relative humidity over oven temperature was investigated in this work. This study reveals that is a relationship between relative humidity and temperature.From the work done it has been found out that the higher the temperature the lower the relative humidity and hence the faster the drying rate of the material. It was also observed that the time, at which the maximum temperature was obtained, the relative humidity was minimum. Throughout the period of the research the oven temperature was higher than the ambient temperature while the ambient relative humidity is higher than the oven relative humidity.

Throughout many years physical manifesta-tion (phenotype) and inheritable information (genotype) are researched with different scientific methodologies in medicine, genetics, biology, physiology, psychology, etc. The dependence of physical traits on genetic code of individual can be established through various intensive mathematical models. This article explores one of the models that hypothetically explains segregation of people based on their observable psychological traits. Although, environment can influence behavioral traits, the predisposition towards them controlled by fundamental genes, and thus might be inherited. The proposed mathematical model consumm-ates that the process of human segregation leads to a break down on non-active and active communities. As a result, more active community has a tendency to develop much faster and dominate over non-active community. This result of this hypothesis can help to determine and eliminate various risks of denomination, and develop scientifically proven recommendations to improve immigration politic.

Ad hoc networks consist of independent self structured nodes. Nodes use a wireless medium for exchange their message or data, therefore two nodes can converse directly if and only if they are within each other’s broadcast range. Swarm intelligence submits to complex behaviors that occur from very effortless individual activities and exchanges, which is frequently experienced in nature, especially amongst social insects such as ants. Although each individual (an ant) has little intelligence and simply follows basic rules using local information gained from the surroundings, for instance ant’s pheromone track arranging and following activities, globally optimized activities, such as discovering a shortest route, appear when they work together as a group. In this regard in our earlier work we proposed a biologically inspired metaphor based routing in mobile ad hoc networks that referred as Swarm Adaptive Hybrid Routing (SAHR). . With the motivation gained from SAHR, here in this paper we propose a energy efficient swarm adaptive hybrid routing topology (ESAHR). The goal is to improve transmission performance along with energy conservation that used for packet transmission In this paper we use our earlier proposed algorithm that inspired from Swarm Intelligence to obtain these characteristics. In an extensive set of simulation tests, we evaluate our routing algorithm with state-of-the-art algorithm, and demonstrate that it gets better performance over a wide range of diverse scenarios and for a number of different assessment measures. In particular, we show that it scales better in energy conservation with the number of nodes in the network.

One basic requirement of special purpose soil classification is that the soil must be classified in terms of the properties that are relevant to their proposed use. Four transects, each 7km long were established in the eastern, western, southern and northern directions due to break in slope and creek of the land terrain. Nine profiles comprising two in each direction and the starting point were selected along the transects. The profiles were dug and described in accordance with (Soil Survey Staff, 2006 and FAO, 2003) standards. Each profile pit was described with particular reference to the depth, colour, structure, texture, roots, pores/space and other inclusions in the field. The soils of Akpabuyo are well-drained as evidenced by the absence of mottles throughout the subsurface soil horizons with Hue of 10YR being dominant in all the profiles studied while in Bakassi, one of the most striking features of all the soil profiles excavated is poor internal drainage as evidenced by the presence of mottling with dominant colours of soils varied from brown, very dark brown, dark to very dark grey and dark olive grey with predominant 5Y and 10YR hues.

Steel bars used for pre-stressing concrete and as tensile armour wires are routinely subjected to reverse bending and straightening test to detect laminations in the bars. In this paper, three dimensional FE simulation of the reverse bending and straightening of steel wires over rotating rollers conducted as a part of the research to numerically investigate the effects of the combination of reverse bending and laminations on the tensile properties of bars for civil engineering applications is presented. The appropriateness of the simulation procedure employed in this work is demonstrated by a good agreement between the finite element and experimental results.

Magneticresonanceimaging (MRI)isasignificantimagingtechnologyfor brain tumor diagnosis because physicians can identify precise pathologies by studying thevariationsoftissuecharacteristicsthatoccursinvarious kinds of MR images. Segmentation of MRI is a pre-process in determining the volume of different brain tissues, but here tumor detection is of primary concern. We proposed a method to extract tumors as seen through MR brain images using co-clustering and morphological operationsanditsvolumeestimationwasdoneby Cavalier’sestimatorofmorphometricvolumemethod. Quantitative analysis showed that the proposed method yielded better results incomparison with fuzzy c-means algorithm (FCM)

Both opportunities and prospects are sometimes used interchangeably however, in this paper, opportunity refers to the ‘availability of eLearning resources and service’ while prospects denote ‘futuristic expectations about the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in higher education institutions (HEIs). The empirical findings suggest that people score lower on opportunities but significantly high on the prospects showing that they are not quite happy with the facilities and services available (due to the development, implementation and use problems – or simply management problems of eLearning). But they can clearly foresee the significant role of ICTs or education technologies (ETs) in future in the context of developing countries like Pakistan. Furthermore, these differences are attributed to the demographic diversities of the respondents, meaning that the demographic variation changes the power and direction of the user-attitudes towards eLearning. This paper uses stepwise regression to gradually glean-out the most significant predictors of opportunities and prospects from a group (eight) of demographics.

There is no doubt in the reality that Information Technology (IT) is revolutionizing organizations on unprecedented proportions thereby stimulating others to adopt it but despite this fact research indicates that a large number of information system development projects are failing to achieve their objectives in toto. Thus, there are partial and total failure stories of IT projects. Furthermore, information system (IS) failures are common to all types of organizations: public, private or small, medium and large irrespective of operating in a developed or developing country. The research on IS failure frequently cites non-technical issues as the most decisive factors in the success or failure of any IT project. That is, IT can do miracles but all this requires ‘adequate management of the ‘demographics of an IT project.’ Non-technical critical success and failure factors are catching wider attention during the last decades among the IS research community. One can understand that technology can be imported but not the demographic of the organization thus, non-technical issues are ‘local in nature, structure and intensity,’ which definitely need local studies of ISD and use practices so as to dig-out ‘customized ISD and use process. This research is an effort in the same line of thinking.