Image compression demands high speed architectures for transformation and encoding process. Medical image compression demands lossless compression schemes and faster architectures. A trade-off between speed and area decides the complexity of image compression algorithms. In this work, a high speed DWT architecture and pipelined SPIHT architecture is designed, modeled and implemented on FPGA platform. DWT computation is performed using matrix multiplication operation and is implemented on Virtex-5 FPGA that consumes less than 1% of the hardware resource. The SPIHT algorithm that is performed using pipelined architecture and hence achieves higher throughput and latency. The SPIHT algorithm operates at a frequency of 260 MHz and occupies area less than 15% of the resources. The architecture designed is suitable for high speed image compression applications.

This article basically focused on some statistical properties of exponentiated-weighted weibull model which of course numerous authors have written one thing or the other on exponential weibull distribution and not on exponential weighted weibull. This model is established with a view to obtaining a model that is better than both weighted weibull and weibull distribution in terms of the estimate of their characteristics and their parameters using the logit of Beta by Jones (2004). The weighted weibull distribution is proposed by Mahdy (2013) with an additional parameter called “sensitive skewness parameter”. Some basic properties of the proposed model including moments and moment generating function (first and second moments about the origin even with standard deviation are derive), survival rate function, hazard rate function, asymptotic behaviours, and the estimation of parameters have been studied. The result from the new model is better representativeness in data and its flexibility and shape.

El artículo muestra cómo ha sido el desarrollo económico colombiano desde el modelo de sustitución de importaciones en la década de los cincuenta, contrarrestándolo con el de apertura económica de la década de los noventa. Si bien en el último periodo el crecimiento económico ha logrado disminuir la pobreza; las políticas de mercado han empeorado la distribución del ingreso; sin duda la variable que hay que atacar para que el proceso de paz no solo tenga éxito, sino más importante asegurar un modelo económico que siga generando bienestar y que asegure el objetivo de la concordia de los colombianos.

Religion is among one of the many social institutions which are intrinsic part of a society and it exist in some form or another in almost every known society. With the advancement of science and technology some of the theories of religion have been questioned and debated in the past and recent times, yet the religious belief remained a corner stone in the mindset of general folk. But the youth who feel reluctant to anything which is less descriptive or does not hold any scientific end are asked to share their views about the religious faith. The key objectives of the research project were to understand the importance of religion in youth’s life, to understand how religious practices have impact on their life and to understand the cause and degree of religious belief amongst youths. The cause and the degree of belief were recorded and the data analysed to know the psyche of the country’s youth and the impact religion is making in their life.

This paper presents the model of a STATCOM which is controlled externally by a newly designed Power Oscillation Controller(POC) for the improvements of power system stability and damping effect of an on line power system. The proposed POC consists oftwo controllers(PID & POD).PIDparameters has been optimized by ZiglerNecles close loop tuning method. Machine excitation has been controller by using excitation controlleras required. Both single phase and three phase faults has been considered in the research. In this paper, A power system network is considered which is simulated in the phasor simulation method& the network is simulated in three steps; without STATCOM, With STATCOM but no externally controlled, STATCOM with Power Oscillation Controller(POC). Simulation result shows that without STATCOM, the system parameters becomes unstable during faults. When STATCOM is imposed in the network, then system parameters becomes stable. Again, when STATCOM is controlled externally by POC controllers, then system voltage & power becomes stable in faster way then without controller. It has been observed that the STATCOM ratings are only 20 MVA with controllers and 200 MVA without controllers.So, STATCOM with POC controllersare more effective to enhance the voltage stability and increases power transmission capacity of a power system .So STATCOM with POC& excitation controllers, the system performance is greatly enhanced.

Objective. This paper tests the hypothesis that the value-stream mapping (VSM) method, based on Lean thinking, could help streamline the care process for patients with oesophageal cancer. Design. Case study. Setting and participants. One of the largest tertiary referral centres for oesophageal cancer in The Netherlands. Interventions. We applied and evaluated the principles and tools of Lean thinking, especially VSM processes, to improve the process of delivering care to patients referred for oesophageal cancer. Results. Evaluation at the start of the project revealed that the care pathway was unsystematic and might introduce medical errors. Application of VSM principles in the Lean context improved the process by cutting the number of individual steps needed to begin treatment from 128 to 103 and minimized variability by applying standardization. The implementation of Lean techniques improved the delivery of clinical care to our patients with oesophageal cancer by reducing the time it took to start treatment by 3.5 weeks. Conclusions. Our results suggest that the VSM method, based on Lean thinking, can help to better arrange the care processes for these patients. We believe that these principles can be applied to much of the care administered in this setting and to other areas of health-care delivery.

Objective: To assess the role of DWI and the ADC in differentiating between local tumor recurrence and benign breast changes after breast conservative surgery. Materials and Methods: 26 patients (age range, 25–68 years; mean age, 49 years) with breast conservation surgery were included in our study. MRI study was done using bilateral fatsuppressed T2- weighted fast spin-echo, axial STIR, axial T1- weighted fast spin-echo. DWI series were acquired using echo planar imaging pulse sequences incorporating with diffusion gradients and finally dynamic contrast enhancement study was done. Results: Among the twenty sex patients underwent MR imaging in our study, 7 patients were diagnosed at histopathology as local tumor recurrence at the site of surgery, and 11 patients had surgical scarring, 6 patients had seromas, one patient had hematoma and one patient had fat necrosis. Local tumor recurrence showed lower ADC values (mean ADC = 0.95 ± 0.37 x 10-3 mm2/s) than that of benign lesions (mean ADC = 1.69 ± 0.16 x 10-3 mm2/s). The sensitivity and specificity of DWI in the differentiating local tumor recurrence from benign breast lesions were 100 % and 94.7 %, respectively. Conclusion: DWI is easy to obtain in short scan time and easy to evaluate, and ADC values can differentiate between local tumor recurrence and benign breast changes after breast conservation surgery with high sensitivity & specificity.

In modern surgical, radiological and transplantation procedures an anatomic vascular variations is of greater importance. The coeliac axis arterial patterns are of importance in planning all surgical performances mainly liver transplantation and radiological procedures in the upper abdomen. This is to avoid surgical mistakes which may lead to serious consequences to the patient and also medico legal implications. The celiac orcoeliacartery, is also known as the coeliac trunk (coeliac axis), or truncus coeliakus. It is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta The coeliac artery supplies oxygenated bloodto the liver stomach abdominalesophagus spleenand the superior half of both the duodenum and the pancreas. These structures are derived from the embryonic foregut. The coeliac artery is an essential source of blood, since the interconnections with the other major arteries of the gut are not sufficient to sustain adequate perfusion. Thus it cannot be safely ligated in a living person, and obstruction of the celiac artery will lead to necrosisof the structures it supplies. The coeliac artery is the only major artery that nourishes the abdominal digestive organs that does not have a similarly named vein. The variations in the coeliac axis and its branches were observed frequently during the routine dissections of the abdomen when teaching the undergraduate students. The current study involves 40 cadavers (34 males and 6 females) in a period of 3 years and we observed anomalies of coeliac axis in 4 male cadavers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these variationswith respect to their impact on visceral surgery and also to determine the comprehensive spectrum in the variations of prevalence of coeliac axis.Therefore a thorough knowledge of variation of coeliac trunk is important for proper pre-operative diagnosis and planning of surgical and radiological interventions. Presence of arterial variations may result in erroneous interpretation of angiograms.

The present research is a corpus-based analysis of adjectives in Bapsi Sidhwa’s fiction. It is aimed at highlighting the various aspects of the usage of adjectives and their resultant effects in Sidhwian fiction. For this purpose, a corpus of Sidhwa’s fictional works has been compiled which has been analyzed with the help of Antconc 3.2.4 software. For a detailed scrutiny, the concordance lines have been explored thoroughly. The research, in an attempt to be in accordance with the procedure of corpus-based study, has relied on a detailed analysis of lexical items along with insights that have been gathered from keyword lists, clusters and n-grams, in order to strengthen the validity, collocations and colligation trends have also been analyzed. The in-depth study of the adjectives, the use of which is thought to be a distinguishing characteristics of Sidhwa, has been carried out to validate the so-called assumption that the rather excessive use of adjectives is a leading characteristic of female writers in general and Sidhwa’s writings in particular. The corpus analysis has lead the researchers to the findings that there seems to be an unusual usage of adjectives in Sidhwa’s fiction in quantitative terms but as far as their aptness is concerned, it can be asserted that their use can be justified according to the requirements of the text. The research has explored new vistas in corpus stylistics to endorse the insight of the literary theorists. The present research will help the literary critics, new researchers of the author, teachers, and students to understand the text from a more syntactical perspective.

Background: Snake bite is predominantly an occupational hazard and a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Acute renal failure has been associated with venomous viper and sea snake bites. AIMS: This study was carried out to study the incidence and clinical profile of the snake bite patients who develop acute renal failure;and to identify the predictors of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Material and methodology: We carried out prospective study on fifty (50) cases of definitive snake bite admitted to Department of Medicine/Emergency medicine, Kempegowda institute of medical sciences, Bangalore from May 2012 to November 2013. Statistical analysis: SPSS for Windows version 17.0 (SPSS, Inc, Chicago, Ill) was used for statistical analysis. The Pearson Chi-Square Test was used to analyze parametric variables. A P value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.