As food manufacturing sector is an emerging sector in Bangladesh, quality improvement can play an indispensable role in improving productivity and economic development for our country as well. The fast changing economic conditions such as global competition, declining profit margin, customer for high quality product and reduced lead-time etc. The demand for higher quality product is increasing and to survive in the competitive market food manufacturers need to improve their operations through producing the product right first time. This paper illustrates a very detailed investigation on rework reduction as well as quality improvement of a food factory by applying Pareto Analysis and Cause-Effect Diagram. The aim of this study is to minimize rework generation that will improve productivity and profitability. One month data has been collected from the management, then Pareto Analysis and Cause-Effect Diagram are performed on them. The application of this paper improves the process performance of the critical operational process, leading to better utilization of resources, decreases variations and maintains consistent quality of the process output. The outcome of this observation demonstrates that a manufacturing industry can gain higher productivity and profitability. It also minimizes cost and reduces the production time.

Gender inequality, which is sometimes called sex discrimination, means receiving unequal treatment based solely on gender. Women are most commonly the subject of gender inequality in the workplace. The contribution of women in corporate sector is essential for the success and prosperity of nations across the world. In spite of many odds women across the glove continued to make incredible progress. However the role of women in economic value creation has not been recognized universally rather they are playing a supportive role in economic value creation. According to NASSCAM, the ratio of men and women in Information Technology and Information Technology Enabled Services sector is 65:35 by the year 2010. The Watson Wyatt study says that the younger generation of women in India is expected to achieve educational parity with men by 2016. So corporate recruiters, are also enthusiastic to hire women for successful management practices and adopted a new provision for women representation on Board in Companies Act 2013.

Background: The hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) is a mixed Na+/K+ inward current that is believed to regulate a wide variety of physiological function in both the central nervous system (CNS) and in the heart. The mammalian Ih is encoded by four members of the Hyperpolarization-activated and Cyclic Nucleotide-gated nonselective cation channel (HCN) gene family (HCN1-4). There was a conflict in previous reports regarding the fraction of suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons that exhibited Ih. We first tested the hypothesis that channel subunits are found within the SCN. Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, the distribution of HCN1, HCN2, and HCN4 in the SCN was studied. Both HCN1 and HCN2 subunits were present in the SCN but with different patterns of localization. HCN4 was not detected in the SCN. Ih was also recorded from SCN neurons using whole cell voltage clamp. Results: The results show that Ih is functionally well expressed in SCN neurons. 84% of SCN neurons exhibited Ih. Ih recorded had the activation constant (τ) of 236±2 ms and amplitude of 25±1 pA at -40 mV step. At -60 mV step, τ was significantly reduced to 167±3 ms (p<0.5) while the current amplitude was significantly increased to 34±2 pA (p<0.01). In conclusion, Ih channel subunits are abundant in the SCN; the kinetic properties of the recorded Ih resemble those of HCN2 homomers. Conclusion: Our results show that Ih plays a major role in the SCN excitability and therefore may regulate its circadian function.

Background: Fluid balance is important in patients with renal impairment and undergoing hemodialysis. ‘‘Dry’’ weight is usually assessed clinically, and also, bioimpedance is considered reliable. The use of chest ultrasound to detect lung water received growing attention in clinical research in intensive care patients and in patients with heart failure. Recently ultrasonographic lung comets (counting B-lines artifact) evaluates extravascular lung water while ultrasonography of inferior vena cava (IVC) estimates central venous pressure, so ultrasound is considered as a useful tool to evaluate the hydration status of hemodialysis patients. Objectives: The study was designed to use lung ultrasound to assess lung congestion before and after a dialysis session in correlation to clinical signs and symptoms and the achieved dry weight in end stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: The present study included 25 patients on maintenance hemodialysis in Alexandria University Hospitals. All the patients were subjected to thorough history taking with special concern on grade of dyspnea and ultrafiltration volume, as well as full clinical examination before and after dialysis including vital signs and signs of hypervolemia as congested neck veins, fine basal crepitations, congested liver and lower limb edema. Radiological examination including ultrasound lung comets score and diameter of hepatic portion of inferior vena cava (IVC) before and after dialysis session. Results: The mean lung comets score before dialysis was high and decreased significantly after dialysis. There was a significant positive correlation between ultrafiltration volume and the absolute change of lung comets score while there was no correlation between the ultrafiltration volume and the absolute change of IVC diameter. There was a significant correlation between lung comets score and grade of dyspnea before dialysis as well as after dialysis. There was a significant positi

The study examined the factors affecting agroforestry technology upscaling and identified gaps in scaling up approaches of agroforestry technologies. One hundred and sixty four farmers in Malawi Agroforestry Extension (MAFE) project districts of Mzimba, Ntcheu and Mangochi were interviewed. Logistic model was used in analyzing data from the study. Results show that farmers’ extension access, perceived usefulness of agroforestry technology, main source of income, educational level of household head, and number of field plots were the main factors affecting the scaling up of the agroforestry technologies in the area. Among others, the study recommended that farmers and extension workers should be actively and jointly engaged in the design of agroforestry projects for effective upscaling and that agroforestry extension services should be promoted for farmers to perceive the usefulness of the technologies to enhance scaling up of the technology.

Dense feature extraction is becoming increasingly popular in face recognition. Face recognition is a vital component for authorization and security. In earlier days, CCA (Canonical Correlation Analysis) and SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transforms) was used for face recognition. Since multi scale extraction is not possible with these existing methods, a new approach to dense feature extraction is developed in this project. The proposed method combines dense feature extraction and decision based propagation neural network (DBPNN). Neural network algorithm is presented to recognize the face at different angle, and it is used for training and learning and leading to efficient and robust face recognition. Finally Iris matching is done by using Iterative randomized Hough transform for detecting the pupil region with number of iteration counts. Experimental results show that the proposed method is providing effective recognition rate with accuracy in comparing with existing methods.

The study helps to understand the use of ethical and halal concept in marketing consumer’s products & explore the some variables that affect the unethical practices of consumer’s products in Bangladesh. The study, descriptive in nature, has been conducted based on primary and secondary data. The study has been conducted among 60 respondents at Rangpur City Corporation in Bangladesh who are regularly use consumers products. The survey questionnaire has been included 48 questions designed under 5-point Likert scale. The collected data have been analyzed by using frequency distribution analysis through the SPSS 20.0 version. The study also shows that 95percent of respondents have already faced unethical practices when they have bought any consumers products. 90 percent of respondents believed that unethical practices of Consumer’s products is increased day by day.

Customer buying behavior is a process by which consumers identify their needs, collect information, evaluate alternatives, and make the purchase decision. It is a series of choices made by a consumer prior to making a buying that begins once the customer has established a willingness to buy. Many of the research papers argue about customer buying behavior. The marketer attempts to influence each of these decisions by supplying information that may shape the consumers evaluation. The Six stages of the consumer buying behavior process are Problem Recognition, Information search, Evaluation of Alternatives, Purchase Decision, Purchase, Post- Purchase Evaluation. The research paper attempts to find the various determinants of customer buying behavior at Srinivasa Motors. Results are finding with using of various statistical tools. This research paper is useful to the marketers to understand the interest of the customers. It also can help to boost their marketing strategy.

The theories of organizational citizenship behavior have been an area of interest of many scholars for decades. However, very little work has been done in this area to see if motives of various kinds lead to organizational citizenship behavior. This paper discusses definition of motivation and few popular theories of motivation. A thorough literature review is done to learn aspects of organizational citizenship behavior and its relationship with motivational concepts. It is found that both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation affects employee’s commitment to organizational citizenship behavior. Factors like trust, leadership style, and changed attitude towards employees can increase OCB at workplace which will increase their performance and reduce turnover rate. The major limitation of the paper is that it is based on very limited number of scholarly reviews as little work has been done in this field. There is huge scope for potential researchers to conduct this research with primary data, across different culture and different industries which would give a complete understanding of the subject matter.

Twenty eight male patients with non-pathological fracture neck of femur (FNOF), age range 61-89 years, mean age 74.4 years, presented for surgery for fracture neck of femur to Merlin Park Regional Hospital, Galway Ireland and 28 age and sex matched control patients, age range 60-85 years, mean age 72.4 years who were admitted to the medical ward for chest pain were included in the study. Following a formal written consent blood were collected for CBC, CMP, and total and free testosterone levels, LH, Estradilol, total 25OHD and 1,25(OH)â‚‚D, and PTH levels pre-operatively. Bone mineral density was done within 7 days of the incident fracture on the patients and the control groups. The study is approved by the local IRB. The results were analyzed using T-test for paired data and Chi-square test for the dichotomous data when applicable. The levels of free and total testosterone (<0.001), LH (<0.001), total protein (<0.001), albumin (<0.001), PTH (<0.001), and free estradilol levels (<0.04) were significantly low in patients with hip fracture compared to controls. The BMD of the femoral neck in g/cm2 were also significantly lower in the patient compared to controls (P<0.001). Conclusions: testosterone and vitamin D deficiency are potentially preventable risk factors in elderly male patients with non-pathological hip fracture. Vitamin D deficiency might also be implicated for the rise in PTH levels, secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone mineral disorders. Hormonal treatment may be potential option to prevent osteoporosis and decrease the risk of hip fracture in elderly male patients.