Many herbal extracts have been reported to modify significantly, the transformation of normal cells into neoplastic cells. Garlic and its extracts are known for their hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antiplatelet aggregating effect as well as for its anticancer effects. Many of these health beneficial effects of garlic are attributed to its principle organosulfur compound diallyl disulfide(DADS). It was thought that DADS may be involved in anticarcinogenic & antitumorogenic effect of garlic, hence the present work was undertaken to assess the protective effects of DADS in ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells induced hepatoma in mice. The study has three groupsnormal group (group1), the EAC cells implanted mice (group 2) & DADS-treated EAC cells implanted mice (group 3). The results indicate a significant decrease in ascitic fluid volume, ascitic fluid cell count, liver tissue amino acid nitrogen levels, liver tissue glutaminase activity & liver tissue lactate levels as well as a increase in life span observed in group 3 mice as compared to group 2 mice, suggesting that DADS gives a significant protection in group3 mice probably by decreasing the anaerobic glucose utilization as well as by interfering with protein & deoxy ribonucleotide synthesis.

This paper emphasizes on designing of a novice quantizer that is more suitable for compressing images through curvelet transform. This compression algorithm is tested on various images like plain, textured and building images. The results are compared with the existing techniques like curvelet with existing quatizer, wavelet with existing quantizer and wavelet with proposed quantzer. The proposed algorithm “curvelets with proposed quantizer” outperforms the existing techniques. The performance is evaluated through visual clarity , Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and compression metrics such as Compression ratio and Bit-rate.

This research aims to identify why Pakistani brands are not being recognized internationally. Three determinants have been kept in mind while completing this research, (Brand Perception, Product Quality & Product Innovation). The sample size of the study was 200 respondents; the questionnaires were distributed among 200 respondents. Only 129 questionnaires responses were included in data analysis due to incomplete response from the respondents. The research not only provides dedicated information that how the local products are graded internationally but also manifests competitive environment, highlighting various aspects related to international brand recognition. It emphasized importance of perception, innovation and quality with respect to recognition at international level and how various stakeholders can contribute towards this end.

An extensive experimentation was performed to study the strength development of concrete in which fine aggregate was partially replaced with silica fume. Mathematical models were developed using statistical techniques to predict the compressive strength of such concrete. Water-to-cement ratio was varied from 0.50 to 0.60 and fine aggregate replacement level ranged from 0 to 15%. Compressive strength testing was conducted at age of 7, 28, and 56 days. Results showed that compressive strength of concrete, made with silica fume as fine aggregate replacement material, was higher than the control concrete. The developed models provided a closed form estimate of compressive strength of concrete. The models would serve as useful guidelines for proportioning concrete mixes incorporating silica fume as fine aggregate replacement material. Such concrete could be used successfully in structural applications with economic and environmental advantages.

The aluminium stiffener panels in ship structure are paramount to ensure safety and to guarantee the structural strength and integrity of the ship. The aluminium stiffener panel is very important to ship building, especially when the ship faces collision or unstabilized structure; the aluminium stiffener panel tends to increase bending moment, vertical shear force and stresses. This study investigate the strength of the aluminium stiffener panel at the amidship bulkhead with different shapes and typesin order to determine the strength of the aluminium stiffener from its features. AA 5083-H116 aluminium stiffener panel used has been approved by the recognized organization for shipbuilding. The aluminium stiffener panel has been tested using bending moment test and compressive load to obtain the highest endurance. Three types of aluminium stiffener panels, which are a flat shaped, L-shaped and T-shaped panel, are used in order to obtain the best panel ability for a better ship structural system. The aluminium stiffener panel is tested at the area where it is different to determine area where they are affected by extreme heat due to the welding results and fabrication. The result has showed that the aluminium stiffener panel in shipbuilding process effect in an area without extreme heat is more stable.

Propeller cavitation is a major problem in ship operation and the costs of repair and maintenance is high for ship-owners. Proper design of propeller plays a very important role in life cycle and the performance of a vessel. The use of simulation to observe various parameters that affect cavitations can be helpful to optimize propeller performance. This project designs and simulates cavitations flow of a Kaplan series, Fixed Pitch Propeller (FPP) of a 48-metres Multipurpose Deck Ship at 11 knots. Simulation test was carried out for laminar and turbulent flow using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach to observe cavitations occurrence at selected radius. The parameters considered are pitch angle, angle of attack, viscosity of sea water, operating vapour pressure in the sea water, engine power, lift and drag vectors of each of the blade sections, and resultant velocity of the fluid flow. Comparison of performance is made and it compares well with the theory. Thrust coefficient (KT), torque coefficient (KQ), thrust (T), advance coefficient (J), and cavitations number (σ), were calculated to deduce efficiency and validate the model. The study can be used to build a prototype physical model that could be beneficial for future additional experimentation investigation.

The history of medicine dates back perhaps to the origin of human race and since time immemorial, man has made use of plants for the treatment of disease. Application of various herbal preparations which are highly effective for curing many diseases seem to have been in practice as early as 400 BC. The earliest reference to the use of medicinal herbs as a cure for a disease was found in Ebers Papyrus (2600 BC). In India, references to the curative properties of herbs in Rig Veda (period estimate between 3500-1800 BC) seem to the earliest records of use of plants in medicine. However, these references are very brief. More detailed account is available in the Ayur veda (about 2500 BC), the Indian System of Medicine. After the Vedas, appeared the two most important works on Indian System of Medicine, the Charak-Samhita (1000 BC) and Susruta-Samhita (800 BC). The Unani system of medicine further enriched the Herbal Materia Medica. Sheikh Abu Ali Seena (980-1033 AD), the author of AL QANOON described various plant medicines in his book Adviya Qalbia (Mamtani and Mamtani, 2005).

The topic of the present study was “Chinese and Pakistani Teachers’ Perspectives about Quality Oriented -Education of China” The present study aimed to appraise the quality-oriented education models of China and to find out the possibility of their implementation at primary level in Pakistan to improve the quality of education. It was a descriptive study and data for the study was gathered through administration of a questionnaire. The data for the study was collected from Chinese and Pakistani primary school teachers. Findings depicted that there were no significant differences in the opinions of the Chinese and Pakistani primary school teachers. In the opinions of the teachers of both countries independent model of quality oriented education is the best for primary level education. Teachers of both countries favoured independent model of quality oriented education and were not in favour of creative model, they did not give importance to feelings of student in learning processes and did not identity their problem in learning environment. It was recommended that as the Primary School Teachers of China and Pakistan are in favour of independent model of quality oriented education. The primary education system of both counties may follow this model for primary level. Teachers of China and Pakistan may be trained to teach in real context providing students chances of discuss, creating interest in teaching learning process, using playful activities for learners.

Diglossia is a language situation in which there are two distinct varieties of a language used side by side. One variety, referred to as the High variety (H), is used only on formal and public occasions, while the other one, referred to as the Low variety (L), is used under normal, everyday circumstances. The distance between the H and L are sometimes to the extent that the two varieties are mutually unintelligible. One good example is the diglossic situation held between the Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and the Egyptian Colloquial Arabic (EA). This article aims to compare the two varieties, at different linguistic levels, to illustrate how these differences have made the two verities mutually unintelligible.

The aim of the present paper is to evaluate new generating functions of H-function, using Truesdell’s ascending and descending F-equation technique. These formulae are unified in nature and act as the key formulae from which we can obtain as their special cases. For the sake of illustration, we record here some special cases of our main formulae, which are believe to be new and important themselves.