Based on E = mc2, Einstein remarked that an increase of E in the amount of energy must be accompanied by an increase of E/c2 in mass; and thus the increased temperature would lead to an increased weight. However, based on the recently discovered charge-mass interaction, it is predicted instead that a heated up matter would have a reduced weight. Experimentally, Fan, Feng, and Liu found that the weights of six kinds of metals including gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, and iron decrease as the temperature increases from 100 degree to 600 degree. Nevertheless, Fan et al. regard these weight reductions as a result of modifying the mass in Newtonian gravity, but not due to a new repulsive force as the case of charged capacitors. Thus, they could have inadvertently created a problem with the notion of negative mass. Moreover, this would not help solving the NASA space-probe anomaly. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify that their experimental results are essentially due to a repulsive charge-mass interaction and that the theories of Galileo, Newton and Einstein are inadequate.

Efficiency of water treatment system grossly depends on the attenuation capacity of the filter media. Under natural condition, this capacity depends on the effects of physical, chemical and biological factors of which past works revealed few observation on physical factors under an explicit and simple experimental designs. In this work, we examined the variation of volume flux rate and porosity on the attenuation of migration of bacteria in sand media as can be applicable to water treatment system. Movement of Escherichia coli through matrix of different porosities in trends was studied in down – flow column experiment under natural and intermittent transport. Porosity values range between 0.28 and 0.42 while volume flux rate range between 0.82 x 10-4 m/s and 195.93 m/s respectively. The plot of normalized concentration versus volume flux was best fitted with polynomial curve of second degree which shows that attenuation of migration was partially varies with volume flux and not linear as revealed in past works. However attenuation of bacteria migration depends on the porosity as a function of depth ‘ɸ(x)’.

Purpose - This study develops a research framework that examines the relationship among personal quality performance criteria and strategic quality management (SQM) in Jordanian hospitals and, exam the moderating effects of sector. Design/ Methodology /Approach – This study targeted the most important hospitals that operate in a major Amman city – Jordan ,6 of these hospital agreed to cooperate, the researcher personally administrated (287)questionnaire, responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. Findings – The findings indicate that the four criteria of personal quality performance have significant influence on strategic quality management (SQM) .subgroup analysis reveals that main effects are for the most part, not moderate by sector.

This paper explains the basic functionality of Ethernet and how it can be utilized at home and business networks. This paper includes types of Ethernet, how Ethernet works with OSI modal and cable? , specifications of Ethernet with respect to different types of cables and distance between two points, networking devices supported by it and the topology used by it.

This study aims to examine empirically the impact of various determinants on exports in Pakistan using secondary data over the period from1981-2011.This area was selected for research because trade is equivalent to an engine of economic growth. For empirical analysis after checking the data for stationarity the least square method has been used. The empirical results show positive and statistically significant impacts of explanatory variables such as world income, industry value added, indirect taxes, exchange rate and saving on exports of Pakistan during the study period. The finding suggests that the volume of exports needs to be expanded maximally by appropriate policy and it certainly contribute well in achieving higher level of economic growth.

Recent advances in semiconductor technology have made it possible to achieve imaging devices that can serve as bionic retinas when implanted within the human eye. Traditional concepts for bionic retina prosthesis involve implantation of a CMOS CCD array in place of the dysfunctional retina of the patient [Ref. 2]. This concept suffers from a limitation of a finite battery life, which leads to frequent replacement of batteries. Secondly, the need to bias each pixel makes the number of electrodes large enough to occupy a large portion of active area on the chip. Moreover, more number of electrodes means greater data bandwidth required for restoring vision. It is proposed to use passive devices like solid state photo-voltaic Cells, which instead of consuming external power would in fact generate signals to stimulate the nerve fibers of the optic nerve. The need for digital data processing can be circumvented as the visual information (photo-generated analog signal) is directly coupled to the ganglion fibers of the macula region. The use of silicon as sensor material makes the device sensitive to infrared wavelengths making it possible for the recipient to have good visibility even at night.

The generally observed common phenomenon of decreased utilization of glucose by tissue cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus is attributed to either lack of insulin or due to non availability of functioning insulin. Some of the recent studies indicate the decreased glucose utilization may be due to variations in the membrane lipid composition, there by altering glucose transport across the membrane possibly by disorienting the membrane transport molecules. Such a membrane lipid alteration may be due to diabetes induced dyslipidemia.

State has generally been considered, internally and externally as the most powerful independent political authority. However, it has to engage with civil society and public sphere, the two significant components of nation-state polity at home. Globalization has profound impact on this power structure and shifted it to global level. Globalization also brought with it mundane issues like climate change which the state alone is incapable to cope with. Several powerful states and MNCs even become obstacle in fighting it. Civil society organizations (CSOs) with their limited resources are combating this issue that threatens human existence on this planet. However, ICTs enabled new public sphere brings in a ray of hope by opening new prospects for CSOs to deal with this threat. This article is meant to juxtapose the diversity of research-findings into a compact piece of knowledge and show strengths of NPS for civil society in perspective of climate change.

Introduction - The large-horned bruchid (Megacerus Fahraeus) is a distinct genus of Bruchinae that merits being the sole member of the tribe Megacerini in the subfamily Bruchinae, with more than 50 species distributed from U.S.A. and Canada to Chile and Argentina (Tera´n and Kingsolver 1977; McNamara 2004). These bruchids have been reported to feed only on the seeds of the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae), with an occasional unconfirmed exception (Center and Johnson 1974; Maes and Kingsolver 2003). Recently the larvae of Megacerus flabelliger were found feeding on seeds of Merremia macrocalyx a convuolvulaceous weed in Venezuela (Johnson and Raimundez-Urrutia, 2008). The weed (M. macrocalyx ) produces fruits with one to four seeds and the bruchid was found to oviposit more frequently on fruits with multiple seeds but only one seed was attacked while in some cases fruits with multiple seeds had eggs. Oviposition occurred most frequently on seeds still on the plant and only eggs of M. flabelliger that were found on seeds of M. macrocalyx (Johnson and Raimundez-Urrutia, 2008).

Bioassay of ethanolic crude extract of Mundulea sericea (Willd.) A. Chev. (syn. M. suberosa Benth.) was compared with the leaf powder for their insecticidal potential against Callosobruchus maculatus on stored cowpea using actellic (25 EC) and actellic (2 %) as standard checks with an untreated control. Five pairs of day old adult C. maculatus were sexed and used to infest 100 g IAR-48 (SAMPEA 7) cowpea seeds stored for three months containing 1, 2 and 3 ml or g of the treatments with each replicated three times. All treated jars were shaken thoroughly to ensure effective coating of seeds with treatments and left on laboratory benches in the Storage Entomology Laboratory of Crop Protection Department, Institute for Agricultural Research(IAR)/Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria under open conditions of 28± 2OC and 70± 10 % relative humidity. Insect mortality, oviposition, progeny emergence as well as percentage seed damage and viability were assessed. The results revealed that, the plant materials like their synthetic counterparts (Actellic 25 EC and 2 % dust) significantly (P< 0.05 %) caused higher insect mortality, reduced oviposition and inhibited progeny emergence with not much damage to seed integrity and viability. Though both plant materials were found to be effective in protecting cowpea seeds against C. maculatus attack however, the Mundulea ethanolic extract was significantly better than the dust which was in turn better than the untreated control but was not as good as the synthetic pesticides.